1,721,017 research outputs found
Commoning repair : framing a community response to transitioning waste economies
No full textLocal councils in Australia are faced with the urgency of managing bulky household waste and responding to diminishing capacity for landfilling, at a time when policy is calling for ambitious economic reform. Policy and planning responses at national, state and local government levels clearly identify moving toward a circular economy as integral to the sustainable future of Australian cities. Drawing on two studies exploring cultures of repair and community waste practices in western Sydney—one of the most culturally diverse and rapidly transforming urban areas in the world—we show that the transition to a circular economy means a recalibration of the relationship between governments and communities, and a renegotiation of responsibilities for managing household waste. We propose that amongst the first tasks in this transition are to identify and align plural economies of material circulation at the community level including practices of reuse, repair and share, with a circular economy agenda, creating a ‘repair commons’
Introduction
No full textThe exhaustion of natural resources, climatic disasters and volume of waste we are currently facing, require repair to be at the forefront of design as a first responder. Product longevity and durability, despite being acknowledged as properties to establish in design practice, have not been widely accepted as design standards. At the same time, decolonial, place-based repair approaches led by communities and grassroots initiatives, provide valuable insights into maintenance and restoration. The above conditions invite a profound exploration of how design could become a leading agent of repair; they also evoke an inquiry of existing repair practices grounded in lived experience that could change design theory and practice. This book offers clarity regarding the existing and potential directions of repair, having at their epicentre design as a principal force. Its chapters advance approaches opening design to a diversity of practices, positions and collaborations that are explored through four themes: Design/Repair and Socio-material Conditions; Grassroots Design/Repair Activism; Design/Repair: Decolonial approaches; and Community-led and Placed-based Design/Repair. A roundtable discussion by the editors concludes the book
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Roundtable : a discussion about design/repair
No full textThe roundtable was an opportunity for the editors, as a group of design academics investigating repair, to explore themes raised by the chapters of this book. The exchange of experiences and opinions gathered individual and collective responses concerning design’s relationship to repair, community and grassroots approaches, activism and decoloniality within the context of repair. The conversation started with a question: how can culturally diverse communities contribute to an understanding of repair cultures and design-led repair? The various responses coming from the editors help identify how repair integrates with design in relation to the past, present and future conditions of waste, the burden of maladaptation caused by poor design, and how transdisciplinarity could positively impact design, production and planned obsolescence. The discussion concludes with a shared acknowledgement of repair, in its broader, ontological and expanded sense, being too important to be ignored by governance, legislation and industry. In this context, design researchers must raise the stakes in terms of supporting the sustaining and adaptive role of repair in precarious conditions, globally and locally
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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