1,721,010 research outputs found
"Experimental Analysis of Fluid Flow and Surface Heat Transfer in a Three-Pass Trapezoidal Serpentine Smooth Passage",
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Modalità attuabili per il controllo dei pericoli nella filiera alimentare
No full textOgni anno nel mondo si riscontrano numerose patologie alimentari causate da microrganismi considerati emergenti
o riemergenti. Gli alimenti responsabili comprendono sempre più frequentemente prodotti tradizionali tipici, etnici,
derivanti da ristorazione tipo fast o slow food.
La maggior parte delle patologie alimentari si manifestano attraverso sintomi neurologici, gastrointestinali (diarrea
acquosa, sanguinolenta, o persistente) dolori addominali, nausea e vomito.
Le cause di tali epidemie, indipendentemente dal patogeno considerato, sono legate alla materia prima contaminata
o a contaminazioni durante la produzione degli alimenti e di conseguenza sono dovute alla mancata applicazione
delle più elementari prassi igieniche e al mancato controllo dei punti critici di controllo all’interno dei sistemi
HACCP (Hazard analysis critical control point). I prerequisiti per favorire la sicurezza dei prodotti alimentari consistono
nell’applicazione di buone pratiche di coltivazione, di allevamento e di produzione, l’impiego di sistemi
HACCP, la formazione degli addetti alle diverse filiere produttive e all’adozione dei sistemi di identificazione e tracciabilità.
Per favorire la salubrità degli alimenti che circolano in Europa la CEE ha introdotto il cosiddetto pacchetto
d’igiene, cioè una serie di regolamenti che impongono il controllo dell’alimento in ogni fase della sua produzione,
commercializzazione e consumo, dall’allevamento o coltivazione alla tavola del consumatore
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Molecular methods to evaluate biodiversity in Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis strains from different origins
No full textThe spore-forming genus Bacillus includes species of industrial, clinical and environmental significance. The possibility of differentiating between Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis, toxin producers associated with illness, is a real need in monitoring potentially contaminated foods to understand the real distribution of B. cereus/B. thuringiensis in different outbreak cases. As the use of DNA comparison obtains clearer results than classical microbiological methods in distinguishing B. cereus from B. thuringiensis in this work PCR-TTGE (Temporal Temperature Gradient gel Electrophoresis), rep-PCR and RAPD-PCR methods have been compared to assess the intra- and inter-specific variability of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis. 80 strains of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis isolated from food, patients and pesticides were analyzed using a gyrB gene DNA sequence in TTGE; primer M13 in the RAPD-PCR and primers REP1DT and REP2DT in the rep-PCR methods. A widespread distribution of the electrophoretic profiles was obtained either for B. cereus or for B. thuringiensis using TTGE. rep-PCR and RAPD-PCR were not always able to group strains from the same origin or belonging to the same species. The fingerprints obtained with the rep- and RAPD-PCR methods confirm the high intraspecific variability present in B. cereus and B. thuringiensis indicating the difficulty to discriminate between these two species in outbreak cases. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Microbiological Analyses of dry and slurry yeasts for brewing
No full textClassical microbiological methods in association with molecular methods (DNA amplification, Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TGGE) and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) were used. These methods, developed to rapidly analyze microbial communities on the basis of sequence-specific separation of DNA amplicons, allowed the detection of DNA differences in the amplicons tested and the identification of the strains analyzed by the comparison of unknown sequences with sequences of known species. TGGE allowed the comparison of the different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains used in brewing while DGGE allowed the identification of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in beer. These methods are a reliable tool for fast comparison of strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae collected from different craft breweries where they were used as starters to check the presence of possible yeast contaminants in the brewing process and for rapid LAB identification. © 2005 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling
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