95 research outputs found
Hybrid photonic technologies for quantum information tasks
No full textIn the last thirty years, Quantum Information has become an established research field, providing a unique framework to harness the properties of inherently quantum systems to process and transmit information in ways that surpass the capabilities of classical information processing. It has been shown how quantum-based approaches find several practical applications, such as quantum computing, simulation, metrology, and communication. In this context, thanks to continuous developments of photonic technologies, photon-based platforms have established themselves as an excellent experimental testbed for the demonstration and implementation of a wide range of Quantum Information Processing tasks. Within this framework, the main goal of the present Ph.D. thesis is to employ the toolbox of photon-based Quantum Information processing - together with the capabilities offered by a set of state-of-the-art photonic technologies related to photon generation, manipulation, and detection - to devise experimental platforms suitable for the demonstration of photon-based Quantum Information protocols. In this perspective, this work focused on developing a hybrid photonic architecture tailored for multiphoton Quantum Information experiments. I designed and assembled such a platform and characterized its underlying elements: Quantum Dot sources, time-to-spatial demultiplexing setups, and universal reconfigurable integrated photonic interferometers. This thesis's experimental results have been focused on the context of the characterization of multiphoton interference effects and the implementation of photon-based computational protocols. First, I experimentally investigated fully optical schemes suitable for the generation of polarization-based and orbital angular momentum-based entangled photon pairs via single photons emitted consecutively by a QD source. Then, given that the emergence of quantum interference effects in multiphoton scenarios is at the core of the concept of linear optical computing, I developed and validated, on one side, semi-device-independent techniques for characterizing multiphoton indistinguishability. On the other, I investigated the behavior of multiphoton interference effects in scenarios featuring partial distinguishability, where seemingly counterintuitive phenomena can arise. The last part of this Ph.D. thesis will be focused on the experimental realization of photon-based protocols related to quantum computing applications. I provided an experimental implementation of a hybrid quantum-classical technique that finds, via variational techniques, optimal linear optical circuits implementing a quantum cloning machine of dual-rail encoded qubits. Then, I considered a recently proposed routine for the manipulation of quantum randomness - the quantum-to-quantum Bernoulli Factory. I experimentally validated an architecture based on polarization-based encoding implementing such a protocol, exploiting the demultiplexed QD source interfaced with a fully in-bulk and modular interferometric setup. Finally, I employed the hybrid photonic architecture at its full capability to investigate a proof-of-principle photonic implementation of a so-called Adaptive Boson Sampling scheme, an approach that goes beyond the standard Boson Sampling paradigm via the addition of measurement-based adaptivity. Overall, the results reported here highlight the versatility of a hybrid photonic approach and may open the path toward increasingly complex demonstrations of photon-based platforms for Quantum Information tasks
Gli Struzzi 14
No full textI have learned a little in my attempt at last to catalogue this book found years ago. Rodari was perhaps the most beloved and accomplished Italain children's book author of the twentieth century. I found a review of this book in Italian and will attach a very rough Google translation. Apparently the fables are fanciful, engaging and tend toward healing and unification. I wish I could say more! My Italian is only good enough to bargain for books like this in the flea market! This seems to be the 24th printing in 1993.Language note: ItalianGianni Rodar
Physiopathology and clinical management of blackwater fever: a scoping review
No full textBackground: Blackwater fever (BWF) is a severe syndrome occurring in patients with malaria upon antimalarial treatment, characterized by massive intravascular haemolysis and haemoglobinuria. BWF is a neglected condition and management recommendations are unavailable.Objectives: We performed a scoping review to appraise available data on clinical picture, treatment and physiopathology of BWF, which could guide rationally its clinical management.Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, and the reference list of relevant publications, were searched. Papers reporting original data on BWF cases or investigating the physiopathology of BWF were eligible. Data regarding case characteristics, trigger event, clinical man-agement and outcome were extracted. For papers investigating the physiopathology of BWF, study design and principal findings were extracted. No quality assessment was performed. Data are presented as numbers and percentages, and summary of findings, grouped by paper focus (clinical description or physiopathology).Results: 101 papers were included. The majority of BWF cases were observed in autochthonous children (75.7%) and adults (15.3%), in contrast with historical perception that BWF patients were typically ex-patriates. Clinical management was described for 794 cases; corticosteroids were used in 23. Outcome was reported for 535 patients, with 18.1% mortality. The trigger was reported for 552 (47.5%) cases; in 70.4% identified as quinine. However, two RCT comparing artesunate and quinine for falciparum malaria treatment did not find significant difference in BWF occurrence after their administration. Two case -control studies did not find significant difference in G6PDH deficiency between malaria patients with and without BWF.Conclusions: The physiopathology and optimal treatment of BWF remain similarly unknown as they were over a century ago. Empirical supporting treatment approach seems reasonable, while change of antimalarial drug and use of corticosteroids remain object of debate. Paola Rodari, Clin Microbiol Infect 2024;30:59 (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Der umwerfende Sänger: Il "Gelsomino" di Gianni Rodari in Austria tra traduzione e riscrittura. L\u27edizione Jugend & Volk del 1983
No full textIn 1983, three years after Gianni Rodari\u27s death, the Austrian publishing house Jugend & Volk published Hilfe, Benjamin singt! Abenteuer eines umwerfenden Sängers, the third German-language version, in chronological order, of his novel Gelsomino nel paese dei bugiardi, published in Italy in 1958 by Editori Riuniti. The Austrian translation follows the 1961 translation by Egon Wiszniewsky for Kinderbuchverlag (East Berlin) and the 1966 version by Ruth Wright for Thienemann Verlag (Stuttgart). It is therefore the first and only one to be published posthumously. The Jugend & Volk version by Hilde Leiter presents numerous anomalies at various levels: translational, linguistic, structural. In a brief introduction, the contribution outlines the reception of Rodari\u27s works in German-speaking countries, with particular reference to Gelsomino nel paese dei bugiardi and the author\u27s other novels. The body of the contribution analyses the translator\u27s rendition from a linguistic, semantic and more generally translatological perspective, considering the main deformations and comparing them, where necessary, with earlier versions, as well as with Rodari\u27s original. The analysis will continually question the translator\u27s attitudes towards the problems posed by the Italian text, in an attempt to identify recurring choices and divergent or convergent tendencies, either of an unconscious nature or the result of intentional choices, which sometimes border on rewriting. The conclusion proposes to reconstruct the position of Hilde Leiter\u27s German text in the "micro-constellation" of Gelsomini in German, both in terms of its translation manifestation and in the context of its reception in the German-speaking countriesNel 1983, tre anni dopo la morte di Gianni Rodari, l’editore austriaco Jugend & Volk pubblica Hilfe, Benjamin singt! Abenteuer eines umwerfenden Sängers, terza versione in lingua tedesca, in ordine cronologico, del suo romanzo-favola Gelsomino nel paese dei bugiardi, edito in Italia nel 1958 da Editori Riuniti. La traduzione austriaca segue quella del 1961 di Egon Wiszniewsky per Kinderbuchverlag di Berlino e la versione del 1966 di Ruth Wright per Thienemann Verlag di Stoccarda. È pertanto la prima e unica a essere pubblicata postuma. La versione Jugend & Volk, firmata da Hilde Leiter, presenta rispetto alle altre numerose anomalie a vari livelli: traduttivo, linguistico, strutturale. Il contributo tratteggia in una breve introduzione la ricezione delle opere di Rodari nei paesi di lingua tedesca, con particolare riferimento a Gelsomino nel paese dei bugiardi e agli altri romanzi-favola dell’autore. Il corpo del contributo analizza la resa della traduttrice in chiave linguistica, semantica e più in generale traduttologica, considerando le deformazioni principali e ponendole a confronto, laddove necessario, con le versioni precedenti, oltre che con l’originale rodariano. Nell’analisi verranno poste continuamente domande sugli atteggiamenti della traduttrice nei confronti dei problemi posti dal testo italiano, nel tentativo di individuare scelte ricorrenti e tendenze divergenti o convergenti radicate, tanto di natura inconsapevole quanto frutto di scelte volute, talora al limite della riscrittura. La conclusione si propone di ricostruire la posizione del testo tedesco di Hilde Leiter nella «microcostellazione» dei Gelsomini in lingua tedesca, tanto in termini di manifestazione traduttiva quanto nell’ambito della ricezione rodariana nell’area germanofona
Device-independent witness for the nonobjectivity of quantum dynamics
No full textQuantum Darwinism offers an explanation for the emergence of classical objective features (those we are used to at macroscopic scales) from quantum properties at the microscopic level. The interaction of a quantum system with its surroundings redundantly proliferates information to many parts of the environment, turning it accessible and objective to different observers. However, given that one cannot probe the quantum system directly, only its environment, how to determine whether an unknown quantum property can be deemed objective? Here we propose a probabilistic framework to analyze this question and show that objectivity implies a Bell-like inequality. Among several other results, we show quantum violations of this inequality, a device-independent proof of the nonobjectivity of quantum correlations. We also implement a photonic experiment where the temporal degree of freedom of photons is the quantum system of interest, while their polarization acts as the environment. Employing a fully black-box approach, we achieve the violation of a Bell-like inequality, thus certifying the nonobjectivity of the underlying quantum dynamics in a fully device-independent framework
Neorealism in the work of Gianni Rodari. Reflections 100 years after the birth of the author
No full textWithin the influence of Gramsci’s pedagogical model in the work of Gianni
Rodari, this article examines the novel Piccoli vagabondi (Small vagabonds) (1952-
1953), a unicum in the author’s production of Grammatica della fantasia (The Grammar
of Fantasy), as it is characterized by neorealistic themes and by a communicative
style that uses “proletarian” rhetoric, progressive vision and utopian elements. After
mentioning the national issue of the non-existence of children’s literature (which
Gramsci mentions in his essays on popular literature) and the neorealistic traits present
in Rodari, the paper enters more directly into the merit of the neorealist novel, which
presents itself as a document of the pedagogical effort (even contradictory) made by
the Partito Comunista Italiano (Italian Communist Party) in the political climate of the
“cold war” and as a testimony to the origin of the author’s search to reconcile realism
with fantasy, dream and invention
Gianni Rodari e le tecniche di fantasia
No full textItGianni Rodari (1920-1980) è ricordato come scrittore per l'infanzia, pedagogista, teorico della fantasia e giornalista. L'autore ha contribuito, per mezzo delle sue Opere, al rinnovamento stilistico e didattico. I temi della creatività e della divergenza predominano delle sue Opere letterarie. Lo scrittore per tanto, fa riferimento a una teoria della mente che tiene presente la fantasia, considerato elemento fondamentale della sua ricerca (Cambi, 1985, pp. 121-122). Nell'Opera maggiore, intitolata la Grammatica della Fantasia, vi sono presenti i temi e riportate delle tecniche tra cui "il binomio fantastico", "l'errore creativo" e "le fiabe". Le tecniche evidenziano l'intreccio tra narrativo, fantastico ed educazione mantenendo un'importante valenza educativa. Gli strumenti inoltre, sollecitano la fantasia del soggetto che lo portano a comprendere il suo mondo interiore e la realtà che lo circonda.EnGianni Rodari (1920-1980) is remembered as a childhood writer, pedagogist, fantasy theorist and journalist. The author contributed, through his works, to the stylistic and didacti crenewal. The themes of creativity and divergence predominate in hisliterary works. The writer therefore refers to a theory of the mindt hattakes imagination into account, considered a fundamental element of hisresearch (Cambi, 1985, pp. 121-122). In the Grammar of Fantasy, there are the themes and techniques reported including "the fantastic combination", "the creative error" and "fairytales". The techniques highlight the intertwining of narrative, fantasy and education while maintaining an important educational value. The instruments stimulate the imagination of the subject that leadhim to under stand his inner world and the reality that surrounds him
Teleportation of a genuine single-rail vacuum-one-photon qubit generated via a quantum dot source
No full textQuantum state teleportation represents a pillar of quantum information and a milestone on the roadmap towards quantum networks with a large number of nodes. Successful photonic demonstrations of this protocol have been carried out employing different qubit encodings. However, demonstrations in the Fock basis encoding are challenging, due to the impossibility of generating a coherent superposition of vacuum-one photon states on a single mode with linear optics. Indeed, previous realizations only allowed the teleportation of dual-rail entangled states, by exploiting ancillary electromagnetic modes. Here, instead, we enable the quantum teleportation of pure vacuum-one-photon qubits encoded in a single spatial mode, by exploiting coherent control of a resonantly excited semiconductor quantum dot in a micro-cavity. Within our setup, we can both teleport genuine single-rail vacuum-one-photon qubits and perform entanglement swapping. Our results may disclose new quantum information processing potentialities for this encoding, whose manipulation is achievable via quantum dot single-photon sources
Nell'officina creativa di Gianni Rodari: dal Quaderno di Fantastica al "Pioniere"
No full textThe paths explored by Italian author Gianni Rodari in analyzing and formalizing his poetry date back to the age of youth, when - in 1943 - he noted his intentions in a scratchpad, subsequently called "Quaderno di fantastica"('Book of wonderful'). Those notes, apparently scattered and lacking in logical sense, turned out to be an extraordinary basis for his future work, which would culminate in his famous masterpiece "Grammatica della fantasia" ("Grammar of fantasy") as well as in his postumous "Esercizi di fantasia" ("Exercises for Fantasy")- works that can better be comprehended only in the light of the entire, lifelong development of the writer's creative process. In his productin a point of reference is represented by his important journalistic activity as well, of which the present essay analyses the season related to the journal "Pioniere" where Rodari worked in the years 1950 - 1960
Aspects of the fantastic in the tales of Gianni Rodari
No full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to study the fantastic in the tales of the Italian children’s author Gianni Rodari. This analysis is grounded in the hypothesis that the fantastic is primarily characterized by two esthetic qualities, play and lightness, both of which are manifested at different levels in these texts, as well as in the relation between children and adults. As a background for the textual analysis in the present work, an introductory review is provided of previous research, followed by a historical and theoretical consideration of fantastical children’s literature, together with a study of Rodari’s own relation to the fantastic. For previous research, the results clearly indicate an arbitrary relationship to Rodari’s texts, such that the fantastic is admittedly recognized, but is often confused with the fairy-tale. However, the present review of the history of Italian fantastical literature for children indicates that Rodari is writing in a fantastical and humorous tradition that begins with Pinocchio, a tradition that is inter alia characterized by its ability to bridge the gap between children’s and adult literature. Based on theoretical definitions of the fairy-tale (Propp, Thompson, Lüthi) and the fantastic (Todorov, Rabkin, Jackson, Held), the present work presents its own model for the study of Rodari’s texts, which are also compared with the author’s own poetics, The Grammar of Fantasy. A narratological analysis of a tale with both a children’s and an adult version (in itself an example of crosswriting) demonstrates that the fantastic and the humoristic are given freer rein when Rodari is writing for children. This appears to be linked to his concept of the child as the ideal reader, a reader primarily defined by an open and unprejudiced attitude to literature, rather than by age per se. The dissertation’s study of play and lightness (lack of weight) clearly confirms the hypothesis that these elements are a major component of the fantastic in Rodari’s texts; the results nevertheless indicate that play dominates on the level of language, and lightness on that of content. One of the most important results of this dissertation is that Rodari’s texts, in addition to possessing certain stylistic characteristics, do not demonstrate any deeper similarities to fairy tales. Instead, the author’s tales share numerous characteristics with the traditional concept of the fantastic such as a clear reaction to the supernatural element, and a particular interest in both the material nature of language and existential liminal regions. At the same time, the results indicate several specific characteristics that distinguish the fantastic in Rodari from that which is written for adults, such as its explicit grounding in the child’s everyday existence and imaginative world, as well as its backgrounding of frightening aspects, with prominence instead being given to playfulness
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