1,720,972 research outputs found
Dall’armonizzazione all’interlegalità: la tutela dell’utente finale nella disciplina europea del diritto d’autore
No full textComplice la sua longevità, il diritto d’autore è in costante evoluzione. Motore del suo rinnovamento è oggi la tecnologia digitale, che ha introdotto nuove infrastrutture e prassi nella produzione e consumo di opere creative e ne ha messo in discussione numerosi profili normativi. L’ambiente digitale ha infatti acuito la contrapposizione tra autori ed utenti finali, polarizzando il dibattito pubblico e rimarcando la centralità del dilemmatico trade-off tra diritti di esclusiva ed accesso ai contenuti. Incapace di sciogliere tale nodo normativo da sé, il diritto d’autore europeo si interroga, in maniera sempre più ricorrente, sull’efficacia delle proprie disposizioni nel calibrare gli interessi in gioco in un contesto tecnologico in rapido cambiamento. A fronte di recenti riforme legislative ed una fiorente giurisprudenza, lo studio si sofferma sulla prospettiva dell’utente finale, contestualizzandola non solo all’interno del processo di armonizzazione ed “europeizzazione” del diritto d’autore attualmente in corso, bensì anche nel contesto digitale. Così facendo, l’analisi intende andare oltre le constatazioni relative alla persistente frammentazione territoriale della disciplina e pone enfasi sullo sfaccettato significato che la nozione di giusto equilibrio assume online. Richiamare l’attenzione sulle diverse razionalità normative coinvolte nella tutela dell’utente finale si dimostra un esercizio affine alla nozione di interlegalità, che ben ne inquadra le caratteristiche di concomitanza ed interdipendenza. L’utilità di tale approccio analitico si manifesta tanto sul piano descrittivo quanto su quello prescrittivo, mettendo in luce l’emergente e necessaria consapevolezza della normatività tecnologica quale legalità “altra” e concorrente nel definire il giusto equilibrio nel diritto d’autore europeo e digitale
Smart urban mobility: a positive or negative IP space? A case study to test the role of IP in fostering data-driven innovation
No full textNot all innovative processes rely on IP exclusive rights to incentivize and protect their content. While strategic considerations on the costs and convenience of IP enforcement generally play an important role, in specific sectors alternative norms and practices have proven more effective than exclusive rights in fostering progress by turning inclusivity into benefits, thus challenging IP protection at its core. At a first glance, the wide-ranging sector of digital data-driven innovations presents a twofold nature: on the one hand, they require remarkable investments, which likely call for a strict approach to IP rights; and on the other hand, they make interoperability and follow-up creations key factors of technological progress, thus valuing inclusivity in the enhancement of resource allocation and services.
Against this background, the paper aims to investigate the role and incentivizing potential of IP rights in the smart urban mobility context, which represents an innovative sector of remarkable social impact and is rapidly on the rise. By applying the conceptual framework of legal and economic theories exploring the so-called ‘IP negative spaces’, this study highlights strengths and weaknesses of the exclusive rights paradigm in the promotion and management of innovative ideas for advancing urban planning and life in European cities
Unsettled state of regulation: Italy’s hard path towards effective rules for the collaborative and sharing economy
No full textIn Chapter 14, Giulia Priora, Monica Postiglione, Stefano Valerio, Venere Sanna, and Chiara Bassetti, provide an overview of the development of the sharing economy in Italy, with a special focus on the main legal issues emerging from its consolidation. The authors also reflect on the main implications of the COVID-19 pandemic within the Italian sharing economy sector. The second part of the chapter focuses on analysing specific sharing economy activities, including mobility, accommodation, and food, among others. Furthermore, the chapter offers an account of the legislation related to the sharing economy in Italy and addresses a number of issues in regulating some of the sectors, e.g., accommodation. Finally, the chapter offers some policy recommendations,
such as clearly defining the role and obligations of platforms and service providers
Unsettled state of regulation: Italy’s hard path towards effective rules for the sharing economy
No full textThe principle of appropriate and proportionate remuneration in the CDSM Directive: A reason for hope?
No full textThe Opinion sheds light on Article 18 of the Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive recently enacted by the EU legislator. Deeming it to be important to trace the origin and evolution of the notion of fair remuneration within the EU copyright legal framework, the provision is first contextualized and subsequently analyzed in its merits. The author argues that, given its strengths and weaknesses, the principle of appropriate and proportionate remuneration is likely to result in a successful consolidation of the protection of authors and performers, national implementations permitting. In this light, Article 18 promises to represent an effective and function-based development in the modernization of EU copyright rules
Unsettled State of Regulation: Italy’s Hard Path Towards Effective Rules for the Sharing Economy
No full textIn Chapter 14, Giulia Priora, Monica Postiglione, Stefano Valerio, Venere Sanna, and Chiara Bassetti, provide an overview of the development of the sharing economy in Italy, with a special focus on the main legal issues emerging from its consolidation. The authors also reflect on the main implications of the COVID-19 pandemic within the Italian sharing economy sector. The second part of the chapter focuses on analysing specific sharing economy activities, including mobility, accommodation, and food, among others. Furthermore, the chapter offers an account of the legislation related to the sharing economy in Italy and addresses a number of issues in regulating some of the sectors, e.g., accommodation. Finally, the chapter offers some policy recommendations,
such as clearly defining the role and obligations of platforms and service providers
Copyright law and the promotion of scientific networks: some reflections on the rules on co-authorship in the EU
No full textIn the digital era the co-creation of content by several authors has become easier in a number of ways. Networks, the symbol of today’s information society, are reshaping and supporting our communication, education, creativity and professional development. Embracing the prospective of co-creators, this paper aims to provide a new insight into the on-going debate on the effectiveness of copyright rules in the European Union (EU). The focus lies on the scientific sector, which offers both empirical evidence of the co-production phenomenon and specific
policy goals set by the EU legislator with regard to collaborative knowledge production. The analysis shows how the EU copyright framework neither includes a comprehensive body of harmonized rules on co-authorship nor displays prospective plans to do so, while the related national regulations present highly diverging approaches. The paper highlights how the impact of this regulatory inhomogeneity is increasingly at odds with the policy objective of a collaborative and high-profile European Research Area, thus calling for a more substantial harmonization under an inclusive definition of co-author and an enhanced valorization of joint endeavours in the networked system of production of knowledge
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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