300 research outputs found
Lo sviluppo della consulenza etica nei processi di HTA: i dati preliminari dell'esperienza dell'Istituto di Bioetica dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Roma)
No full textTitolo: Lo sviluppo della consulenza etica nei processi di HTA: i dati preliminari dell'esperienza dell'Istituto di Bioetica dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma.
Autori: SACCHINI D*, REFOLO P*, MINACORI R*, DI PIETRO ML*, RICCIARDI G**, LA TORRE G***, CICCHETTI A§, MARCHETTI M§§, AND SPAGNOLO AG*
Affiliazioni: * Istituto di Bioetica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (UCSC), Roma; ** Istituto di Igiene, UCSC, Roma; *** Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Igiene, Università di Roma "Sapienza" ; § Facoltà di Economia, UCSC, Roma; §§ Unità di Valutazione delle Tecnologie sanitarie, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Roma
Testo
La valutazione etica in un rapporto di Health Technology Assessment (HTA) concerne sia le questioni etiche sollevate dalla stessa tecnologia sia le questioni etiche che riguardano il processo di HTA. Anche se elencata come uno degli obiettivi dell’HTA, in pratica l'integrazione di questa dimensione in un report di HTA è stata, in passato, limitata.
Nel contesto italiano, già caratterizzato da un certo ritardo nella diffusione della HTA in generale, l'Istituto di Bioetica dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (UCSC), Roma, Italia, dal 2007 ha cercato di colmare - dal rispettivo punto di vista disciplinare - questa lacuna, cominciando a integrare le analisi etiche in report di HTA in una attività consulenziale, sulla scia di esperienze internazionali : in particolare nel Progetto EunetHTA (2006-2008) ed ,attualmente, nell’EUnetHTA Joint Action (2010-2012).
Il contributo intende mostrare i risultati preliminari dell’applicazione dell’expertise etico in diversi rapporti di HTA nel periodo 2007-2010. I seguenti elementi saranno presentati: 1. per descrivere le metodologie / procedure utilizzate per incorporare le analisi etiche in report di HTA; 2. per rivedere l'insieme delle questioni etiche trattate; 3. per visualizzare tutte le risorse coinvolte, 4. Analizzare, infine, le difficoltà sorte nella valutazione.
In conclusione, la prospettiva è quella di strutturare e consolidare procedure operative standard (SOPs) per la consulenza etica in un processo di HTA all’interno di un servizio consulenziale facente capo all’Istituto di Bioetica dell'UCSC
Professional Amateur
No full textUn breve saggio per inquadrare il metodo di lavoro di Fabio Novembre, designer e architetto italiano contemporaneo
Using randomized controlled trials to ask questions regarding developmental psychopathology: A tribute to Dante Cicchetti
No full textThis article was originally published in Development and Psychopathology. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579424000245. © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University PressDante Cicchetti, the architect of developmental psychopathology, has influenced so many of us in profound ways. One of his many contributions was in demonstrating the power of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to study the effects of Child–Parent Psychotherapy (CPP). These RCTs have shed light on causal mechanisms in development. Following Cicchetti and colleagues’ work, we designed a brief home visiting program, Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up (ABC), to help parents respond in sensitive, nurturing ways, so as to enhance children’s attachment and self-regulatory capabilities. In the current study, we assessed adolescents’ reports of the closeness of their relationships with their mothers 12 years after their mothers completed the intervention. A total of 142 adolescents participated (47 randomized to ABC, 45 randomized to a control intervention, and 50 from a low-risk comparison group). Adolescents whose mothers had been randomized to ABC reported closer relationships with their mothers than adolescents randomized to the control condition, with significant differences seen on approval, support, companionship, and emotional support subscales. Consistent with Cicchetti et al.’s work, these results provide powerful evidence of the long-term effects of an early parenting intervention.This research was supported by National Institute of Mental Health grant R01MH074374 to the last author. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank the children and families who participated in the research. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of child protection agencies in Philadelphia. The authors have declared that they have no competing or potential conflicts of interest
Uno sguardo diverso: immagini olandesi del Brasile
No full textLa Historia dell’erudito olandese Kaspar van Baerle (Caspari Barlaei, rerum per octennium in Brasilia et alibi nuper gestarum, sub praefectura illustrissimi comitis I. Mauritii Nassouiae ... historia. Amstelodami, ex typographeio Ioannis Blaeu, 1647), vera e propria cronaca della dominazione olandese in Brasile, fu pubblicata per la prima volta ad Amsterdam nel 1647 ed è dedicata al conte Johan Maurits (forse da lui stesso commissionata), del quale ripercorre l’operato mentre fu governatore del Brasile. È corredata da numerose illustrazioni, volte a fornire al lettore una visione reale di quanto viene riferito e di quanto si è osservato, attraverso la traduzione in immagine della parola
Il manoscritto autografo delle «Grandezas de Madrid» di Alonso Remón
No full textL’articolo costituisce un primo assedio al manoscritto IT VIT-163 della Biblioteca del Centre de Documentació i Museu de les Arts Escèniques dell’Institut del Teatre di Barcellona che tramanda la commedia autografa, a tutt’oggi inedita, Grandezas de Madrid (1606) del frate mercedario Alonso Remón, autore di numerose opere a carattere morale e religioso, ma che fu anche abile drammaturgo, degno della stima di notevoli esponenti del panorama letterario aureo, quali Lope de Vega, Miguel de Cervantes e Francisco de Quevedo. In vista dell’edizione critica, l’obiettivo è quello di individuare e ricostruire il processo di creazione e l’usus corrigendi di Remón e, contestualmente, di distinguere eventuali successivi interventi di mani estranee alla composizione dell’opera.The article constitutes a first study of the manuscript IT VIT-163 of the Library of the Centre de Documentació i Museu de les Arts Escèniques of the Institut del Teatre of Barcelona which contains the autograph comedy, still unpublished, Grandezas de Madrid (1606) by the Mercedarian friar Alonso Remón, author of numerous moral and religious works, but who was also a skilled playwright, worthy of the esteem of notable exponents of the Literary Golden Age, such as Lope de Vega, Miguel de Cervantes and Francisco de Quevedo. In view of the critical edition, the aim is to identify and reconstruct Remón’s process of creation and his usus corrigendi and, contextually, to distinguish any subsequent interventions by extraneous hands to the composition of the work
L’utilizzo di modelli decisionali per le valutazioni economiche dei farmaci in Italia: stato dell’arte e prospettive future
No full textTo appraise the methodological quality of the Italian pharmaco -
economic models.
Background: In most of the developed countries the institution of HTA
agencies has been one of the major concerns in order to support the decisions
for reimbursement of new drugs. Italy is experiencing a remarkable lack in
this field.
Design: 18 Italian models published between 1998 and 2005 selected using
EMBASE and MEDLINE search engines. Inclusion criteria: (a) Italian
nationality of the first author, (b) Italian baseline population. Studies were
appraised using the checklist developed by Philips et al. (2004).
Results: Although the alternatives and the basic framework of the
pharmacoeconomic models are usually well defined and specified, the studies
present a lack of data about treatment effects, utilities, analysis of uncertainty,
considerations about heterogeneity and generalisability of results.
Conclusion: Despite the high level of competence of the authors, the
pharmacoeconomic models quality is largely affected by the scarce interest
of Italian institutions for the use of ICER-based criteria, in favour of a priceminimization
one. The institutional use of ICER-based criteria should be
strongly recommended for a rational resource use in healthcare
Sociodemographic determinants of knowledge on the figure of radiologist: results of a survey in a large university hospital
No full textBackground: Despite overlaying an irreplaceable role as a key diagnostic tool in modern
medicine, the role of radiologist still appears to be unclear to patients.
Methods: We conducted a survey in outpatient clinic of Radiological Sciences Department of the
University Hospital “A. Gemelli” in Rome, aiming to assess how correctly patients identify the figure of
the radiologist. The patients were interviewed by the trained physician using structured questionnaire.
Results: We included the number of 259 patients. Majority were female 63.3%, most were 60-69
years old (24.3%), have finished second grade secondary school (35.1%) and were subjected to
magnetic resonance (28.6%) while the least were subjected to mammography (8.1%). Only 38.7%
answered correctly to question No 1 “Who performed your examination?”, and only 30.9% correctly
identified the radiologist as a person interpreting the exam (question No 2 “Who is going to interpret
your radiological examination?”). Overall, 16.8% responded correctly to the both questions.
Significantly less patients with primary school (OR: 0.18, CI 95% 0.06-0.49) and first grade secondary
school (OR: 0.37, CI 95% 0.18-0.75) correctly addressed the question No 1 in compare to those with
second grade secondary school. The first grade secondary education (OR: 0.43, CI 95% 0.20-0.92)
was inversely associated with correct answer to question No 2. Patients with primary education were
significantly less prone to give both correct answers (OR: 0.12, CI 95% 0.02-0.60).
Conclusion: We report insufficient knowledge among patients on radiologist’s role in healthcare
system. The level of knowledge is associated with level of education
The ethical assessment in HTA reports: the development and the evolution of the ethics consultation by Institute of Bioethics of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome (Italy)
No full textThe ethical assessment in HTA reports: the development and the evolution of the ethics consultation by Institute of Bioethics of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome (Italy)
The ethical assessment in an HTA report concerns both the ethical issues raised by the technology itself and the ethical issues that are related to the HTA process. Even though it is listed as one of the objectives of HTA, in practice the integration of this dimension into HTA reports has been often limited.
In the Italian context, already characterized by a certain delay in the diffusion of HTA, the Institute of Bioethics of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Rome, Italy) tried from 2007 to fill this gap, beginning to integrate ethical analyses into HTA reports in an activity of consulting for third parties.
The contribution intends to show the results of the ethics consultation in various HTA reports from 2007 to 2010. The following elements will be presented: 1. to describe the methodologies/procedures used to incorporate ethical analyses into HTA reports; 2. to review the set of ethical questions dealt with; 3. to show the resources involved; 4. to analyse the difficulties arose in the assessment.
Finally, the perspective is to set up an HTA ethics consultation within a broad ethics consultation service by Institute of Bioethics of UCSC
An Equivalent Circuit for EMI Prediction in Printed Circuit Boards Featuring a Straight-to-Bent Microstrip Line Coupling
No full textThe Impact of Socio-Economic Conditions on Individuals’ Health: Development of an Index and Examination of its Association with Three of the Most Frequently Registered Diseases in Lazio Region of Italy
No full textThis study examines spatial disparities and associations between the social deprivation
index (SDI) and Type 2 Diabetes, Dementia, and Heart Failure in Italy’s Lazio Region.
The primary goal is to assess how social deprivation impacts health inequalities by analys-
ing SDI-disease correlations. This retrospective study uses 2020 socioeconomic data and
2021 epidemiological indicators in Lazio Region, Italy. The SDI, constructed following
established guidelines, measures social deprivation. Statistical tools, including regression
models, Moran’s I test, and LISA techniques, are used to analyse spatial patterns. Uti-
lizing a retrospective approach, we merge 2020 socioeconomic and 2021 epidemiologi-
cal data for analysis. The SDI is computed using established methods. Spatial disparities
are explored through regression models, Moran’s I test, and LISA techniques. The study
reveals significant disparities in disease incidence. District V in Rome exhibits high Type 2
Diabetes (113.75/1000) and Heart Failure (37.98/1000) rates, while Marcetelli has elevated
Dementia incidence (19.74). Southern municipalities face high unemployment (up to 25%),
whereas bordering areas have higher education levels (30–60%). Disease hotspots emerge
in Rome and centre-north municipalities, aligning with social deprivation patterns. Regres-
sion models confirm the link between disease incidence and socioeconomic indicators. SDI
ranges from − 1.31 to + 10.01. This study underscores a correlation between social depriva-
tion and disease incidence. Further national-level research is essential to deepen our under-
standing of how social deprivation influences health outcomes, with potential implications
for addressing health disparities both regionally and nationally
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