275 research outputs found
I genitori raccontano
No full textIl contributo prende in esame le voci, le parole e le micro-storie di genitori di ragazzi con disabilità. Questi stessi genitori che hanno partecipano attivamente alla costruzione dell'intero volume, ripercorrono le tracce del loro percorso familiare e all'interno della Cooperativa Sociale nella quale hanno trovato in Kepos un luogo di confronto, conforto e professionalità per rispondere al bisogno sempre più complesso dell'essere genitori oggi e, ancor più, dell'essere genitori di figli disabil
Fake news language analysis and detection via a text mining approach
No full textFake news has become a growing threat to society because of the speed at which they spread and the impact they have on the shaping of people’s opinions and decisions. In recent years, misinformation on the Internet and social
media has found a perfect breeding ground for people to comment, elaborate and share fake news without external control. Finding a way to detect and prevent the spread of fake information has indeed become a pressing issue in the literature, to understand the characteristics of the Fake News phenomenon in the 2016 US presidential election
in light of the upcoming 2024 election. In this research paper, a general statistical framework combining machine learning and natural language processing techniques is proposed. The statistical model is trained on the ISOT Fake
News dataset, which contains labelled fake and real articles from 2016 to 2017 and uses Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic-document distributions as input to various classifiers, to obtain a list of topics and their predictive impact on news manipulation. The aim of this research is also to identify a super-structure of identified topics by
using cluster analysis, to derive clusters of topics that can describe the macro-subjects associated with Fake News. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed framework, which achieves high accuracy,
precision and recall rates in identifying fake news by using as predictors both LDA topic inputs and identified cluster labels for classification. This research successfully contributes to the development of a more consistent Fake news detection system by providing additional insights into this alarming phenomenon
Detecting Fake News from Text: A Stagewise Methodology
No full textFake news is a lasting issue in our society due to their propagation
speed and their impact on public opinion. In recent years, the
internet and social media have offered a perfect ground for misinformation
to spread, as people can comment, elaborate and share fake news
without any control. Consequently, detecting and preventing the dissemination
of fake information has indeed become a pressing policy issue to
tackle. For this reason, in this paper we briefly review existing fake news
datasets and we present an integrated statistical methodology for fake
news detection, based on text mining and classification. An application
on the ISOT Fake News dataset, regarding 2016 US presidential elections,
shows that ensemble methods are the most reliable in classifying
fake news articles from their textual content
Invasive mosquito vectors in Europe: From bioecology to surveillance and management
No full textInvasive mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) play a key role in the spread of a number of mosquito-borne diseases worldwide. Anthropogenic changes play a significant role in affecting their distribution. Invasive mosquitoes usually take advantage from biotic homogenization and biodiversity reduction, therefore expanding in their distribution range and abundance. In Europe, climate warming and increasing urbanization are boosting the spread of several mosquito species of high public health importance. The present article contains a literature review focused on the biology and ecology of Aedes albopictus, Ae. aegypti, Ae. japonicus japonicus, Ae. koreicus, Ae. atropalpus and Ae. triseriatus, outlining their distribution and public health relevance in Europe. Bioecology in-sights were tightly connected with vector surveillance and control programs targeting these species. In the final section, a research agenda aiming for the effective and sustainable monitoring and control of invasive mosquitoes in the framework of Integrated Vector Management and One Health is presented. The WHO Vector Control Advisory Group recommends priority should be given to vector control tools with proven epidemiological impact
Behavior-based control tools against Tephritidae flies infesting soft fruits: a review
No full textSoft fruits are economically important crops for many areas worldwide and are sensitive to a large number of arthropod pests, including several Tephritidae flies. Since soft fruits are consumed by a broad array of consumers, high safety standards are required to improve health requirements. In particular, develop of new eco-friendly strategies to control tephritid pests is recommended. Behavioral ecology in Tephritidae is widely investigated, but little is known about their pre-courtship and mating behavior. Here we focused on reviewing current knowledge about sexual communication in tephritids infesting soft fruits (TISF). Firstly, we reviewed lek dynamics and male-male aggression in TISF occurring in precourtship
behaviors. Thus, mating behavior sequences were examined, with special reference to physical (visual, vibrational and acoustical) and chemical cues (sex pheromones and parapheromones) leading mating dynamics. Lastly, current and potential IPM applications to control TISF are delineated, specially focusing to improvement of monitoring, to sterile
insect technique and “lure and kill” tools, including improvement of male annihilation technique with the application of sprayable specialized pheromones and lures
Behavior-based control tools against Tephritidae flies infesting soft fruits: a review
No full textSoft fruits are economically important crops for many areas worldwide and are sensitive to a large number of arthropod pests, including several Tephritidae flies. Since soft fruits are consumed by a broad array of consumers, high safety standards are required to improve health requirements. In particular, develop of new eco-friendly strategies to control tephritid pests is recommended. Behavioral ecology in Tephritidae is widely investigated, but little is known about their pre-courtship and mating behavior. Here we focused on reviewing current knowledge about sexual communication in tephritids infesting soft fruits (TISF). Firstly, we reviewed lek dynamics and male-male aggression in TISF occurring in precourtship
behaviors. Thus, mating behavior sequences were examined, with special reference to physical (visual, vibrational and acoustical) and chemical cues (sex pheromones and parapheromones) leading mating dynamics. Lastly, current and potential IPM applications to control TISF are delineated, specially focusing to improvement of monitoring, to sterile
insect technique and “lure and kill” tools, including improvement of male annihilation technique with the application of sprayable specialized pheromones and lures
TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - Sergio
No full textThis study is the fifth of a series of seven and belongs to the second Italian systematic replication of findings from previous series that investigatedthe effectiveness of a manualized Transactional Analysistreatment for depression through Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design.The therapist was a white Italian woman with 5years of clinical experience and the patient, Sergio, was a 39-year old white Italian man who attended sixteen sessions of transactional analysis psychotherapy. Sergio satisfied DSM 5 criteria for Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) with melancholic features, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) with Obsessive Personality traits. The treatment focused on the permission to enjoy and on self-protection. The focus on both depressive symptoms and obsessive traits allowed a remission of his dysthymia within the end of therapy. The judges evaluated the case as a good outcome: the depressive and anxious symptomatology clinically and reliably improved over the course of the therapy and these improvements weremaintained at the followups. Furthermore, the patient reported significant change in his post-treatment interview and these changes were directly attributed to the therapy.
Citation - APA format:
Benelli, E., Gentilesca, G., Boschetti, D., Piccirillo, C., Calvo, V., Mannarini, S., Palmieri, A. and Zanchetta, M. (2018). TA Treatment of Depression: A Hermeneutic Single-Case Efficacy Design Study - Sergio. International Journal of Transactional Analysis Research & Practice, 9(2), 23-41 https://doi.org/10.29044/v9i2p2
Green nanoemulsion interventions for biopesticide formulations
No full textThe development of sustainable and ecofriendly pest management strategies is a major challenge for modern parasitology and entomology. The current overuse of conventional synthetic pesticides is causing several hazards for both human and environmental safety. Nowadays, there is a growing interest to develop novel and effective botanical pesticides with reduced ecological side effects as compared to synthetic pesticides. It has been well known for at least two millennia that botanical substances such as herbal extracts and essential oils (EOs) possess insecticidal, acaricidal, and antimicrobial properties. EOs—a mixture of several small-sized, volatile, and lipophilic active ingredients—are particularly effective in pest and vector control. Their poor physiochemical properties impede their large-scale widespread use. Nanotechnology is one of the most helpful and innovative means to address this problem. In particular, the encapsulation of biopesticide EOs inside nanoemulsions ensures the stability and protection of components, the controlled and sustained release of active ingredients, and an increase of biological activity. The major challenges for the development of EO nanoemulsion-based pesticides are discussed here. The combination of “green” pesticides and nanotechnology represents one of the most suitable tools to develop eco-friendly control routes in the field of integrated pest/vector management
Early adult learning affects host preferences in the tephritid parasitoid Psyttalia concolor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
No full textParasitic wasps rely on a hierarchy of stimuli to
locate their hosts. Olfactory cues from the natal host complex
affect parasitoid preferences and can be learned by
parasitoids during larval stages and the early adult stage.
While the existence of pre-imaginal conditioning has been
documented in several braconid aphid parasitoids, no evidence
has yet been provided for parasitic wasps attacking
Tephritidae. Psyttalia concolor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
is a koinobiont larval–pupal endoparasitoid of tephritid flies.
In this study, we evaluated the influence of larval and early
adult experience on subsequent host seeking in P. concolor
females. Parasitoids were reared using Ceratitis capitata or
Bactrocera oleae larvae as hosts, and emerging wasp adults
were tested for host preferences in two-choice bioassays. P.
concolor females preferred to oviposit in, and had higher
oviposition success rates on the natal host. When P. concolor
females were excised from their host puparia, preventing
them from chewing emergence holes, they lost their
natal host preference, solidifying the evidence of early adult
learning for host selection. This study adds to the growing
body of basic knowledge on braconid host-location behavior.
From an applied point of view, training procedures for
early adult learning has potential for use in mass rearing of
parasitoids employed in biological control programs against
tephritid flies
Lek dynamics and cues evoking mating behavior in tephritid flies infesting soft fruits: implications for behavior-based control tools
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