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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Hugo Grotius and the antic international law
No full textMit seinem Hauptwerk 'De Iure Belli ac Pacis' gilt Hugo Grotius (1583 - 1645) als Gründer einer systematischen modernen Völkerrechtstheorie. In dem vorliegenden althistorischen und rechtshistorischen Beitrag wird Grotius Werk demgegenüber auf seine Beziehungen zum Altertum und zum älteren Christentum untersucht. Im ersten Teil widmet sich der Autor der Frage, ob man - selbst bei Beschränkung auf grundsätzliche Züge - überhaupt zusammenhängend von von einem Völkerrecht der Antike reden kann und worin seine gemeinsamen Züge und Besonderheiten liegen könnten. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt er zu dem Ergebnis, daß ungeachtet einer Pluralität antiker Rechtssysteme eine Reihe universeller Rechtsfiguren in einer Vielzahl von Äußerungsformen ausgemacht werden kann, die auch entscheidend das moderne Völkerrecht formen: die Subjekte des Völkerrechts, Rechtshandlungen zwischen diesen Subjekten, der Begriff eines überall als solchen geltenden Unrechts , das Kriegsrecht , das Recht einer Gemeinschaft verschiedener Völkerrechtssubjekte, das durch Vertragsbeziehungen begründet wird. Die besonderen Züge antiker Völkerrechtssysteme sieht der Autor in ihrem unilateralen Charakter, im Gegensatz zu dem bilateralen oder multilateralen Charakter moderner Völkerrechtsordnungen, darüberhinaus in der zentralen Bedeutung des Krieges in seiner Funktion als Instrument der Rechtsbehauptung und -durchsetzung und schließlich in dem nahezu völligen Fehlen einer Positivierung. Rechtliche Aussagen in antikem Völkerrecht pflegen aus vorpositiven Standards abgeleitet zu sein, die wiederum stark bestimmt werden durch Religion, Tradition und allgemeine Gerechtigkeits- oder Natur-der-Sache-Abwägungen. Im zweiten Teil zeigt der Autor, daß Grotius in seinem Hauptwerk in erheblichem Maße auf antiken Konzepten und ihren Autoren aufbaut, ohne sie allerdings unkritisch zu übernehmen. Die Untersuchung geht in zwei Schritten vor: zunächst wird im Rahmen einer Analyse des Referenzsystems der Umfang, in dem sich Grotius mit antiken und mit Autoren und Werken seiner Zeit befaßt, quantitativ ermittelt und bewertet. Hier findet der Autor eine intensive Auseinandersetzungen in beide Richtungen. Im nächsten Schritt erhärtet und substanziiert er dieses Ergebnis anhand der Erörterung von vier thematischen Komplexen: Grotius Interesse für die Quellen eines bindenden Völkerrechts, für die souveränen Völkerrechtssubjekte, für die Rechtstitel auf Territorialbesitz und schließlich für das Recht der Begrenzung von Kriegshandlungen, für das Neutralitätsrecht und für die Regeln des diplomatischen Verkehrs. Abschließend kommt der Autor zu dem Ergebnis, daß sich in Grotius Werk eine beeindruckende, wenn auch immer kritische Verbundenheit mit der ganzen literarischen Tradition aus dem Altertum offenbart - eine neuzeitliche Form der Völkerrechtsrezeption aus dem Altertum.With his main work De lure Belli ac Pacis, Hugo Grotius (1583-1645) is considered the founder of a systematic modern doctrine of international law. In the present classical-historical and legal-historical text Grotius' work is examined concerning its relation to the classical and early Christian period. In the first section, the author devotes himself to the question whether one may speak at all, even with regard to basic features, of a homogeneous classical international law and what its characteristic structures and peculiarities are. In this connection, he concludes that notwithstanding the plurality of classical legal approaches a canon of universal basic convictions pertaining to a variety of topics is discernable which also decisively shape modern international law: the subjects of international law, legal transactions between these suhjects, the concept of a universally assumed wrong, the laws of war, the law of a community of several suhjects of international law which are parties to a treaty. The author identifies as particular features of classical international law its unilateral character, in contrast to the bilateral and multilateral character of relations within the modern community of states, furthermore, the dominating position of war as an instrument to determine and secure rights as well as its almost complete lack of codification. Legal orientations in classical international law are derived from pre-positive standards, which are in turn characterized by religion, custom or argumentation based on justice / nature-of-things. In a second section, the author shows that Grotius draws decisive support in his main work from classical notions and their originators without, however, adopting them uncritically. The investigation proceeds in two steps: first, in analyzing his system of references, the scope of Grotius' concern with classical in comparison to contemporary writings is quantitatively ascertained and evaluated. Here, the author finds intensive reflection in both directions. Subsequently, he verifies and substantiates this conclusion in discussing four topic-complexes: Grotius' attention to the sources of a binding multilateral international law, to the subjects of international law, to titles to territorial claims, as well as to the law with respect to limitations on war, to neutrality and to diplomatic law. Ultimately, the author comes to the conclusion that an impressive although always critically considered relationship to the tradition of the classical authors manifests itself in Grotius' work, an early modern form of reception of classical law
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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