1,721,065 research outputs found

    La qualità dei prodotti orticoli freschi: influenza dei fattori in pre-raccolta

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    Consumer interest in the quality of vegetable products has increased in recent years. Regular consumption of vegetables has been linked to a reduction of some diseases, since vegetable is a source of an array of phytochemicals, which are appreciated for their benef icial heal th ef fects. Vegetable quality is a complex issue with different means depending to the target customer group. Quality has both a product- and a consumer-dependent dimension. From the first perspective, quality attributes are inherent in a product and can be objectively quantified, whereas a consumer orientation, which defines quality in terms of user satisfaction, is much less tangible and less quantifiable concept. This review will be focused only on product-oriented quality and objective criteria for its evaluation. Standard for quality assessment of fresh vegetables are established in Europe and North and Central America. However, they take into consideration mostly external quality attributes (e.g. size, shape, color, absence of defects and decay, critical concentrations of pesticides and nitrate), whereas very important internal quality attributes such as texture, flavor and healthpromot ing compounds are not considered. Environmental conditions, crop management and physiological factors may modify the vegetable quality. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent literature dealing with the main pre-harvest factors that can modify the quality of vegetables and, in particular, the physical properties, flavor, and health–related compounds. First of all, the importance of the genotype and grafted plants selection, the optimization of the environmental conditions and the advantages and disadvantages of protected environments in comparison to open field cultivation concerning product quality will be outlined. Then, the effects of the optimization of agricultural practices, in particular water quantity and quality, mineral nutrition and growing systems (e.g. soilless culture), will be discussed. The review highlighted that vegetable quality is a product of the interaction of genetic, climatic, and cultural factors. Finding the best combinations of those factors to maximize vegetable quality according consumer demand will be a challenge. The use of novel cultural practices and development of new genetic lines to enhance the quality of vegetables are the main directions that research should take in the near future. Integrated quality production and management must be considered as a global target to reach

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Alleati? Nemici? I portoghesi, i genovesi e il controllo del sistema di approvvigionamento e del mercato del credito a Napoli tra XVI e XVII secolo

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    Il saggio ricostruisce le dinamiche dell'inserimento di un gruppo di banchieri portoghesi nel mercato finanziario di Napoli, dominato dalla presenza portoghese, tra XVI e XVII secolo

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Responsabilità per trattamenti tricologici: casistica ed indagine conoscitiva

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    The Authors report two cases of refund claim of personal damages for presumed professional responsibility of hairdressers, related to professional activities for trichological procedures. In fact acquired data show that, in the last years, there are many claims, even in civil litigation, for presumed professional responsibility concerning cosmetic medical-surgical practices, but also of typically moving crafts, for activities performed by these professionals. So, for many aspects of these events, medical examiner, is involved in the evaluation of causation between performed activities and complained subsistence of sequelae that could be considered damage of good constitutionally protected. To complete our research, in order to assess the degree of knowledge of the issues addressed in the professional, we have considered useful carry out an inquiry among the members hairdressers of Chamber of Commerce of the city. To this end, an anonymous questionnaire was designed to multiple answers. The questionnaires collected data were then processed statistically by CDC-Atlanta Epi Info program. The analysis of the acquired data allowed to appreciate, in summary, that, in spite of the problem has become well known, there is knowledge - specifically professional- sometimes rough and often totally inadequate, of the civil law of the issue in questio

    Arsenic uptake and partitioning in grafted tomato plants

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    Arsenic is a toxic and cancerogenic metalloid that poses a threat to food crop consumption. Previous studies have shown that grafting vegetables onto certain rootstocks may restrict the uptake of some toxic metals, such as cadmium, lead, and so on, but these studies did not investigate the uptake of arsenic. The aim of this work was to determine the following: i) if grafting can influence and reduce arsenic translocation in the root and/or aerial organs; ii) how tomato plants irrigated with arsenic-enriched nutrient solution (100 μg·L-1) accumulate this metalloid; and iii) if arsenic poses a potential risk to fruit quality. We found that differences in plant growth and the qualitative traits of fruits were mainly related to the adopted rootstock rather than to the addition of arsenic. Grafting influenced metalloid accumulation in roots and its translocation from roots to shoots and fruits. Tomato plants accumulated arsenic in their roots, and only a small portion was translocated to shoots and fruits, making the risk for human consumption negligible. Therefore, the uptake of this toxic element and its translocation are influenced by the rootstock utilized
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