1,721,037 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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Species interactions and climate change in the loss of Joshua trees and the role of eco-arts for understanding multispecies connections
Get PDFHuman induced global change has greatly contributed to species loss with profound consequences for humans and other organisms. With the rapid pace of climate change and the slow adoption of sustainable actions, I argue that art-science integrated research can enhance our understanding of interspecies connections and support the development of sustainable societies. Working with iconic Joshua trees as a symbol of the nature/culture interface, I take an ecological, eco-art, and multispecies studies approach to understand the ways that climate change impacts the important symbiotic interactions that regulate Joshua tree distribution and how art can provide a meaningful connection to that work. First, I characterize and quantify populations of Joshua trees and their key symbionts – moth pollinators and mycorrhizal fungi – across a climate gradient in Joshua Tree National Park, to understand how their context-dependent associations change with climate and the resulting implications for tree survival. I found that moth number, trees number, and all measures of tree vigor peaked around the same elevation, but that the moths were not present at Joshua tree range extremes even though the trees were flowering at those locations. I also found that the reproductive success of Joshua trees is tightly linked to pollinator abundance, and the conditional outcomes (magnitude of the fitness benefit) of the mutualism change depending on where it occurs on the elevation gradient. Likewise, we found that fungal communities change with elevation, and that different fungal communities resulted in a spectrum of interaction outcomes from mutualism to parasitism that depended on the developmental stage of the plant. These are important examples of how climate change can impact species distributions directly (acting on either the moth, the fungi, or the Joshua tree) as well as indirectly by affecting the interactions between them. Next, I discuss my research findings in relation to the California Desert Protection and Recreation Act, highlighting areas where the Act falls short on Joshua tree protection and recommending future research and policy considerations. Finally, I discuss how those ecological findings, when colored by Donna Haraway’s multispecies studies approach, influence my multimedia social-practice art work Staying with the Trouble for Joshua Trees. My art practice engages diverse communities in the experience and discourse of species loss in three media: an experimental and conceptual painted soil study, a stop motion animation, and a mock online dating site to meet Joshua trees. Through this work I discuss how art can be a powerful tool for social change, both as an inquiry-based practice and a platform to share complex environmental issues with a diverse public
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Fungal Ecology and Ecosystem-based Management of Special Forest Products
Get PDFFungi shape the dynamics of natural ecosystems as pathogens, nutritional mutualists, and decomposers. They are also important as Special Forest Products with cultural and economic significance. I took an interdisciplinary approach to understand how fungal reproduction varies in response to abiotic (weather) and biotic (vegetation) factors, and how forest managers in the Pacific Northwest manage collaborative activities associated with Special Forest Products. I used three complementary approaches to examine temporal and spatial variation in reproduction in fungal communities. First, I measured the phenology of airborne fungal spores in coast redwood forests, mixed-evergreen forests, and maritime chaparral in coastal California, USA. Temporal patterns in meteorological factors (relative humidity, temperature) were more important in determining airborne fungal spore abundance than was vegetation type. This suggests that overall patterns of fungal reproductive dynamics may be predictable across heterogeneous landscapes based on local weather. Second, I used novel metagenomic techniques to identify unculturable and culturable airborne fungi across a vegetation mosaic. I found that the assemblages of fungal species vary strongly over time, with little spatial structure associated with habitat types. Third, for airborne spores collected from different vegetation types, I measured physical traits that may be important for survival, dispersal, or response to environmental change. I found larger and elongated spores in dry and structurally open vegetation (chaparral) compared to smaller and rounder spores in wet and structurally closed vegetation (forests). These results suggest that fungi in chaparral possess spore traits that allow them to persist and disperse in harsh, dry, open conditions. Finally, I examined the position of Special Forest Products like mushrooms and berries, in large-scale, collaborative planning for ecosystem-based management and the role of stakeholder participation to improve natural resource management. Working in the Pacific Northwest, I conducted a regional survey and interviews with national forest managers and found that collaborative activities occur at small scales (< 20 acres) and are driven by bi-lateral stakeholder interactions and legal obligations to stakeholders such as federally recognized Native American Tribes. These findings modify existing hypotheses on collaboration of natural resources and can aid national forests in future collaborative resource management
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