1,721,024 research outputs found
CFD analysis on operative temperature prediction inside an office equipped with a fan-coil air conditioning system
No full textAn accurate assessment of operative temperature inside a building is essential since it is associated to the human’s perception of well-being and comfort. In the present study, a 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code is employed to evaluate the indoor operative temperature for a university office located in a historical building, consisting of thick masonry walls and large single glass windows, using fan coil as an air conditioning system. The experimental measurement was carried out using an innovative system for the sensor localization (based on acoustic sources and a specific signal processing algorithm) in order to validate the numerical model and to obtain the required initial and boundary conditions for the case under study. The turbulent air flow, the operative temperature, and the local heat transfer characteristics inside the room are presented in typical winter conditions, allowing to identify the best comfort areas. The results show that the operative temperature of the room is significantly affected by surface temperatures of the windows, especially due to the large windows to wall surface ratio, and by the position and operational condition of fan coil. Comfort conditions inside the room are not uniform and high energy consumption is required to maintain temperature set point. It is concluded that 3D comfort maps on operative temperature and air velocity allow to optimize internal layout of the office room; moreover, the possibility to optimize comfort conditions in specific workstation together with control of operating mode of the fan coil (velocity and temperature of air inlet) allows to gain important energy saving results
DEEP RENOVATION IN SUSTAINABLE CITIES: ZERO ENERGY, ZERO URBAN SPRAWL AT ZERO COSTS IN THE ABRACADABRA STRATEGY
No full textEnergy efficiency challenge in buildings mainly concerns the energy efficient refurbishment and
investments in its existing buildings. Yet, today, only 1,2% of existing buildings is renovated every
year in Europe. The actual investment gap in the deep renovation sector is due to the fact that
high investments are required up-front and they are generally characterized by an excessively
high degree of risk, by long payback times and by the general “invisibility of the energy benefit”.
ABRACADABRA is an H2020 project that aims to activate a market for the deep renovation of
existing buildings through a major transformation of the buildings aiming at the increase of the
real estate value. This increase is essentially given by a volumetric addition (Add-ons) whose
added value, once capitalized in terms of selling or renting, is able to reduce the payback time
of the investment. Several pilot case studies have been used to test the efficacy of the strategy.
At this stage of the project, also a challenging sector like the social housing sector is being
explored to verify if a retrofit strategy including add-ons and densification could help to boost
the renovation of the public and residential hosing stock. The process is based on the costeffectiveness analysis. In this paper, to demonstrate how the densification action could be
an effective solution to promote energy efficiency interventions and new business models to
shorten the payback time of renovation investments, five different building have been studied.
The simulation made on these case studies is divided in three steps: a feasibility study, the
energy saving analysis and a payback time calculation. In the last phase of the study the financial
assumptions are fundamental. In the case of the social housing the sale, rental and social values
were considered and combined to find the best opportunity of incomes and the shortest payback
time. Moreover, additional issues were taken into account regarding the regulatory aspects
and the technical feasibility of this type of approach. Implementing this strategy means to add
new units on the rooftop or on the side of an existing building, and this might face obstacles,
such as urban regulation restrictions and the consensus among tenants. To overcome these
obstacles, the project promotes new policy recommendations that municipalities could approve
and counterbalanced measures to help residents to embrace the ABRACADABRA strateg
Valutazione della inerzia termica delle strutture edilizie
No full textLe dispersioni termiche di un edificio vengono normalmente calcolate in regime sta-zionario, ipotizzando cioè l’invariabilità nel tempo della temperatura dell’aria, sia in ambiente esterno che interno. In queste condizioni la grandezza specifica dei compo-nenti dell’involucro dell’edificio che influenza il fenomeno di trasmissione di calore è rappresentato dalla “resistenza termica” trascurando di conseguenza la capacità dell’involucro esterno di assorbire e/o cedere calore. Nella realtà il comportamento dinamico delle strutture impone di prendere in considerazione anche gli effetti di iner-zia termica in modo particolare nei periodi estivi dove le oscillazioni di temperatura assumono maggiore rilevanza. Oggetto di questo studio è l’analisi di alcune tipologie di strutture edilizie tramite la procedura delle “ammettenze” utilizzata dalla attuale normativa europe
La strategia del progetto ABRACADABRA per azzerare il consumo energetico e bilanciare i costi nella riqualificazione degli edifici esistenti The ABRACADABRA strategy to set the energy to zero and balance the cost in the deep renovation of existing buildings in: DEMOLITION OR RECONSTRUCTION? Colloqui.AT.e 2017
No full textEurope’s energy efficiency challenge in buildings mainly concerns the energy efficient refurbishment and investments in the existing building stock. Yet, today, only 1,2% of Europe’s existing buildings are renovated every year. The actual investment gap in the deep renovation sector is because high investments are required up-front and they are generally characterized by an excessively high degree
of the risk, by long payback times and by the “invisibility of the energy benefit”. It is, therefore, necessary to develop concerted and innovative actions. The EU project ABRACADABRA (“Assistant Buildings’ addition to Retrofit, Adopt, Cure And Develop the Actual Buildings up to zero energy, Activating a market for deep renovation”) aims at demonstrating to the key stakeholders and financial investors the appeal of a new renovation strategy based on volumetric Add-ons and Renewables (AdoRe) intended as one or as a combination of Assistant Building unit(s) that “adopt” the existing buildings to achieve nearly zero energy. The conception of new AdoRes aims at reducing the initial investment allocated for the deep renovation of the existing building creating an up-grading synergy between old and new. The ABRA strategy aims at implementing a precise densification policy to foster the investments in the deep renovation of the existing built environment. In this context, the project aims at fostering a legislative and market change accelerating the revolution towards nearly Zero Energy in the existing buildings and in the urban settings of the EU cities. The paper focuses on case studies in different geographical and climatic contexts, where different solutions are analyzed: from standard renovation up to the AdoRe strategy. All solutions are compared in terms of energy saving, non-energy benefits, and cost-effective analysis
The Pavillon de l’Esprit Nouveau of Le Corbusier. From Real Scale Replica to Digital Modelling and Environmental Analysis
Full text linkThe aim of the paper is to promote a discussion on the transmission of Le Corbusier's work over time and, more in general, on the technological performance of his building. The specific object of investigation is one of the earliest projects by Le Corbusier, the Pavillion de l'Esprit Nouveau, built in 1925 for the Exhibition of Decorative Arts in Paris. Being temporary, the building was demolished at the end of the exhibition, but an exact replica was erected in Bologna in 1977, to pay homage to the participation of France in the International Building Exhibition (SAIE) in the city. The initial review of some publications on technical aspects of Le Corbusier's work, in particular environmental issues, is followed by a description of the replica in Bologna and an investigation of its performances by means of digital models, in particular with regard to energy and illumination aspects. Through the performance analysis of the building, the paper aims to highlight the complex relationship between modern language and techniques and the fruition of the artwork in society, not only from an aesthetic and anthropological perspective but also from a functional and technological point of view
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Deep renovation up to zero energy through Add-ons: the ABRACADABRA Project
Full text linkThough housing is one of the most energy consumer sectors, it is currently extremely underestimated, because of a clear investment gap due to economic, social and legislative barriers. The EU project ABRACADABRA (Assistant Building to Retrofit, Adopt, Cure And Develop the Actual Buildings up to zeRo energy, Activating a market for deep renovation) is based on the idea that the real estate value increase given by the appropriate densification strategy in urban environments could be an opportunity to activate a market for deep energy renovation. To prove the effectiveness of the strategy more than 70 case studies throughout the EU cities have been assessed by means of a cost-effective analysis. Basing on the parametric variation of the different values involved (cost of construction, energy, etc.) the benefit of this strategy has been proved in the majority of the different building types and contexts. More interestingly, the ABRA strategy has been simulated and tested outside Europe in order to verify its scalability and the possibility of considering other non-energy related benefits in the renovation of the existing building stock. A specific study on the NYC urban context has been conducted to effectively adapt the strategy and combine the global drivers of energy consumption reduction and CO2 emission reduction with the local need of combating flood emergency and related flood-proofing measures. The results reached by this work demonstrate how the energy retrofit trough add-ons reduces significantly the payback times of the investments, preserve soil consumption, while providing a extraordinary opportunity to enhance urban resiliency by challenging the local emergencies
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