43 research outputs found
Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola y el patio semicircular de la Villa Giulia en Roma - Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola and the semi-circular courtyard of Villa Giulia in Rome
No full textThe survey, analysis and study campaign of the semicircular courtyard of Villa Giulia in Rome was conducted with a view to examining in depth the attributions to the architect Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola not only of the design and execution of the part called “Casino”, but also of the conception of a grandiose general project only partially realized. The general objective was therefore to understand, starting from the study of the shape and dimension derived from the interpretation of the data of a survey, the ideation process underlying the construction to trace the generating criteria of the formal configuration and the compositional dynamics that substantiate the hypotheses of attribution to Vignola.La campaña de relevamiento, análisis y estudio del patio semicircular de la Villa Giulia en Roma se llevó a cabo con el propósito de ampliar el conocimiento en las atribuciones del arquitecto Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, no solo en cuanto al diseño y ejecución de la parte denominada “Casino”, sino también en la concepción de un proyecto general grandioso que solo se materializó parcialmente. El objetivo general fue, por lo tanto, comprender, a partir del estudio de la forma y
las dimensiones derivadas de la interpretación de los datos del relevamiento, el proceso de concepción subyacente a la construcción, con el fi n de rastrear los criterios generadores de la configuración formal y las dinámicas compositivas que respaldan las hipótesis de atribución a Vignola
Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola y el patio semicircular de la Villa Giulia en Roma
No full textLa campaña de relevamiento, análisis y estudio del patio semicircular de la Villa Giulia en Roma se llevó a cabo con el propósito de ampliar el conocimiento en las atribuciones del arquitecto Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, no solo en cuanto al diseño y ejecución de la parte denominada “Casino”, sino también en la concepción de un proyecto general grandioso que solo se materializó parcialmente. El objetivo general fue, por lo tanto, comprender, a partir del estudio de la forma y las dimensiones derivadas de la interpretación de los datos del relevamiento, el proceso de concepción subyacente a la construcción, con el fi n de rastrear los criterios generadores de la confi guración formal y las dinámicas compositivas que respaldan las hipótesis de atribución a Vignola
Simplified modeling and main constitutive parameters estimation for industrial emulsion copolymerization processes
No full textIn this work, the modeling of complex industrial copolymerization processes and their relative main constitutive parameters estimation were considered. Since at industrial scale different monomer types (acrylates, vinyls, and so on) are generally involved, it was necessary to both simplify the modeling considering only one pseudo-monomer species to polymerize and propose, using simple theoretical and experimental correlations, a set of rate constants for the main traditional steps of the radical emulsion reactions chain. Particularly, these estimated parameters were then inserted into a system of ordinary differential equations expressing all balances and control actions aimed to simulate the full plant synthesis. Finally, the proposed model together with all the constitutive parameters estimates were validated through the comparison with both literature and new experimental data of reactions carried out in both batch and semibatch reactors using both only one or multiple monomers species (proposed model). Obtained results confirmed the reliability of the parameters estimation
Compositional changes by SIMS and XPS analyses on fresh and aged Roman-like glass
No full textThis study reports important analytical evidence of an unusual non-uniform element distribution in the superficial layers of glass matrices (from few nm up to 1 μm). The unforeseen observation was made on silica-soda-lime glass mock-ups before and after their artificial ageing, using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) surface analysis techniques. The analyses showed a marked non-homogeneous element distribution at the glass surface. The results indicated a very low concentration of Na at the surface up to a depth of around 500 nm below the surface, where its concentration increases reaching a plateau. In addition, the profile distribution of H in the first 200 nm of the pristine glass surface indicated a diffusion of hydrogen from the surrounding environment to the glass network. Additional modifications during the glass ageing process related to external factors (such as temperature and humidity) were also identified in relation to sodium atoms, with atoms on the glass surface showing a different chemical state from those in the bulk. This study confirms that glass composition as well as glass alteration are non-homogeneous locally supporting the importance of studying glass surface as region of interaction with surrounding environment
The Sustainability of Adaptive Envelopes: Developments of Kinetic Architecture
No full textAbstractThe paper presents an overview of adaptable envelopes and shading systems applied in contemporary architecture; it offers a study of different design approaches and a brief analysis of exemplifying case studies. The aim of the research is the gathering of built examples relevant to outlining a state of the arts of adaptive façade systems and also understanding their environmental performances. Nowadays two different trends emerge in building development. On the one side the new challenge is given by the possibility to reconfigure the new spaces following environmental changes and users needs, while on the other the focus is on the increase of efficiency and the optimisation of materials for reducing energy consumptions in constructions. The building envelope is the primary subsystem through which external conditions and environmental changes can be regulated and therefore acquires great relevance in the development of new approaches to sustainable building solutions. In this review paper several examples are shown and compared, understanding the search for dynamics applied in architecture and the effectiveness from an environmental sustainability point of view
Review on the Influence of Biological Deterioration on the Surface Properties of Building Materials: Organisms, Materials, and Methods
No full textA strong attention is recently paid to surface properties of building materials as these allows controlling solar gains of the building envelope and overheating of buildings and urban areas. In this regard, deterioration phenomena due to biological aggression can quickly damage solar-reflecting roof surfaces and thus increase sharply solar gains, discomfort, air-conditioning costs and waterproofing degradation. The same deterioration problem has deleterious effect on cultural heritage, ruining its huge historic and artistic value. This work is aimed at providing an overview on the different organisms that affect the surface of most used building materials, to support the design of new building materials with long-lasting surface properties and to find a way to preserve cultural heritage. Artificial ageing is the long-term aim of this investigation, in which what in nature happens after months or years is compressed in a very short time by forcing the growth of microorganisms through a strict control on the different conditioning factors. Both natural and artificial ageing are eventually outlined in the last part of this work to provide a comprehensive idea of what is necessary to study in a complete way biological ageing protocols on building materials. Several characterization techniques are also introduced to analyse the influence of microorganisms on the surface of different building materials
Tema con variazioni. A proposito di due disegni cinquecenteschi per villa Giulia
No full textTra i molti disegni riguardanti Villa Giulia redatti a fini di studio, di progetto, o di rilievo, poco interesse hanno suscitato due fogli appartenuti al bolognese Ottaviano Mascarino (1536-1606), allievo di Jacopo Barozzi da Vignola (1507-1573), uno dei maestri cui può ricondursi l’ideazione della villa.
Di mano diversa, raffigurano entrambi particolari in alzato: il primo, in proiezione ortogonale e acquarellato, è di alta qualità grafica; il secondo, con scorci prospettici, tracciato semplicemente a penna, è molto meno raffinato. Compaiono nel più antico inventario dell’Accademia di San Luca (1712) insieme ad una pianta identificabile con lo scomparso «disegno White», l’importante masterplan della villa. Entrambi i disegni sono legati al cantiere, seppur non facilmente classificabili quanto a tipologia. Alla base dell’uno e dell’altro si possono individuare alcuni particolari dell’edificio reale: il portale principale, per quello acquarellato, e la finestra nord del piano terra (la stessa che compare sul prospetto della medaglia commemorativa di Giulio III, che documenta un progetto poi modificato), per l’altro. Il disegno del portale, con una scritta che lo riferisce alla «vigna di Papa Giulio III», si differenzia da quello dell’odierna facciata per l’assenza delle nicchie laterali e del registro superiore: potrebbe trattarsi di un altro portale, oggi scomparso, d’ingresso ad una vigna facente parte del complesso.
L’analisi dei due disegni e della loro finalità permette di comprendere meglio la storia della villa romana
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[Caryatids]
No full textPhotograph of the Villa Giulia in Rome, Italy. The fountain court is visible in the foreground. In the court, stone caryatids support the balcony above. Other sculptures are visible in the niches of the courtyard. The villa was designed by Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola
schede filologiche su Villa Giulia: G. A. Dosio, Veduta di Roma da nord, H. Cock, Villa Giulia, veduta del fronte ovest del ninfeo, id., Villa Giulia, veduta del fronte ovest del ninfeo, Anonimo, Pianta di Villa Giulia (da Lafrery), G. B. Cavalieri Incisioni di statue di Villa Giulia (con Georg Schelbert), G. M. Oppenord, Tre disegni di villa Giulia (con G. Bonaccorso), G. Stern, Piante elevazioni profili spaccati degli edifici della Villa suburbana di Giulio III fuori la porta Flaminia Misurati e delineati da Giovanni Stern, P. M. Letarouilly, Villa Giulia, tre vedute, da: Edifices de Rome moderne...”,
No full textpp. 184-91, 192-95
Correlations between welfare initiatives and breastfeeding rates: a 10-year follow-up study.
No full textAIM: To evaluate the prevalence of full breastfeeding during the first 6 months of age and to discover if training programs for health caregivers and welfare initiatives at the community level could improve breastfeeding rates.METHODS: Newborn babies with gestational age > or =36 weeks and birth weight > or =2500 g, discharged from the hospital within the first week of life, without any underlying pathologies, were enrolled in 3-month long sample periods between 1997 and 2006. A questionnaire was distributed to the mothers, to be completed and submitted before hospital discharge. Data were collected from phone interviews at 1, 3 and 6 months.RESULTS: Full breastfeeding rates at hospital discharge showed an oscillation between 69.9% and 87%. The rate decreased in the following months and reached very low levels at 6 months of age (< 24%), with the exception of the last sample period in 2006 (44.9%).CONCLUSION: A simple questionnaire, combined with standardized phone interviews, can be easily reproduced and may be used as an indicator for quality of neonatal care at hospital nurseries. A social and cultural change of the whole community towards breastfeeding promotion will result in increasing breastfeeding rates
