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Between rebellion and obedience:the rise and fall of Bushatlı Mahmud Pasha of shkodra (1752-1796)
Get PDFThis biography study on Mahmud Pasha of Shkodra (1752-1796), by revising its figure
in the classic Albanian historiography and Ottoman historiography, tries to put him in
the proper place in the studies on the Ottoman local notables. Emphasizing more on
his rebellion and giving it some national nuance, the Albanian historiography tried to
show it as a struggle of independence from Ottoman center. On the other hand, from
a central point of view Ottoman chroniclers blamed these local notables for the
disorder that was taking place in the provinces. But, both sides failed to capture the
true picture of him. Therefore, this thesis, basing on a new reinterpretation of sources
according to the revisionist works on ottoman local notables, challenges the two
narratives.Abstract iv
Öz v
Acknowledgements vi
Table of Contents vii
List of Symbols and Abbreviations ix
CHAPTERS
1. INTRODUCTION 1
2. THE RISE TO THE POWER 12
2.1. Origins of the Bushatli Family 12
2.2. Ottoman Albania in the Eighteenth-Century 15
2.3. Early Life of Mahmud 20
2.4. Son of a Pasha 24
2.5. The Efforts of a Father 29
2.6. The Paşalık of Shkodra After the Death of Mehmed Pasha 34
3. THE RE-EMERGENCE OF THE PAŞALIK UNDER BUSHATLI MAHMUD 41
3.1. The New Governor of Shkodra 41
3.2. Mahmud and the Albanian Pashas 46
3.3. The Relations with the Central Government 49
3.4. Protecting the Legacy 52
3.5. A Merchant Pasha 57
3.6. Competition Among Neighbors 62
4. THREE FACES OF MAHMUD PASHA 67
4.1. Crisis in the North 67
4.2. The Podgorica Issue 70
4.3. The Role and the Image of Mahmud in Podgorica 74
4.4. Military Campaigns on Montenegro and Venice 78
4.5. Expedition in Southern Albania 83
5. THE END OF AN OTTOMAN NOTABLE 90
5.1. Challenging the Central Order 90
5.2. The Siege of Shkodra 94
5.3. A Useless Victory and a Regretful Rebel 98
5.4. Serving the Sublime Porte 103
5.5. Second Siege of Shkodra 107
5.6. The Spanish Intermediation and the Last Forgiveness 111
6. CONCLUSION 115
BIBLIOGRAPHY 119
APPENDICES
A. Map of the Western Balkan 128
B. The Network of the Bushatlis in the Region 129
C. The Influence Zone of the Bushatlis 13
From factionalism to regional order: merchants,artisan guilds and the Bushatli family ineighteenth century shkodra
Get PDFThis dissertation examines the formation of local power structures, with a particularemphasis on the case of Shkodra during the eighteenth century. This erawitnessed significant transformations due to the implementation of new fiscal andadministrative reforms by the Ottoman central government, which profoundly influencedthe sociopolitical landscape in the provinces. Consequently, a structuralshift emerged within the Ottoman state, transitioning from a vertical to a horizontalmodel, wherein local elites and communities collaborated with central authorities.Through a comprehensive micro-study of this province, this research investigatesthe local, regional, and imperial forces affecting the province and analyzes howthe province, in turn, impacts these layers. The primary objective of this study isto illuminate these layers and their interrelationships, thereby clarifying their collectivecontribution to the establishment of a provincial order. This dissertationcontributes to the understanding of provincial order construction through a detailedcase study that explores the dynamics of power within a specific area situated at theintersection of local, regional, and imperial networks. It seeks to identify the keyactors involved in this process and to analyze the interplay of power among them,thereby elucidating the formation of the provincial network. The research traces theemergence of the ayan (local notables) and contextualizes this phenomenon withinspecific historical circumstances, articulating the mechanisms that facilitated thisdevelopment. To support this analysis, the thesis makes a comparative examinationof primary sources from Ottoman, Italian, and Albanian historical archives
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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