1,720,970 research outputs found
Il Dictionarium Latino-Slavonorossiacum di Ivan Maksymovyč: il contributo lessicografico
No full textIn the present article the author, after briefly characterizing the figure of the Ukrainian translator and lexicographer Ivan Maskymovych, describes the “Dictionarium Latino-Slavonorossiacum”, that is the most complete Latin-(Slavic)Russian (and Ukrainian) dictionary of the first quarter of the eighteenth century. The author illustrates at length the critical studies on this dictionary, and then analyses the dictionary itself starting with the preface, in which Maksymovych illustrates the principles he has followed in the compilation of the dictionary. The author thoroughly illustrates how these principles are reflected in the dictionary and provides a in-depth analysis of all the lexical-grammatical categories as they are presented in the dictionary. The author shows that the semanticization of the dictionary entries, characterized by the contextualization of the words, and by the numerous meanings provided, makes this dictionary a precious work. Finally, the author draws a comparison between the two extant copies of the dictionary (the second of which is here analyzed for the first time), and comes to the conclusion that the second exemplar, which contains about 80 added lexemes, witnesses to Maksymovyc’s gradual russification due to his prolonged stay in Russia and provides a living picture of the linguistic use of Petrine Russia
Rifugio alpino fotovoltaico
No full textIl presente articolo presenta lo studio effettuato tramite software commerciali delle risorse energetiche di due rifugi alpini piemontesi, area di Cuneo, classificati come "utenze stand-alone", ossia non dotati in zone limitrofe di reti elettriche nazional
Differential energy saving algorithms in a distributed router architecture
Full text linkA distributed multistage software router (MSSR) is composed by several interconnected software routers running on personal computers (PCs). The MSSR architecture overcomes scalability and performance issues of single software router by providing parallel forwarding paths. Like many networking devices, a MSSR must be sized for peak traffic load, which implies energy inefficiency at low loads. Thus, we focus on energy saving schemes to improve the router energy efficiency by dynamically adapting the MSSR architecture to the currently offered load. We first introduce an optimal energy saving algorithm defined as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization model. Then, heuristic solutions, named differential algorithms are discussed. While the optimal approach provides higher energy savings, the heuristics avoid the complete MSSR reconfiguration, thus reducing forwarding delays and minimizing service interruption. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed heuristic algorithms, that gracefully modifies the internal MSSR configuration, preserve the load proportional energy demand characteristics of the optimal algorithm, with a minimal loss of efficiency, largely compensated by algorithm simplicit
A Load Balancer for a Multi-Stage Router Architecture
Full text linkMulti-stage software router architectures permit to overcome several limitations inherent to single stage software routers. One of the key elements of the multi-stage architecture under study are the load balancers, which are used to distribute the load among backend routers. However, using a PC (Personal Computer) as a load balancer could create a performance bottleneck in the overall architecture. Since the operations performed by the load balancer are simple, we explore the possibility of an hardware-based implementation of load balancing functionality with the goal of improving its performance. In this paper, we describe the architecture of an FPGA-based load balancer and we present some performance results of its prototype implementatio
On-line power savings in a distributed multi-stage router architecture
Full text linkWe focus on a distributed multi-stage software router (MSSR) architecture internally composed by several personal computers (PCs) to overcome scalability and performance issues of software routers (SRs) based on a single PC. Sizing the internal architecture to sustain the peak load may lead to power inefficiency at low loads. This paper presents a power saving scheme to improve the power efficiency of the MSSR by dynamically adapting the size of its internal architecture to the offered load to reduce power needs. The off-line problem is defined as a mixed integer linear programming optimization model, shown to be NP-hard. We propose a differential on-line heuristic to solve the optimization problem when the traffic load changes. The heuristic avoids the complete MSSR reconfiguration of the optimal off-line solution that may lead to forwarding delay increase or service interruption. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed on-line algorithm, that gracefully modifies the internal MSSR configuration, preserves the load proportional power demand characteristics of the optimal offline solution
Energy saving in distributed router architectures
Full text linkA multi-stage software router overcomes scalability issues related to a single, PC-based, software router by introducing parallel forwarding paths. However, since the architecture includes different internal components, energy inefficiency at low loads may arise if the multi-stage internal architecture does not adapt to currently offered traffic. This paper presents an energy-saving scheme to improve energy efficiency of the multi-stage router architecture by focusing on the back-end stage and sizing it to the offered load to reduce energy needs. The problem is defined as a mixed integer linear programming model, shown to be NP-hard. We tackle the scalability issues of the optimal problem by defining a twostep heuristic which takes advantage of existing BIN PACKING algorithms. Our results shows that the two-step solution is within 10% relative error with respect to the optimal solution for different realistic scenario
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
