1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Research and development of botanicals obtained from local medicinal plant, potentially active in skin aging by air pollution
Full text linkEnvironmental air pollution encompasses various particulate matter (PM) consisting in solid and/or liquid particles of different sizes and compositions, including mineral dust, metals, metalloids, sea salts, ammonium nitrate and sulfate, organic compounds, elemental carbon. The increasing of the environmental PM caused by human activity is documented to be associated with morbidity and mortality worldwide, presenting one of the most severe pollution related problems.
Recent epidemiological studies on the impact of PM showed that its high level is closely related to the development of inflammatory skin diseases and respiratory problems. PM also induces oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6. In addition, the increased production of ROS such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals by PM exposure increases the activity of metalloprotease (MMP) and of other extracellular matrix degrading enzymes.
These processes increase inflammatory skin impairments and accelerated skin aging; the first line of intervention are drugs and functional cosmetics topically administered. Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs are primarily considered for the treatment of skin diseases induced by PM.
In the last years, phytotherapy has focused its research on the field of anti aging and aging-related skin diseases, proving to be a particularly useful discipline in the management and prevention of skin health.
This interest in herbal products in the field of skin protection is also very active in Italy, but it is amazing how in our country there is still a little regard to the ethnobotanical tradition and the knowledge of species typical of the area.
The results of bibliographic and ethnobotanical research allowed us to identify four interesting and novel species: Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull. and Cistus creticus L. subsp. eriocephalus (Viv.) Greuter & Burdet, used in Tuscany for skin care, but currently scarcely investigated, and Juglans regia L. and Castanea sativa Mill., very interesting for the potentiality of their by-products, namely leaves collected after fruit harvesting.
Optimized extracts, with the highest yield in polyphenols were obtained after having taken into account the collecting time and extraction procedures.
A multistep experimental protocol, consisting in cell free and cell-based tests was set up and validated in order to investigate the biological activities of selected extracts in stress models that mimed all the main skin impairments related to aging and pollution exposure.
All the selected extracts proved to be interesting candidates for a development in the field of dermatology for skin protection.
By-products, C. sativa and J. regia leaves hydroethanolic extracts, as well as C. vulgaris flowering tops water extract showed more likely specific skin protective activities, whereas C. creticus aerial parts hydroethanolic extract resulted effective in all performed tests.
C. sativa leaves extract proved to be the most effective extract for its activity in counteracting urban dust-induced MAPK activation.
J. regia leaves extract proved to be effective in protecting fibroblasts from immunosuppressive lowered viability and keratinocytes from dehydrative stress probably related to the promotion of occluding expression.
C. vulgaris flowering tops extract shared the most important biological characteristic with J. regia extract but it exerted a markedly higher protective activity in UVA-induced keratinocytes damage and in acute and slow oxidative stress.
Tuscan C. creticus, taken into account mostly being a species of ethnobotanical interest very scarcely investigated in the field of skin protection, provided the most unexpected and positive results. Indeed, the extract, rich in ellagitannins and flavonols, exerted the best cell-free antiradicalic/antioxidant profile and a strong activity against urban dust-induced keratinocytes stress, both oxidative and inflammatory, accompanied by the best inhibitory effect on elastase, collagenase and hyaluronidase activity.
The very positive results obtained in in vitro tests prompted us to perform a small clinical trial on J. regia extract and a formulative development on C. sativa and C. vulgaris extracts
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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