71 research outputs found
The involvement of patients in the assessment of nursing students during their practical training: a scoping review
No full textUnlabelled: . The involvement of patients in the assessment of nursing students during their practical training: a scoping review. Introduction: In health care education, several experiences of patient involvement in students' assessment are documented internationally: this represents a challenge for nursing education. Objective: To analyze user involvement experiences in nursing student assessment in order to identify: a) potential benefits and challenges, b) assessment methods and tools, c) assessed skills. Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Methods and findings have been reported according to the PRISMA-ScR (Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) statement. Results: The results of the 22 included studies, published between 1995 and 2021, mainly in the United Kingdom and Europe, indicate that user' engagement is an experience that can be useful and meaningful. However, it is not without challenges such as the difficulty of providing critical feedback, student anxiety, and the investment of time and resources required. Assessments can be collected through scales, questionnaires, or interviews, focusing on interpersonal skills such as listening and respect, allowing tutors to gather surprising details about students' performance. Conclusions: Patients can provide original insights into nursing student's caring behaviors and can be a source of learning based on valuing the point of view of care receivers. Implementing patient participation in this process requires clarity, commited adherence and rigorous planning
Il contributo della “Clinica della formazione” nell’esplorazione dell’hidden curriculum : una ricerca-intervento con un gruppo di infermieri-formatori italiani
No full textIntroduction: the analysis of the hidden curriculum (Hc) is considered crucial to understand positive/negative influences on students’ learning about professionalism. Most studies have concentrated on students’ experience, while recently the inclusion
of Faculty in Hc analysis has been advocated.
Methods: in 2010, a purposive sample of 25 Italian Faculty, from twenty Italian nursing schools, was selected to explore participants’ previous training, representation of nurses’
current education, and their image of the nursing student. Data consisted of: written eaningful episodes about participant’s training, written critical analysis of the movie “An Officer and a Gentleman”, and drawings about participants’ representation of the student. Faculty were involved in data-analysis. Results: Faculty’s undergraduate training was mostly characterized by demeaning experiences, verbal violence and inadequate patient’s consideration. Nevertheless, in clinical contexts they also found positive models of caring that nurtured their resilience. The educational model depicted in the movie (violent and punitive) was in the end recognized as effective in making the cadets achieve their goals and building professional identity. Nursing students were mostly portrayed alone, struggling with the difficult path of the nursing curriculum.
Conclusions: our study illuminated some aspects of the so-called “evil Hc”, from the Faculty perspective. More research is needed on resources to cope with such a Hc
Laparoscopic surgery does not reduce the need for red blood cell transfusion after resection for colorectal tumour: a propensity score match study on 728 patients
No full textBackground: Patients with colorectal tumour often present with anaemia, and up to 60% will receive red blood cells (RBC) transfusion. Some evidence suggests a correlation between RBC transfusion and worse outcomes. Since laparoscopy minimizes intraoperative blood loss, we retrospectively investigated its role in reducing haemoglobin (Hb) drop and requirements for postoperative RBC transfusions. Methods: Patients were identified from consecutive cases undergone elective surgery for non-metastatic colorectal tumour between 2005 and 2019. Laparoscopic cases were matched 1:1 with open controls through propensity score matching (PSM). The main outcome measures were postoperative Hb drop and requirement for RBC. The secondary aim was evaluation of risk factors for postoperative RBC transfusions. Results: After application of PSM, 364 patients treated by laparoscopy were matched with 364 patients undergone open surgery. The two groups presented similar clinical and pathological characteristics, as well as comparable postoperative outcomes. 56 patients in the open group and 47 in the laparoscopic group required postoperative RBC (P = 0.395). No difference was observed in terms of mean number of RBC units (P = 0.608) or Hb drop (P = 0.129). Logistic regression analysis identified preoperative anaemia and occurrence of postoperative complications as relevant risk factors for postoperative RBC transfusion, while surgical approach did not prove statistically significant. Conclusion: Laparoscopy did not influence postoperative requirements for RBC transfusions after elective colorectal surgery. Preoperative anaemia and occurrence of postoperative complications represent the major determinants for postoperative transfusions after open as well as laparoscopic surgery
Translation without an original : style in the novels of Maurice S. Andrews, Joe Alex and Noël Randon
No full textTzw. "kryminał pseudo-zachodnioeuropejski" był wyjątkowym zjawiskiem literackim PRL. Pisana przez polskiego autora powieść miała udawać tłumaczenie – najczęściej z angielskiego. By osiągnąć złudzenie tłumaczenia, autor posługiwał się obco brzmiącym pseudonimem, zaś akcja toczyła się w Wielkiej Brytanii bądź Francji. W tym miejscu rodzi się pytanie czy autorom udało się imitować język tłumaczony (ang. translationese). W artykule poddano badaniu teksty powieści Macieja Słomczyńskiego alias Joe Alexa, Andrzeja Szczypiorskiego alias Maurice’a S. Andrewsa oraz Tadeusza Kwiatkowskiego alias Noëla Randona. Wyniki badań dowodzą, że Alex i Andrews potrafili imitować język tłumaczony, co nie udaje się Randonowi. Co więcej teksty Szczypiorskiego pisane pod własnym nazwiskiem i pod pseudonimem stylometrycznie zdają się być tekstami dwu różnych autorów.A so-called "Pseudo-Westeurpean crime story", was an unique phenomenon of the literature of communist Poland. Although written by a Polish writer in Polish it imitated a translation – chiefly from English but also French. In order to achieve this kind of deception the author signed it with a foreign pseudonym and placed the plot in the UK or France. Now, a question arises whether the authors were capable of imitating also translationese. The style of three authors (Maciej Słomczyński alias Joe Alex, Andrzej Szczypiorski alias Maurice S. Andrews, and Tadeusz Kwiatkowski alias Noël Randon) was examined. The stylometric analysis shows that Alex and Andrews, but not Randon, were successful in the imitation of translationese. Moreover Szczypiorski’s books signed by his name and by pseudonym stylometrically seem to be of different authors
Effect of peri-operative blood transfusions on long-term prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer
No full textBackground: Patients with colorectal cancer often present with anaemia and require red blood cell transfusions (RBCT) during their peri-operative course. Evidence suggests a significant association between RBCT and poor long-term outcomes in surgical patients, but the findings in colorectal cancer are contradictory. Material and methods: The aim of this retrospective, single-centre, cohort study was to investigate the prognostic role of peri-operative RBCT in a large cohort of patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer submitted to curative surgery between 2005 and 2017. The propensity score matching technique was applied to adjust for potential confounding factors. Results: Among 1,414 patients operated within the study period, 895 fulfilled the inclusion criteria: 29.6% (n=265) received peri-operative RBCT. The group that received peri-operative RBCT was significantly older (p<0.001), had more comorbidities (p<0.001), more advanced tumours (p<0.001) and more colon tumours (p=0.002) and stayed in hospital longer (p<0.001). Post-operative mortality was 7-fold higher (2.3 vs 0.3%, p=0.01) in this group. Survival outcomes were significantly worse in the group receiving RBCT than in the group not receiving RBCT for both overall (64.5 vs 80.1%, p<0.001) and cancer-specific survival (74.3 vs 85.1%, p<0.001). On multivariable analysis, peri-operative RBCT was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (hazard ratio 1.51, p=0.009). When transfused and non-transfused cases were paired through the propensity score matching technique considering main clinico-pathological features, no differences in overall and cancer-specific survival were found. Discussion: Our data suggest that, after adjustment for potential confounding factors, no significant association exists between RBCT and prognosis in colorectal cancer
A Nationwide Italian Cross-sectional Study on Nursing Students' Perceived Workplace Safety During Clinical Practice
No full textBackground: Nursing students' perception of a safe clinical working environment may impact the development of professional skills and progression in the profession. Purpose: The aims of this study were to describe to what extent nursing students perceive the working environments as safe during their most recent clinical rotation and to explore factors associated with their perception of a safe workplace environment. Methods: A nationwide Italian cross-sectional study involving 9607 students in 27 universities across 95 three-year nursing programs was performed in 2015-2016, and secondary analyses were run in 2019. Results: The workplace environment was perceived by students as only a little (n = 2598 [27.0%]), to some extent (n = 4048 [42.1%]), and always (n = 2555 [26.0%]) safe; 406 (4.2%) students reported to have never felt that the workplace as safe. At the multivariate level, factors promoting students' perception of a safe clinical environment were a setting offering higher (a) learning opportunities, (b) safety and nursing care quality, (c) quality of tutorial strategies, and (d) self-directed learning opportunities. Conclusions: Nursing faculty should assess the quality of clinical settings before deciding on environments for students' learning experience
The Lived Experience of Nursing Students with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Backgrounds in Italy: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study
No full textIntroduction: In recent decades, Italy has been exposed to significant migrant flows resulting from political and economic instability in neighbouring countries. As a result, there has been an increased amount of cultural and linguistic diversity (CALD) among nursing students. The aim of this study was to explore the experience of CALD nursing students as lived in the Italian nursing programmes. Method: A descriptive phenomenological method was used in 2017 with the involvement of a purposeful sample of 21 CALD nursing students in five Italian Bachelor of Nursing Science campuses. Data were collected using semistructured interviews; the subsequent content analysis was conducted by two independent researchers. Results: CALD nursing students reported having lived a transformative experience based on seven themes, from "living in the middle, between belonging and detachment" to "acquiring cultural awareness and cultural sensitivity." Discussion: Dealing with linguistic and cultural differences can affected CALD students' academic success, but also encourages them to develop awareness and cultural sensitivity by influencing their peers and the environment of the nursing programme. Therefore, having CALD students is a great value for nursing programmes. Nursing programmes should embody the values of cultural sensitivity and acceptance, including them as a nursing care value and as a concrete strategy to support CALD students. They should also develop strategies to promote the knowledge and responsibilities of nurses among CALD students and increase cultural sensitivity among faculty members at different levels
Nursing students' experience of the mental health setting as a clinical learning environment: Findings from a national study
No full textTo explore nursing students' perceptions of their clinical learning experiences in the mental health (MH) setting
Detecção de defeitos em rolamentos atraves do processamento e analise de sinais de vibrações
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro TecnologicoOs métodos de avaliação das condições de operação de máquinas através de monitoramento de vibrações tem desempenhado um importante papel na melhoria do desempenho e disponibilidade do equipamento, além de reduzir os custos de manutenção. Os rolamentos são elementos indispensáveis na maioria das máquinas. Além disso, nos métodos de manutenção convencionais é grande o desperdício de elementos que são substituídos estando ainda em bom estado, porquanto os rolamentos têm uma expectativa de vida tão dispersa que o intervalo entre manutenções deve ser menor que sua vida média, afim de evitar ou diminuir a possibilidade de falha catastrófica. Pelas razões acima, tem sido relatado que os maiores benefícios da instalação de sistema de monitoramento são conseguidos quando aplicados a rolamentos. A Técnica da Análise Espectral e a da Curtose para o monitoramento e diagnóstico de falhas em rolamentos são as mais ostensivamente relatadas. Neste trabalho é apresentado um modelo teórico para a variação do Coeficiente de Curtose com a rotação, além de um modelo simplificado para o espectro de um rolamento com defeito. Também é mostrada a determinação das expressões teóricas para a obtenção das frequências geradas pela rotação. As expressões teóricas para o Coeficente de Curtose foram comparadas com resultados experimentais. A despeito da simplicidade do modelo teórico, através dele puderam-se prever limitações na Técnica da Curtose as quais foram confirmadas pelos resultados experimentais. Dois novos parâmetros que consistem de uma modificação da Curtose foram propostos para melhorar a eficiência da Técnica da Curtose. Finalmente, foi feita uma aplicão simples da Técnica da Análise Espectral
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