394,749 research outputs found
Investigation of the impact of land use management scenarios on diffuse source nutrients in the River Axe catchment
No full textThe Water Framework Directive (WFD) (Directive 2000/60/EC) requires new
ecological standards for rivers, lakes and coastal waters by 2015. In the United
Kingdom the English Catchment Sensitive Farming Initiative has identified 40
catchments which are at risk of failing the European Commission WFD targets for good
ecological status of water bodies because of a range of issues. The river Axe catchment
situated in south-west part of the UK, with a mixture of diffuse and point sources of
pollution, is one of these priority sites, as intensive dairy farming and cultivation of high
risk crops (maize), cause problems with enhanced suspended sediment, nitrate and
phosphorus levels in the river. For the purpose of this research the Soil and Water
Assessment Tool (SWAT-2005) and ArcView GIS 3.2 interface AVSWAT-X were
used. SWAT has been found to be a useful tool in numerous EU and UK studies
addressing the objectives of the EU WFD, which requires identification of pollution
sources, their influences and solutions for the studied catchment. The base scenario was
based on field observation and interviews with the Environment Agency and farmers; it
was run with and without point sources. Model was performing well; achieving
hydrological calibration for Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (ENS) of 0.62. Three
different scenarios, field buffer strips (FBS), extensive land use management (ELUM)
and sheep land use management (SLUM), were used to evaluate the ability of SWAT to
represent the proposed mitigation methods and assess the effectiveness of the measures
in reducing nutrient loads in the Axe. SWAT was found to be able to represent the
proposed mitigation methods which were included in these three management scenarios.
Management scenarios reduced the average annual loads at the main catchment outlet
by 21.21% (FBS), 37.32% (ELUM) and 45.02% (SLUM), for total nitrogen; 47.72%
(FBS), 60.58% (ELUM) and 62.41% (SLUM) for total phosphorus; and 3.49% (FBS),
7.34% (ELUM) and 5.58% (SLUM) for annual average sediment yield. To deliver the
necessary water quality improvements for the river Axe both diffuse and point sources
of pollution will have to be addressed as results show that reduction only in one type of
source does not achieve the Environment Agency’s Environmental Quality Standard
target values which were set to meet the objectives of the EU WFD
Web applications used as a support for more efficient selection on production traits in herds of dairy cattle
No full textThe role of cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase in yeasts cells with changed oxidised status
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Marine air conditioning
No full textU ovom radu je opisan sustav klimatizacije brodskih nastambi, odnosno princip rada i uređaji koji služe za dobivanje lagodnih uvjeta za boravak u brodskim nastambama.
Klimatizacija je proces pripreme zraka u svrhu dobivanja što većeg stupnja ugodnosti za boravak ljudi u zatvorenim prostorijama.
U prvom dijelu rada govori se o uređaju za klimatizaciju i kompresorskom rashladnom uređaju gdje su navedeni općenito dijelovi i princip rada uređaja. Također, prikazane su i sheme uređaja gdje je detaljnije objašnjen princip rada i ciklus hlađenja.
U središnjem dijelu rada dotiče se uređaja za nadzor i zaštitu a to su termostati i presostati. Govori se o ventilaciji koja služi za dobavu i izmjenu zraka u brodskim prostorijama a može biti prirodna i umjetna. Filtriranjem se uklanjaju nečistoće i plinovi iz zraka stoga se govori o efektima filtriranja i materijalima za filtere.
U zadnjem dijelu rada govori se o elementima potrebnim za distribuciju zraka i određivanju količine zraka za klimatizaciju gdje su preporučene količine zraka po čovjeku, maksimalna količina zagađivača u zraku kao i broj potrebnih izmjena zraka na sat.This accademic work describes the air-conditioning system of the ship's dwellings, that is, the principle of operation and the devices used to obtain easy conditions for staying in the ship's dwellings. Air conditioning is the process of preparing the air for the purpose of obtaining as much comfort as possible for people to stay indoors.
The first part of the paper deals with the air conditioning unit and the compressor refrigeration unit, where the parts and principle of operation of the unit are generally indicated. Also, schematics of the device are presented where the operating principle and cooling cycle are explained in more detail.
In the central part of the work touches the control and protection devices, which are thermostats and pressure switches. It is a question of ventilation for the supply and exchange of air in ship's premises, which can be natural and artificial. Filtration removes impurities and gases from the air, so the effects of filtration and filter materials are discussed.
The last section discusses the elements necessary for air distribution and the determination of the amount of air for air conditioning where the recommended amounts of air per person, the maximum amount of pollutants in the air, and the number of air changes required per hour
Prim. dr. Ivo Glavan (1898. - 1977.), osnivač odjela za neuropsihijatriju u Osijeku
No full textThe paper presents professional and life path of Primarius Doctor of Medicine Ivo Glavan, the founder of the Department of Neuropsychiatry in Osijek. The paper is based on existing references about life and work of this well-known physician from Osijek, as well as review of his professional and scientific papers. The author tended to highlight Primarius Dr. Ivo Glavan as a person, because his personality was very important for establishment, as well as development of the Department of Neuropsychiatry in Osijek. The paper presents information on his heritage, childhood and youth referring to the period in which he had been both psychologically and biologically formed as a person with broad insight, persistence and structure in achieving his goals, ability of having deeper perspective, who was ahead of time. Despite extremely adverse circumstances and with significant personal sacrifice, Primarius Dr. Ivo Glavan was not only the founder of the Department of Neuropsychiatry in Osijek, but neuropsychiatrist of broad culture who contributed to development of profession and medical science thorough his professional and scientific papers in our region. His best known work was a textbook in neurology written in Croatian language called "Živčane bolesti ("Nervous Diseases"). He altruistically propagated professional and scientific thought on local level participating in work of Croatian Medical Association in Osijek.U članku je prikazan životni i stručni put prim. dr. Ive Glavana, osnivača neuropsihijatrijskoga odjela u Osijeku. Članak je napisan na temelju postojećih zapisa u literaturi o životu i radu ovoga poznatoga osječkog liječnika te na temelju pregleda njegovih stručnih i znanstvenih radova. Autor je nastojao posebno osvijetliti prim. dr. Ivu Glavana kao osobu, jer je njegova osobnost bila od presudnoga značenja za osnutak i razvoj neuropsihijatrijskoga odjela u Osijeku. Stoga je u članak uvrstio podatke o njegovu podrijetlu, djetinjstvu i mladosti tj. podatke o razdoblju u kojem se biološki i psihološki razvio u osobu koja je svojom širinom pogleda, dubinom pronicanja u bit stvari, sustavnošću i ustrajnošću u postizanju postavljenoga si cilja, nadilazila prostor i vrijeme u kojem je djelovala. Unatoč krajnje nepovoljnim okolnostima, uz velika osobna odricanja, prim. dr. Ivo Glavan nije samo osnovao Neuropsihijatrijski odjel u Osijeku, nego je kao neuropsihijatar i čovjek široke kulture, pridonosio razvoju struke i medicinske znanosti kod nas i u svijetu pisanjem stručnih i znanstvenih članaka, a njegovo najpoznatije djelo jest prvi udžbenik iz neurologije napisan na hrvatskom jeziku pod naslovom "Živčane bolesti". Na lokalnoj razini nesebično je širio stručnu i znanstvenu misao sudjelujući u radu Hrvatskoga liječničkog zbora u Osijeku
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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