300 research outputs found
The macroecology of airborne pollen in Australian and New Zealand urban areas
No full textThe composition and relative abundance of airborne pollen in urban areas of Australia and New Zealand are strongly influenced by geographical location, climate and land use. There is mounting evidence that the diversity and quality of airborne pollen is substantially modified by climate change and land-use yet there are insufficient data to project the future nature of these changes. Our study highlights the need for long-term aerobiological monitoring in Australian and New Zealand urban areas in a systematic, standardised, and sustained way, and provides a framework for targeting the most clinically significant taxa in terms of abundance, allergenic effects and public health burden
ELM-Wet
No full textELM-Wet: Inclusion of a wetland land unit with sub-grid representation of eco-hydrological patches and hydrological forcing in the E3SM Land Model (ELM)If you use this software, please cite it as below
The mechanistic action and application of a beta-3 selective adrenergic modulator (LY488756) in finishing cattle
No full textAnimal-derived food products provide protein, vitamins, and minerals necessary for a healthy diet. In the next few decades, the expansion of global animal agriculture will be forced to keep pace with an expected world population growth of 2.3 billion people. Feeding the growing world will either mean producing more food with the same resources or making drastic changes to the way the world currently produces food. Growth promoting technology can be used in livestock production to increase live efficiency and improve yields of animal-derived food products. An example of a growth promoting technology in beef cattle is beta-adrenergic agonists. Research was conducted to gain a greater understanding of the mechanistic action and practical application of LY488756, a selective β3-adrenergic modulator, when fed to finishing cattle. When our efforts began, LY488756 was an investigational compound designed for the finishing phase of beef cattle. LY488756 is described as a selective β-adrenergic modulator with reported agonist effects on β3 adrenergic receptors and antagonistic effects on β1 and β2 adrenergic receptors. Much is still unknown about this compound, however clinical research suggests increased growth rate, improved feed efficiency, and more effective nutrient partitioning in finishing cattle. Using existing knowledge of beta-adrenergic agonist compounds (ractopamine hydrochloride, zilpaterol hydrochloride, and clenbuterol hydrochloride) may be helpful in understanding the basic mechanistic function and potential for application of LY488756. During the summer of 2014 (June-August), thirty-five finishing cattle were fed at the University of Illinois Beef and Sheep Field Research Laboratory. Cattle were fed LY488756 for 28 d or 56 d, ractopamine hydrochloride for 28 d or 56 d, or a control diet for 56 d. Primary objectives of this study were to study the effects of LY488756 on mechanistic action, which included beta-receptor subtype parameters, protein abundance of uncoupling protein-1, which is a marker of increased thermogenesis, and blood metabolic response. Protein expression was not different among treatments for any of the three β-adrenergic receptor subtypes when analyzed with western blotting procedures. Abundance of uncoupling protein-1 was not significantly increased in cattle fed LY488756 when compared with cattle not fed LY488756. Baseline and glucose-induced insulin levels were reduced in cattle fed LY488756 and in cattle fed ractopamine hydrochloride compared with cattle fed control. These results suggested 1) beta-receptor subtype proteins, although they may or may not remain active, were equally expressed after feeding cattle LY488756 for 28 d and 56 d, ractopamine hydrochloride for 28 d and 56 d, or a control diet; 2) cattle fed LY488756 did not experience increased thermogenesis as indicated by the lack of an increase in uncoupling protein-1; and 3) finishing cattle fed LY488756 and ractopamine hydrochloride become more insulin sensitive compared with cattle not fed LY488756 or ractopamine hydrochloride.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01The student, Benjamin Bohrer, accepted the attached license on 2016-08-25 at 14:45.The student, Benjamin Bohrer, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-08-25 at 14:46.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-08-26 at 14:28.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10127 on 2021-03-04 at 16:29:41Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-05T21:45:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2016-08-26Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 117250
Lift date: 2023-03-05T21:45:47Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 117250
Lift date: 2023-03-05T21:47:41Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimite
Green Solutions for Wet Weather Management
No full textManaging storm runoff and sewer overflow remains one of the largest challenges of sustainable environmental design for cities. Combined Sewer Overflows (CSO) can be mitigated by means of "green" infrastructure. A CSO results when a major rain event causes a storm surge within the cities network of combined sewers. A combined sewer houses the flow of both sanitary and storm water. These CSOs are harmful to the environment as they release waste water into natural ecosystems when the system is overflowing with storm water. "Green" infrastructure solutions for CSOs have been developed and implemented into various cities around the country, yet little has been done to quantify and objectively forecast their potential effects.
Green infrastructure can be defined as any form of storm water capture and retention prior to its introduction into a sewer network. Examples of green infrastructure include but are not limited to: green roofs, permeable pavements, cisterns, rain gardens and vegetated swales. The implementation of green infrastructure relies heavily on the characteristics of the land and the built environment. Using the city of Columbus as a test case, we categorized a scheme of green infrastructure scenarios based on varying attributes of the city landscape. We segmented the city into discrete catchments and categorized them based of surface type, size, drainage and topographic slope. For each catchment type we compare simulations with and without different "green" solutions. We applied the USGS Technical Release 55 method (TR-55) to determine the peak unit discharge of runoff before and after the implementation of green infrastructure in each sub-catchment type. Our simulation results show that the implementation of green infrastructure will serve to limit peak discharge and total volume of runoff and thus prevent much storm water from overflowing the sewer network.No embarg
Simulating Aerial Migrations through Use of Empirical Movement Models
No full textAerial migrations are historically difficult to observe and quantify, especially the environment in which these migration take place. However, with increasingly accurate tracking methods and international datasets containing remote sensing and weather renalyses, it is becoming easier to observe this environment and find the conditions that mostly affect the migrants. Track annotation is the method of combining the tracking data with the environmental data, and can be used to create models of the animals’ movement. I performed a track annotation of Swainson’s thrush and created an empirical model based on the environmental conditions that mostly affect the flight. A Swainson’s thrush (Catharus ustulatus) is a small songbird that migrates from northeastern North America to Central and South America in the winter. This annual migration involves a 1000-kilometer trip across the Gulf of Mexico. Little is known about the details surrounding this annual flight, including the variables that affect the flight itself. In a National Science Foundation (NSF) funded experiment, the thrushes are tracked by a radio transmitter which allows us to record arrival and departure timestamps of the transGulf flight. The Environmental-Data Automated Track Annotation (Env-DATA) system—a data exploration system developed through Movebank (www.movebank.org) and The Ohio State University allows us to link the movement track with data from global and regional weather reanalysis models and remote sensing. I annotated the movement tracks with several different environmental variables and followed a hierarchal process to build a series of empirical movement models. I concluded that the combination of boundary layer height and wind speed most strongly affect the flight.National Science Foundation (IOS Award #1147096)NASA (grant #NNX11AP61G)National Geographic Society Committee on Research and Exploration (Award # 8971-11)Eastern Illinois University (Research and Creative Activity Awards to J.L.D. and L.S.)University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignNo embargoAcademic Major: Environmental Engineerin
Enough with the Caricatures: Now is the Time for Solidarity
No full textThis book review discusses Ashley J. Bohrer\u27s book Marxism and Intersectionality: Race, Gender, Class and Sexuality under Contemporary Capitalism. The author explores the possible connections between Marxism and intersectionality, in order to construct a framework that would be capable of challenging the systems of domination as they are produced under contemporary capitalism. By considering their histories and debates, Bohrer attempts to formulate a possible shared future for the two schools of thought.This book review discusses Ashley J. Bohrer\u27s book Marxism and Intersectionality: Race, Gender, Class and Sexuality under Contemporary Capitalism. The author explores the possible connections between Marxism and intersectionality, in order to construct a framework that would be capable of challenging the systems of domination as they are produced under contemporary capitalism. By considering their histories and debates, Bohrer attempts to formulate a possible shared future for the two schools of thought
laagee/Agee_et_al_2020_RWU: Model Parameterizations for Agee et al. 2020
No full text<p>This release contains model parameterizations for simulations performed as described by Agee et al. 2021.</p>
<p>Agee, E., He, L., Bisht, G., Couvreur, V., Shahbaz, P., Meunier, F., Gough, C.M., Matheny, A., Bohrer, G., and Ivanov, V.Y. (2021). Root lateral interactions drive water uptake patterns under water limitation. <em>Advances in Water Resources</em>, <em>151</em>, 103896. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.103896">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.103896</a></p>
Going Beyond the “Whole Wetland”: Small-Scale Within-Wetland Heterogeneity, Translates To Big Difference in Methane Flux Dynamics and Regulation
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