55 research outputs found
Addressing Social Sustainability in Urban Regeneration Processes. An Application of the Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation
No full textThe concept of sustainability is widely seen as fundamental to set up urban and territorial transformations. Sustainable development is a multidimensional and multi-perspective process that deals with the environmental, economic, and social dimensions, with the aim to find a balance among these. Despite this growing attention to sustainability the social perspective has been the less explored of these dimensions and only recently it is receiving consideration due the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that aim at creating sustainable and inclusive cities and communities. In the SDGs, specific attention is focused on the improvement of the quality of life of inhabitants through specific actions dedicated to the valorization of cultural resources, to the protection of the environment, and also to promote the involvement of the local communities in setting policies and programs. The final objective is defining projects based on the social needs shared by the communities. This paper aims at exploring the social sustainability related to urban regeneration processes with particular attention to social cohesion and community engagement. Six different urban regeneration strategies, developed for the regeneration of an urban area located in Northern Italy and based on social housing interventions, have been evaluated in accordance with their social impacts on the stakeholders involved. The paper proposes a multi-methodological approach based on the combination of the stakeholder analysis with the NAIADE (Novel Approach to Imprecise Assessment and Decision Environments) methodology, a particular type of Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation. The stakeholder analysis has been applied to identify the actors to involve in the evaluation, whereas the NAIADE methodology has been implemented for the selection of the most preferable strategy. This method allowed the assessment of the different strategies through the comparison and the mediation between the technical and the social rankings, thus considering the stakeholder preferences in the final evaluation. The final result is coherent with the initial purpose and it demonstrates that the inclusion of the stakeholder is fundamental for the achievement of a consensus solution
Temporary housing in Turin: the Ma.Ri. House case study
No full textQuesto articolo illustra l’applicazione di un approccio multi-metodologico basato sull’applicazione sequenziale di tre diverse tecniche per la valutazione degli impatti generati dalla realizzazione della residenza temporanea Ma.Ri. House, localizzata nella città di Torino. Le metodologie applicate sono: (1) l’analisi SWOT per l’analisi preliminare del contesto progettuale, per evidenziarne i punti di forza, le debolezze, le opportunità e le minacce; tutti elementi da considerare nella definizione della strategia progettuale, (2) l’analisi degli Stakeholders per identificare la molteplicità dei soggetti interessati dal progetto in esame, evidenziandone i differenti interessi, (3) la Community Impact Evaluation (CIE) per la valutazione della natura e intensità dei possibili impatti multi- dimensionali derivati dalla realizzazione del progetto che potrebbero interessare gli stakeholders coinvolti. Pertanto, il presente contributo si propone di indagare il tema di grande rilevanza sociale, quale l’abitare contemporaneo nella sua complessità e multi-attorialità. Infatti, il framework metodologico si pone come obiettivo quello di supportare i decisori nell’individuazione della strategia che consideri i diversi interessi in gioco e massimizzi gli impatti positivi per i diversi stakeholders coinvolti. Nello specifico, l’approccio metodologico è stato proposto per valutare nella fase preliminare la realizzazione della residenza temporanea Ma.Ri. House.This paper illustrates the application of a multi-methodological approach based on the sequential application of three different techniques for assessing the multidimensional impacts generated by the realization of the Ma.Ri. House temporary housing, located in the city of Turin. The applied methodologies are (1) SWOT analysis for the preliminary examination of the project context, to highlight its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, which are fundamental elements to be considered for the definition of the project strategy, (2) Stakeholder Analysis to identify the multiplicity of stakeholder involved and affected by the Ma.Ri. House project, highlighting their different interests, (3) Community Impact Evaluation (CIE) for the assessment of the nature and intensity of the possible multidimensional impacts derived from the project implementation that could affect the stakeholder involved. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate local housing policy, which is a complex, multi-actorial and social relevance issue. The proposed methodological framework aims to support decision-makers in identifying a strategy that considers the different interests and maximizes the positive impacts for the different stakeholder involved. Specifically, the proposed methodological approach has been applied to evaluate the preliminary stage of the implementation of the temporary housing Ma.Ri. House
Addressing social sustainability in urban regeneration processes. An application of the social multi-criteria evaluation
No full textThe concept of sustainability is widely seen as fundamental to set up urban and territorial transformations. Sustainable development is a multidimensional and multi-perspective process that deals with the environmental, economic, and social dimensions, with the aim to find a balance among these. Despite this growing attention to sustainability the social perspective has been the less explored of these dimensions and only recently it is receiving consideration due the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that aim at creating sustainable and inclusive cities and communities. In the SDGs, specific attention is focused on the improvement of the quality of life of inhabitants through specific actions dedicated to the valorization of cultural resources, to the protection of the environment, and also to promote the involvement of the local communities in setting policies and programs. The final objective is defining projects based on the social needs shared by the communities. This paper aims at exploring the social sustainability related to urban regeneration processes with particular attention to social cohesion and community engagement. Six different urban regeneration strategies, developed for the regeneration of an urban area located in Northern Italy and based on social housing interventions, have been evaluated in accordance with their social impacts on the stakeholders involved. The paper proposes a multi-methodological approach based on the combination of the stakeholder analysis with the NAIADE (Novel Approach to Imprecise Assessment and Decision Environments) methodology, a particular type of Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation. The stakeholder analysis has been applied to identify the actors to involve in the evaluation, whereas the NAIADE methodology has been implemented for the selection of the most preferable strategy. This method allowed the assessment of the different strategies through the comparison and the mediation between the technical and the social rankings, thus considering the stakeholder preferences in the final evaluation. The final result is coherent with the initial purpose and it demonstrates that the inclusion of the stakeholder is fundamental for the achievement of a consensus solution
Toward resilient cities: assessing urban resilience performance using a System Dynamics Model-based approach
No full textL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Implementing urban resilience in urban planning: A comprehensive framework for urban resilience evaluation
No full textUrban resilience as a transformative approach has become a central paradigm to define urban policy for making cities resilient. This implementation has multifaceted implications, ranging from the employment of the correct resilience approach for urban systems to the definition of the appropriate assessment framework to address all urban resilience features. This paper addresses the implications concerning the new requirements and open research questions of urban resilience assessment for resilient development for cities. According to this purpose, this paper provides three literature reviews to explore and critically analyse the different approaches of resilience and the several definitions of urban resilience in academic and operative fields, to address the dimensions, multifaceted characteristics, and key factors to being evaluated within an urban resilience enhancement perspective. The result is a comprehensive framework that identifies the five dimensions of urban resilience (economy, society, environment, nature, and governance), the relative urban components, and nine urban resilience capacities that have to be included in the evaluation of urban resilience as a transformative approach. The main novelty and contribution of the proposed research is the obtained framework that can be used as a guideline to define a comprehensive evaluation approach to assess urban resilience in its implementation in urban planning as a transformative approach. The final aim of the proposed research is to support in an operational manner the development of suitable evaluation methods to investigate strategic strategies within the aim of urban resilience enhancement, through a complex and multidimensional perspective
Fuzzy cognitive maps: A dynamic approach for urban regeneration processes evaluation
No full textLe città sono sistemi complessi, dinamici e adattivi, in continua evoluzione. Il loro andamento è strettamente legato e influenzato dalle relazioni di tipo causa-effetto che intercorrono tra le loro diverse componenti sociali, politiche, economiche ed ambientali.
Analizzare e valutare le città come sistemi complessi e adattivi diventa di fondamentale importanza nell’affrontare processi di trasformazione e rigenerazione urbana. Questi ultimi, infatti, si configurano, per loro natura, come dei processi complessi e multidimensionali, caratterizzati da una molteplicità di variabili, obiettivi e interessi e dinamici rispetto alla scala spaziale e temporale. La loro natura complessa e dinamica, li rende processi decisionali contraddistinti da un elevato livello di incertezza, soprattutto nell’ottica di prevedere i possibili impat- ti futuri che queste trasformazioni potrebbero avere sul- le componenti sociali, economiche ed ambientali.
Un approccio particolarmente promettente nell’ambito dello studio dei sistemi urbani e delle loro trasformazioni è la tecnica delle Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs). La peculiarità di questa metodologia consiste nella loro capacità di descrivere e analizzare il funzionamento di sistemi complessi mediante una mappa cognitiva e di simulare la loro possibile evoluzione, a partire dalle con- dizioni iniziali. Per questa ragione le FCMs sono applicate ed utilizzate per lo studio e l’analisi dei sistemi com- plessi, riferiti a quei domini di conoscenza caratterizzati da un elevato livello di incertezza, come le città e le loro trasformazioni.
Il presente contributo illustra l’applicazione di un approccio integrato basato sulla tecnica delle FCMs a due casi studio, riferiti a due diversi programmi di rigenerazione urbana. Obiettivo di queste applicazioni è mettere in luce le potenzialità di questo strumento nel rappresentare e gestire la complessità dei processi di rigenerazione urbana, ponendo particolare attenzione all’analisi dei comportamenti dinamici delle diverse alternative progettuali, al fine di ridurre l’incertezza rispetto agli impatti futuri, e al tempo stesso evidenziare le criticità della metodologia per identificare gli aspetti da sviluppare nelle ricerche future.Cities are complex, dynamic and adaptive systems that are in continuous evolution. This trend is influenced by causal relationships that occur between the social, political, economic and environmental dimensions that are at the basis of the urban system. Starting from these circumstances, investigating and evaluating the city as a complex and adaptive system has become a fundamental issue in the context of urban transformation and regeneration operations. These are complex and dynamic processes both in temporal and spatial scale that are characterised by a multiplicity of variables, objectives and interests. For these characteristics, they represent particular decision problems described by an high level of uncertainty especially related to the appraisal of their possible future impacts on the social, economic and environmental dimensions. Currently, in the fields of urban studies a promising approach is represented by the Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs). The peculiarity of this technique is the ability both to describe and analyse the functioning of complex systems through a cognitive map and to simulate their possible evolution, starting from the current conditions. For this reason, the technique of FCMs has been applied to study and analyse complex systems, related to those domains characterised by a high level of uncertainty, such as cities and their transformation processes. This paper shows the application of an integrated evaluation approach based on the FCMs technique to two different urban regeneration processes. The article aims to underline both the strenghts of this technique, focusing on its ability to represent and manage the complexity of urban regeneration processes, and the critical aspects to identify the elements that to be developed in the future researches
VALUTAZIONE DEL VALORE ECONOMICO DEI BENI CULTURALI IMMOBILI PER LA LORO RESILIENZA: IL CASO DI STUDIO DELLA CHIESA DI SANTA MARIA DEI MIRACOLI
No full textClimate change, natural disasters, and human activity subject cultural heritage to several shocks and disturbances. The interest in risk reduction and management has increased significantly over the last decades, including for cultural assets. To protect and value them for future generations, the current issue is the increasing of their resilience. This research work is related to the European project "ResCult - Increasing Resilience of Cultural Heritage: A Supporting Decision Tool for the Safeguarding of Cultural Assets". This paper aims on the one hand to illustrate the state of the art on risk assessment in the European context, highlighting its fragmentation, and on the other hand, to determine the economic value expressed by the Church of Santa Maria dei Miracoli in Venice (Italy) through the Travel Cost Method (TCM), as one of the components value to support risk assessment of Cultural Heritage. this study considers how the suggested strategy may be applied on a European level
A System Dynamics Model and Analytic Network Process: An Integrated Approach to Investigate Urban Resilience
No full textDuring the last decade, the concept of urban resilience has been increasingly implemented in urban planning, with the main aim to design urban development strategies. Urban resilience is a multi-dimensional and dynamic concept. When applied to urban planning, it consists of studying cities as complex socio-economic systems. Municipalities are currently working to undertake appropriate actions to enrich the resilience of cities. Moreover, several difficulties concern the evaluation of the impacts over time of the strategies designed to enhance urban resilience. The present paper proposes an integrated approach based on the System Dynamics Model (SDM) and the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The objective of this research is to describe the method and to illustrate its application to the area called Basse di Stura, located in the city of Turin, Italy. The method is applied to evaluate the possible impacts of two different urban scenarios in terms of the change of urban resilience performance over time. The final result is represented by an index that describes urban resilience performance
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