55 research outputs found
Perinatal affective disorders in fathers and their effects on mothers and children
No full textDuring the perinatal period affective alterations in fathers, like Paternal Perinatal Depression, are very frequent (ranging from 2% to 31%, with a mean of 10.4 %), but occur differently than in women and they are often under-assessed or undiagnosed. Depressive symptoms in fathers tend to be less severe, less definite, and often occur in comorbidity with anxiety disorders, alteration of illness behavior and behavioral acting outs like anger attacks. Moreover, in the perinatal period the mother’s and father’s emotional states are linked and empirical research has found a significant correlation between maternal and paternal depression.
Some research data will be presented:
1. Fathers whose partner have suffered from affective disorders during post-partum (maternity blues or post-partum depression) show anxiety (p= .02), depressive symptoms (p= .01) and worry about their own health and paternal role up to the fifth month of pregnancy (Baldoni et al. 2014);
2. If the male is anxious, depressed or hostile during the In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer Procedure (IVF-ET), women tend to manifest more severe affective disorders, anxiety and somatization independently of the success of the procedure (Baldoni et al. not published);
3. In researches using the CARE-Index (a video recorded procedure for the study of the parent-child relationship) depression, low sensitivity and insecure attachment forerunners in fathers negatively influence the psycho-motor development of the child (p= .01) (Baldoni et al. 2012).
These results suggest that anxious or depressed fathers, or those with behavioral problems, may hamper the emotional equilibrium of their companion and the development of a good mother-child relationship. In these cases, a lack of a paternal protective function as “secure base” can foster an affective disorder in the mother and negatively influence the attachment relationships and the psychosomatic development of the child
Perinatal affective disorders: towards a gender-based assessment
No full textPerinatal affective disorders, such as Perinatal Depression, are very common, but for the screening and clinical assessment of these complex disorders it is necessary to use specific tools that consider gender differences and take into account other aspects, such as anxiety symptoms, illness behavior, irritability, behavioral acting outs like the anger attacks, addiction, and the quality of the couple relationship. In fact, the most common and usual screening tools in this field are developed considering female over male signs and symptoms. Only in recent years, the growing concern on paternal mental health during the perinatal period have pushed some researchers to develop different and specific screening and assessment tools for fathers, such as the Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA). In a recent cross-sectional study (Baldoni et al. 2022) with a 3-month test-retest involving 385 Italian fathers, the PAPA showed adequate reliability and internal consistency as well as acceptable test–retest indices. A single factor common to the male disorder was evidenced at confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was also confirmed by significant correlations between PAPA total score and standardized test scores. Italian validation data provide initial evidence of validity and reliability of the PAPA as a simple screening tool to detect affective disorders in fathers during the perinatal period. The Perinatal Assessment of Maternal Affectivity (PAMA) is a modified version of the PAPA specifically developed for the mother: the items and the scores are the same, with only a few differences in the formulation of some questions, as the aim of the PAMA is the global assessment of the maternal affectivity during the perinatal period. The psychometric properties of the PAMA were examined also. A study (Baldoni et al. 2023), based on 225 mothers and their partners, used a cross-sectional design with a single assessment at the third trimester of pregnancy. Results confirmed for the PAMA acceptable reliability and internal consistency. The fit of the one-factor model, confirmed for the PAPA, was not satisfactory for the PAMA. The findings suggest the usefulness of developing gender sensitive screening tools for the detection of perinatal affective disorders
Influenza del padre sugli stati mentali materni: una indagine perinatale.
No full textIntroduzione: Per indagare l’espressione dei disturbi affettivi paterni e la loro relazione con quelli materni abbiamo condotto una ricerca su un campione di 60 coppie di genitori valutandoli dal secondo trimestre di gravidanza a tre mesi dopo il parto.
Metodo: In quattro occasioni (al V mese e VIII mese di gravidanza, a 3-6 giorni dal parto e al III mese dopo il parto) a tutti i soggetti sono stati somministrati quattro questionari: 1) il CES-D, per la valutazione della sintomatologia depressiva; 2) il Symptom Questionnaire (SQ), per una valutazione globale della sofferenza psicologica attraverso quattro scale: Ansia, Depressione, Somatizzazione e Ostilità; 3) l’ Illness Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ), che valuta il comportamento abnorme di malattia; 4) un Questionario Perinatale di Coppia, suddiviso in tre parti differenziate per madri e padri.
Risultati: L’analisi dei dati ha evidenziato che dalla gravidanza al post partum il livello di sintomatologia depressiva dei padri è risultato sempre significativamente correlato con quello delle madri (p= .02, coefficiente di Pearson: 0,364). I punteggi aumentano progressivamente fino al momento del parto, poi decrescono. I compagni delle donne che avevano manifestato un disturbo affettivo postnatale (maternity blues o depressione post partum) sono risultati più depressi (p= .01), ansiosi (p= .02) e irritabili (p= .02), tendevano a manifestare la sofferenza attraverso sintomi somatici (p= .05), a presentare preoccupazioni ipocondriache (p= .03), a lamentarsi per la propria salute (p= .001) e a essere meno presenti al momento del parto (P= .001). I loro punteggi si distinguono da quelli del gruppo di controllo sin dalla prima valutazione (V mese di gravidanza).
Conclusioni: Questi dati confermano la stretta correlazione tra stati affettivi dei genitori e la possibile influenza delle condizioni psicologiche del padre sullo sviluppo di disturbi affettivi materni
La funzione del padre nel periodo perinatale. Attaccamento, adattamento e psicopatologia.
No full textUna funzione maschile importante, per lungo tempo sottovalutata e solo recentemente oggetto di studio, è quella di proteggere la propria compagna offrendole una base sicura nei periodi in cui è maggiormente esposta a condizioni di potenziale pericolo fisico o psicologico. Questo compito si rivela particolarmente importante durante il periodo perinatale. La ricerca ha evidenziato che in questo periodo gli stati mentali dei genitori sono significativamente correlati e come anche il padre possa soffrire di disturbi affettivi simili alla depressione post-partum. I padri troppo ansiosi, depressi, assenti o quelli che manifestano alterazioni del comportamento di malattia (disturbi di somatizzazione, sindromi funzionali, ipocondria) o problemi comportamentali (aggressività, alcolismo, dipendenze patologiche), possono rappresentare una minaccia per l'equilibrio emotivo della compagna e per lo sviluppo di una buona relazione di attaccamento tra madre e figlio
Children’s world in the medieval town of Cencelle (9th-16th centuries). An Archaeological analysis
No full textThe long-time period along which the town of Cencelle developed
and its social variety allow some interesting observations
on population composition between the Early and Late Middle
Ages. A town of Early Medieval foundation with continuity of
life until the modern age thus becomes a privileged observatory
of the relationship between burial areas and urban centres.
In particular, child burials study (from phoetus to 12 years of
age) has rised numerous insights into both their distribution
in the urban context and the social reasons determining life
and death in the city. In this case, child burials comparison
found in three different town areas and in different chronological
periods enriches the discussion. The mix of archaeological
investigation and anthropological analysis delineated
the age characteristics at death, possible family relationships
and health status of the samples analysed
Landi G., Facondini F., Cena L., Minghetti M., Landini A., Crittenden P., Baldoni F.(2012) Attachment forerunners in mothers of preterm babies, Third Biennial Conference , IASA, University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, September 14-16, 2012
No full textWhen the birth of a baby occurs before the due date, there is not only a preterm baby admitted to
the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at risk of survival, but also a mother and a father with a
preterm baby. To study the characteristics of the early bond between the mother and the preterm
baby, a sample of 110 mother-child dyads, 55 with preterm babies (birth weight < 1500 g), and
55 with full-term babies were assessed from the first 6 months of corrected age. All dyads were
subjected to CARE-Index, a video-recorded procedure of mother-child interaction assessing parental
sensitivity and attachment forerunners. Mothers were also subjected to CES-D, for the assessment of
depression, and STAI Y-2, for the assessment of trait anxiety. The child’s psychomotor development
was assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID III). Mothers of preterm children,
compared to controls, evinced higher levels of anxiety (p < .05), lower scores on dyadic sensitivity as
assessed by the CARE-Index (p < .05) (40% fell into the high risk category requiring psychological
and/or pharmacological treatment), and expressed more frequently insecure attachment forerunners
(p < .01). In turn, preterm babies, compared to controls, showed insecure attachment forerunners
at 3 months of corrected age (p < .05) and lower psychomotor development scores at 6 months of
corrected age (p < .01). Risk factors for mothers of preterm babies were conflicted relationships with
their families of origin and a strong fear for the death of the baby. The results underline the need for
longitudinal studies conducted on large samples assessing the Internal Working Models of parents
with preterm babies. This would clarify whether the particular behavior observed in the mothers of
preterm children is transient and adaptive or a stable pattern influencing negatively the child-mother
interaction in the future
A Psychometric Study of the Perinatal Assessment of Maternal Affectivity (PAMA) for the Screening of Perinatal Affective Disorders in Mothers
No full textRecently, empirical evidence from perinatal studies has led researchers to pay more attention to fathers. The need to evaluate male suffering led at first to using the same screening tools developed for mothers. However, these instruments present validity concerns with fathers, and today the need to assume a gender-based perspective is clear. The Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA) is a self-reported questionnaire for the screening of a variety of psychological and behavioral dimensions related to affectivity as experienced by fathers during the perinatal period. In the present study, the psychometric properties of the maternal version of the scale (Perinatal Assessment of Maternal Affectivity; PAMA) were examined. The study, based on 225 mothers and their partners (n = 215), used a cross-sectional design with a single assessment at the third trimester of pregnancy. Results indicated a one-factor structure for a seven-item version of the PAMA, which showed adequate internal consistency reliability and was associated in the expected direction with other clinically relevant variables (depression, psychological distress, perceived stress and dyadic adjustment). The findings suggest the usefulness of developing gender sensitive screening tools for the detection of perinatal affective disorders
Foreword
No full textIn a period in which the Covid-19 pandemic changed the way of life around the world and put the Western way of life (influenced by economic and commercial factors) in serious crisis, Dr. Sansone referred to the enhancement of past experiences and to the wisdom that can be found in ancient habits and cultures, but still present in many populations of Africa and Asia.
The author also highlights sociological and philosophical problems and promotes a vision of parenting which, by integrating different cultures, leads to changing our western stereotypes. In particular, the early (also prenatal) relationship between mother and baby is influenced, enhanced not only by the mental health of the mother, but also of the father, the healthcare practitioners, and the entire community. In fact, research has shown that the relationship between parents, especially in romantic love, tends to be configured as an attachment relationship in which, during the perinatal period, both protect the partner and their mental states influence each other. Mothers’ and their infants’ well-being have also been supported since pregnancy and beforehand by the entire village for millenia.In this perspective, Sansone proposes an innovative mindfulness relationship-based model rooted in the most ancient practice, enhancing mother-fetus communication and connection to support parental mental health and the mother-father-baby triad relationship in pregnancy and beyond birth.
This book is invaluable reading not only for psychologists and health professionals (gynecologists, pediatricians, obstetricians, midwives, neonatologists, nurses) who deal with perinatal, but also for new parents who want to grow their babies healthy and safe and thus contribute to a healthier society
Immediate loading in mandible full-arch: pilot study in patients with osteoporosis in bisphosphonate therapy.
No full textDental implants have been used clinically in a routine manner to restore completely edentulous mandibles. A recent systematic review of the literature conducted by Bryant1 describes the 5-year cumulative survival rates of mandibular fixed and removable prostheses between 83% and 100%, with corresponding levels of crestal bone loss up to 1.1 mm the first year and 0.4 mm per year thereafter. The author included in his review studies using the classical two-stage surgical approach, whereby the implant is initially covered underneath the mucosa and kept unloaded for 4–6 months.2 However, over the past decade changes in dental implant design and surface configuration combined with an improved understanding of the biological and biomechanical aspects have improved the clinical outcome of implant treatments.3 These advancements have led to the one-stage surgical procedures in conjunction with earlier loading, especially in the completely edentulous mandible
Digital reproduction of colors and materials used in pottery: a case study from the ancient Picenum
No full textDigital replicas of pottery, due to their many benefits in terms of sharing opportunities and visualization, recently became popular in museum exhibits, often introducing virtual expositions for pieces belonging to collections all over the world. However, the accuracy of digital duplicates plays a paramount role in the perception of shapes and colors, since the most minute feature could easily lead to identify unexpected clues of an object (e.g. its precise time of production or even its author). This is particularly true of pottery, whose materials, manufacturing techniques and decorations have been subject to dedicated research throughout history. This paper introduces some of the specific outcomes of a research program, oriented to the quick digital acquisition, 3D replication and accurate visualization at the different scales of the Davanzali necropolis in Numana, a settlement of ancient Picenum (Marche Region, Italy)
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