101,565 research outputs found
Susie Mae Gillman Jackson
No full textSusie Mae Gillman Jackson is the daughter of William T. and Katherine McKowen Jackson. She married William Elija Jackson on October 24, 1911. She died August 7, 1967
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Slow Convergence of Ising and Spin Glass Models with Well-Separated Frustrated Vertices
No full textMany physical models undergo phase transitions as some parameter of the system is varied. This phenomenon has bearing on the convergence times for local Markov chains walking among the configurations of the physical system. One of the most basic examples of this phenomenon is the ferromagnetic Ising model on an n x n square lattice region Lambda with mixed boundary conditions. For this spin system, if we fix the spins on the top and bottom sides of the square to be + and the left and right sides to be -, a standard Peierls argument based on energy shows that below some critical temperature t_c, any local Markov chain M requires time exponential in n to mix.
Spin glasses are magnetic alloys that generalize the Ising model by specifying the strength of nearest neighbor interactions on the lattice, including whether they are ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic. Whenever a face of the lattice is bounded by an odd number of edges with ferromagnetic interactions, the face is considered frustrated because the local competing objectives cannot be simultaneously satisfied. We consider spin glasses with exactly four well-separated frustrated faces that are symmetric around the center of the lattice region under 90 degree rotations. We show that local Markov chains require exponential time for all spin glasses in this class. This class includes the ferromagnetic Ising model with mixed boundary conditions described above, where the frustrated faces are on the boundary. The standard Peierls argument breaks down when the frustrated faces are on the interior of Lambda and yields weaker results when they are on the boundary of Lambda but not near the corners. We show that there is a universal temperature T below which M will be slow for all spin glasses with four well-separated frustrated faces. Our argument shows that there is an exponentially small cut indicated by the free energy, carefully exploiting both entropy and energy to establish a small bottleneck in the state space to establish slow mixing
Inflation and Balanced-Path Growth with Alternative Payment Mechanisms
No full textThe paper shows that contrary to conventional wisdom an endogenous growth economy with human capital and alternative payment mechanisms can robustly explain major facets of the long run inflation experience. A negative inflation-growth relation is explained, including a striking nonlinearity found re-peatedly in empirical studies. A set of Tobin (1965) effects are also explained and, further, linked in magnitude to the growth effects through the interest elasticity of money demand. Undis-closed previously, this link helps fill out the intuition of how the inflation experience can be plausibly explained in a robust fashion with a model extended to include credit as a payment mechanism.Human capital, cash-in-advance, interest-elasticity, credit production
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Inflation and Growth: Some Theory and Evidence
No full textThe paper presents a monetary model of endogenous growth and specifies an econometric model consistent with it. The economic model suggests a negative inflation-growth effect, and one that is stronger at lower levels of inflation. Empirical evaluation of the model is based on a large panel of OECD and APEC member countries over the years 1961-1997. The hypothesized negative inflation effect is found comprehensively for the OECD countries to be significant and, as in the theory, to increase marginally as the inflation rate falls. For APEC countries, the results from using instrumental variables also show significant evidence of a similar behavior.Endogenous Growth, Panel Data, Inflation, Non-linearity
Pelevin’s Trinity in the novel “t”: author – protagonist – reader
No full textThe article attempts to interpret Pelevin's artistic strategy in the novel "T" by exploring its subject organization and addressing the key problems of the author, the protagonist, and the reader as they are seen by the researcher. The article analyzes the peculiarities of constructing the narrative reality in the novel "T", and goes on to discuss Pelevin's philosophic models of the development of the humankind, and the emergence of his new anthropology
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
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