1,720,983 research outputs found
Giovanni Fanelli, Histoire de la photographie d’architecture
Full text linkVoici enfin la traduction en français de l’ouvrage monumental – le mot s’impose – que Giovanni Fanelli, assisté de Barbara Mazza, a consacré à l’histoire de la photographie d’architecture. Dans une introduction très éclairante, après avoir rappelé que la photographie d’architecture est aussi ancienne que la photographie elle-même, puisque la première image connue de Nicéphore Nièpce représente une toiture et un pan de mur de sa maison du Gras de Saint-Loup, l’auteur distingue phénoménologique..
Keystone Species: What Are We Talking About?
Full text linkScience is often challenged by misuse of terminology. In most cases, this is due to an incomplete review of the literature. In spite of recent recommendations (Paine 1996), terms like "species' functional roles" are still used in a confused way, and original definitions are often misinterpreted. The "keystone species" concept (Paine 1966, 1969) is a case in point. In recent years, the overly expansive usage of the keystone concept has led to a redefinition of the term. According to the current interpretation (Power and Mills 1995, Power et al. 1996), keystones are only those species having a large, disproportionate effect, with respect to their biomass or abundance, on their community. Some operational tools are now available to distinguish not only between strong and weak interactors, but also between keystone and dominant species (Paine 1992, Navarrete and Menge 1996, Power et al. 1996, Hurlbert 1997). Khanina (1998) is the latest (but certainly not the last) author attributing the keystone status to dominant species or even to dominants with structural roles (see, for instance, MacIsaac et al. 1995, Procaccini et al. 1996, Hacker and Gaines 1997). Moreover, those species driving ecosystem processes or energy flows are generally referred as "key" species, but only a few of them are keystones. Putting keystones and key species in the same melting pot, as Khanina (1998) does, should be avoided. Therefore, trees and bisons are not keystones, just as the original keystone species identified by Paine was not the dominant mussel, but its starfish predator
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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