1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Body image perception and attitudes towards lifestyle interventions among obese pregnant women in Nairobi, Kenya
No full textBackground: Obesity is of growing concern across the sub-Saharan region especially among urban women and therefore one of the most common factors creating risk during pregnancy. An attempt to prevent the associated complications should be sought through lifestyle changes aiming at a minimal pregnancy-related weight gain. The literature suggests a greater acceptance of a larger body size and a tendency to develop body size misperceptions among women of African descent. This cultural construct may challenge efforts to introduce lifestyle changes. Objective: To investigate body image perceptions, body size misperceptions and attitudes towards life style changes among obese, pregnant women in Nairobi, Kenya. Design & Methodology: A qualitative study comprising of 18 semi-structured interviews with antenatal attendees of African descent at \u3c 20 weeks of gestation with a BMI \u3e 30 kg/m2. Body image, body size misperceptions and body image ideals were explored using a figure rating scale. Results: The introduction of lifestyle changes among obese, pregnant women in urban Kenya might be challenged in several ways; Body size misperceptions and tolerance of a larger body size were common findings. Lack of any acute health concerns, limited knowledge about obesity related pregnancy complications and skepticism regarding the relationship between health and body size represented additional barriers to change. Physical barriers to exercise such as fatigue and nausea were mentioned though the fear of miscarriage was the most important hindrance to engage in physical activity during pregnancy. Possible facilitators to initiate lifestyle changes were awareness of the weight problem among all respondents, previous attempts to lose weight among all except one and a positive attitude towards exercise in pregnancy and weight gain control when informed of its safety and the possible weight related complications. Conclusion: Health care providers managing obese pregnant women in urban Kenya must consider the cultural perception of body size, the possibility of body size misperceptions and the socio-cultural determinants guiding lifestyle choices in the development of targeted interventions addressing obesity in pregnancy
Fetal Myocardial Performance Index in the Late Third Trimester for the Prediction of Intrapartum Cardiotocographic Abnormalities
Get PDFObjective
We sought to determine whether fetal myocardial performance index (MPI) performed in the late third trimester could predict abnormal intrapartum cardiotocographic (CTG) patterns. Methods
A prospective observational study including women presenting for fetal growth ultrasound from 32 weeks. Three consecutive measurements of the left ventricular MPI were obtained and averaged. The patients’ intrapartum CTG events were later observed. Results
A total of 299 women were analyzed. The fetal MPI across the population were 0.41, 0.50 and 0.63, representing 10th, 50th and 90th centiles, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) did not show a significant difference in MPI values across intrapartum findings for normal, suspicious and pathological CTGs [F (3, 298) = 0.417, p = 0.57], and upon logistic regression, no relationship was observed between MPI and abnormal intrapartum CTG: odds ratio (OR) 2.15; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) (0.036–160.9); p = 0.718. There was also no difference in mean fetal MPI for those women who had pre-eclampsia [0.36; 95% CI (-0.04 to 0.05); p = 0.76], gestational diabetes [t (57.31) = -0.34, p = 0.73] and fetal growth restriction [0.49; 95% CI (-0.02 to 0.06); p = 0.56] compared to the low-risk women. Furthermore, MPI had a modest sensitivity (62.5%) and specificity (50.9%) with a positive and negative predictive value of 31.3% and 79.2%, respectively, for detecting abnormal intrapartum CTG. The discriminatory ability of MPI for abnormal CTG was also poor (AUC = 0.53), besides having minimal diagnostic value (positive likelihood ratio of 1.27% and negative predictive value of 0.74%). No association was found between fetal MPI and admission to neonatal intensive care unit: OR 0.53; 95% CI (0.19–1.51). Conclusion
Fetal MPI obtained in the late third trimester is a poor predictor for abnormal intrapartum fetal heart patterns and neonatal outcomes. Summary Myocardial performance index is higher in fetuses with fetal growth restriction, obstetric cholestasis, gestational diabetes mellitus and is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Myocardial hypoxia could lead to abnormal intrapartum fetal heart rate patterns on cardiotocogram. There is no correlation between a high myocardial performance index and intrapartum cardiotocographic abnormalities
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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