120 research outputs found
Language and Art Are One: Art, Life, and Politics as Action in Space
No full textOn May 1, 2014, the UNM Department of Spanish & Portuguese and the LAII co-sponsored a presentation with author, artist, and community activist Marcus Vinícius Faustini. Faustini discusses his work with youth in Rio de Janeiro\u27s favelas, where he collaborates with them to develop socio-cultural initiatives that will positively impact his society.https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/laii_events/1069/thumbnail.jp
First genetic detection and characterization of canine parvovirus type 2 (Carnivore protoparvovirus 1) in southwestern Ethiopia
No full textThe species Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 includes viruses, e.g. canine parvovirus (CPV-2) and feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), which are among the most relevant for pets, causing extremely severe clinical signs and high fatality rate in dogs and cats. Moreover, a broad range of wild hosts, including endangered ones, were proven to be susceptible. Currently, no data on CPV-2 molecular epidemiology and strain characterization are available in Ethiopia, also considering the frequent contacts between domestic and wild populations. In the present study, a molecular epidemiology survey was performed on 92 fecal samples collected from domestic (n = 84) and stray (n = 8) dogs in southwestern Ethiopia in 2021. Approximately, 10% of the samples tested positive and the complete VP2 sequences of 5 strains were obtained, classified within the CPV-2a (n = 1) and CPV-2c (n = 4) antigenic variants. In most instances, the closest genetic relatives were strains of Chinese origin, which is fully compatible with the intense relationships that have been developing between the two countries, involving human being travels and their pets as well. Considering the clinical relevance of this infection and the risk it poses to local domestic and wild carnivore populations, especially endangered ones, much stronger monitoring and surveillance activity on foreign incoming animals should be performed. More strict constraints on animal introduction, e.g. compulsory vaccination, should also be considered
Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of PCV2 Circulating in Wild Boars in Southwestern Ethiopia
No full textPorcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the most relevant infectious agents affecting domestic pigs. Recently, a surprising PCV2 genetic heterogenicity has been reported in Africa. Nevertheless, the knowledge of the epidemiology of PCV2 in African countries, in both domestic and wild species, is limited and sparse. Having this in mind, in the present study, the PCV2 circulation and its molecular epidemiology in Southwestern Ethiopia have been investigated by collecting 64 samples from domestic pigs, wild boars, and warthogs. PCV2 genome presence was detected and quantified using qPCR and ORF2 sequencing was attempted on positive samples. Ten samples, 8 wild boars, 1 domestic pig, and 1 warthog, tested PCV2 positive. Complete ORF2 sequences were obtained from 5 wild boars; 4 of those were classified as PCV2d and 1 as PCV2b. Both PCV2b and PCV2d were related to strains of Asian origin, most commonly from China. The role of this country in the exportation of PCV2 strains in Ethiopia, and Africa in general, might be supported by the crescent economic relationship between the two continents. The obtained evidence also testifies to the inadequacy and/or poor application of biosecurity measures separating wild and domestic animals. Further, extensive and systematic studies should be performed to more deeply characterize the molecular epidemiology of PCV2 in this region, in order to improve our understanding of these ecological niches in the evolution and dispersal of PCV2
Escrevendo-se na cidade: Exu e o Guia afetivo da periferia, de Marcus Vinicius Faustini
No full textIn the preface to the inaugural book of Marcos Vinicius Faustini, Luiz Eduardo Soares says: “The movement of Faustini’s text is sinuous as his urban trajectories, and devious as his existential journey”. This statement opens quite provocative perspectives on the phenomenological conception present Faustini’s narrative. This paper analyzes how Faustini creates a narrator/actor who, instead of writing the city, writes himself on it. With this performative movement, the author contrasts the common tendency to divide the urban space in center x periphery, city x slum, hill x asphalt. Using the mythology of Afro-Brazilian religions, I analyze how the narrator/actor of Guia Afetivo da Periferia incorporates features of the Orixá Exú and consubstantiates the city phenomenologically.No texto de prefácio ao livro inaugural de Faustini, Luiz Eduardo Soares diz que: “O movimento do texto de Faustini é sinuoso como suas trajetórias urbanas, e tortuoso como seu percurso existencial.” Essa afirmação abre perspectivas bastante provocantes sobre a concepção fenomenológica presente no texto dessa narrativa inaugural de Faustini. Neste trabalho procuramos analisar como Faustini constrói um narrador/ator que, em vez de escrever a cidade, inscreve-se nesta, contrapondo, com esse movimento performativo, a tendência comum de dividir o espaço urbano em centro x periferia, cidade x favela, asfalto x morro. Valendo-me da mitologia das religiões afro-brasileiras, analiso como o narrador/ator do Guia afetivo da periferia incorpora características do Orixá Exu e consubstancia uma fenomenologia da cidade
Escrevendo-se na cidade: ExueoGuia afetivoda periferia, de Marcus Vinicius Faustini
No full textn the preface to the inaugural book of Marcos Vinicius Faustini, Luiz EduardoSoares says: ―The movement of Faustini’stext is sinuous as his urbantrajectories, and devious as his existential journey‖. This statement opens quiteprovocative perspectives on the phenomenological conception presentFaustini’s narrative. This paper analyzes how Faustini creates a narrator/actorwho, instead of writing the city, writes himself on it. With this performativemovement, the author contrasts the common tendency to divide the urban spacein center x periphery, city x slum, hill x asphalt. Using the mythology of Afro-Brazilian religions, I analyze how the narrator/actor ofGuia Afetivo da Periferiaincorporates features of the Orixá Exú and consubstantiates the cityphenomenologically
Conflicting Evidence between Clinical Perception and Molecular Epidemiology: The Case of Fowl Adenovirus D
No full textSimple Summary The present study demonstrates the role of intensive poultry production in the rise of fowl adenovirus (FAdV), similar to what occurred for several multifactorial viral diseases of livestock. Although effective in limiting viral circulation, the applied control strategies, likely shaped its evolution. In fact, after the development and application of FAdV vaccines, an increase in evolutionary rate was observed and several sites and regions of the Hexon protein were proven under a significant pervasive or episodic diversifying selection, especially those exposed on the viral surface and target of the host response. The notion that FAdV has increased in relevance in the last years could thus be a misleading perception related to an increased diagnostic capability and awareness of the topic. Alternatively, a limited number of flocks could be more severely affected because of the waning population immunity. Further efforts should be devoted to the acquisition of more molecular data on other geographic regions and FAdV species, also to assess the representativeness of the present results on a broader scale.Abstract Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs, species FAdV-A/-E) are responsible for several clinical syndromes reported with increasing frequency in poultry farms in the last decades. In the present study, a phylodynamic analysis was performed on a group of FAdV-D Hexon sequences with adequate available metadata. The obtained results demonstrated the long-term circulation of this species, at least several decades before the first identification of the disease. After a period of progressive increase, the viral population showed a high-level circulation from approximately the 1960s to the beginning of the new millennium, mirroring the expansion of intensive poultry production and animal trade. At the same time, strain migration occurred mainly from Europe to other continents, although other among-continent connections were estimated. Thereafter, the viral population declined progressively, likely due to the improved control measures, potentially including the development and application of FAdV vaccines. An increase in the viral evolutionary rate featured this phase. A role of vaccine-induced immunity in shaping viral evolution could thus be hypothesized. Accordingly, several sites of the Hexon, especially those targeted by the host response were proven under a significant pervasive or episodic diversifying selection. The present study results demonstrate the role of intensive poultry production and market globalization in the rise of FAdV. The applied control strategies, on the other hand, were effective in limiting viral circulation and shaping its evolution
Reconstruction of Avian Reovirus History and Dispersal Patterns: A Phylodynamic Study
No full textAvian reovirus (ARV) infection can cause significant losses to the poultry industry. Disease control has traditionally been attempted mainly through vaccination. However, the increase in clinical outbreaks in the last decades demonstrated the poor effectiveness of current vaccination approaches. The present study reconstructs the evolution and molecular epidemiology of different ARV genotypes using a phylodynamic approach, benefiting from a collection of more than one thousand sigma C (σC) sequences sampled over time at a worldwide level. ARVs’ origin was estimated to occur several centuries ago, largely predating the first clinical reports. The origins of all genotypes were inferred at least one century ago, and their emergence and rise reflect the intensification of the poultry industry. The introduction of vaccinations had only limited and transitory effects on viral circulation and further expansion was observed, particularly after the 1990s, likely because of the limited immunity ..
First Evidence of a New Porcine Parvovirus Species in Italy: A Survey of Reproductive Failure Outbreaks
No full textEndoscopic transsphenoidal approach as a promising surgical option in the treatment of craniopharyngioma
No full text10.1530/endoabs.32.P85
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