1,721,038 research outputs found
Gli algoritmi nelle piattaforme di Citizen Science: tra promesse di partecipazione e bias
No full textAutomatizing Green Practices? The Analysis of Reverse Vending Machines as a Re-contamination of Theories of Practices
Full text linkThe analysis I bring to the present symposium about contamination of practice theories concentrates on potential reconfiguration of domestic waste management as social practice through the installation of Reverse Vending Machines (RVMs). Being them designed to collect plastic bottles and caps assigning a reward to whom bestows them, this research concentrates on RVMs functioning and the re-composition of everyday practices they are supposed to bring. The analysis re-contaminates theories of practices encompassing consumptions studies, sustainability and Actor-Network Theory’s concepts within the broader framework of environmental sociology. These three scholarships already contaminated theories of practices and contributed sensibly to strengthen their application. I will review the essence of these contributions and, moving from that, I will further explore the agency of objects within everyday social practices relying on the case study of RVMs. Through media analysis further informed by fieldnotes about direct observation and informal interviews, I will reconstruct the RVM rationale highlighting the connections with material arrangements of everyday practices
Theoretical Inputs for Empirical Outputs: The Lenses of Science and Technology Studies from Digital Media for Exploring Algorithms in Healthcare
No full textDo the Media Refuse Refused Knowledge?
Full text linkThis chapter examines trends in the coverage and framing of the reporting of refused knowledge across Italian mainstream newspapers. Taking into consideration the media are relevant for the analysis of RKCs, firstly given RKC followers’ beliefs that media outlets are to be considered the ‘in-house organs’ of the scientific elites, and as such an inherently untrustworthy source of information. This chapter will enquire into media treatment of refused knowledge, in eight major Italian newspapers, with a view of analysing the extent to which the media address and/or reject refused knowledge attributable to the four RKCs examined in this volume. The focus is on the issues advocated by four RKCs concerned in two interconnected ways: a quantitative presentation of coverage through a longitudinal analysis, highlighting an agenda-cutting process, and a qualitative account produced by means of content analysis addressing the issue of the institutionalisation of scientific knowledge through the delegitimation of RKC claims. This content analysis enables us to consider the framing of the coverage and whether it reinforces science or opens up to public questioning of scientific knowledge. The chapter concludes by providing a balanced view of the institutionalisation-discreditation dichotomy as the output of the media representation of refused knowledge
The Encounters of Science and Technology Studies with Algorithms in the Analysis of Healthcare
No full textThis chapter introduces the main goal of the book “Reframing Algorithms”, which is to offer a comprehensive exploration of the encounters between Science and Technology Studies (STS) and a less-covered topic in the STS debate: the design and use of algorithmic technologies in healthcare. The debate about algorithmic technologies in healthcare tend to polarised between enthusiastic and critical positions. Although they might differences, these opposed outlooks tend to share as common ground a deterministic perspective on algorithms, conceiving them as invisible and autonomous “entities”. In contrast this edited book, the contributions gathered for this edited book aim to shed light on the social processes through which algorithms are enacted. Different authors, as briefly anticipated in this chapter, provide theoretical and empirically informed about how algorithms are being incorporated into healthcare settings
L'organizzazione algoritmica: tecnologia, performance e automazione
No full textL’organizzazione algoritmica: tecnologia, performance e automazion
Images of Nature through Platforms. Practices and Relationships as a Research Field and an Epistemic Vantage Point of DEH
No full textContemporarily, digital images are produced and shared ubiquitously. By taking stock of this phenomenon through the lens of the DEH, this chapter will consider such images and pictures as cultural products. It will illustrate that digital photographs offer an opportunity to study cultural practices and how people interact with nature and focus on how research is being shaped and enacted through web platforms. A key issue in DEH debates is the notion of “field” and the use of images for online research on “nature,” which can be framed by science and technology studies literature on the scholarly deployment of digital tools. Firstly, this chapter will provide a historical review of the relationship between the production and use of images involving nature and environments. Secondly, it will provide a description of the changes that digitalisation (first) and datafication (afterwards) have brought to society and the social sciences. Digital platforms have provided a reshuffle of previous practices and new configurations. Less featured in DEH debates is a focus on platforms for citizen science projects, where non-professionals contribute to scientific activities, often based on collecting specimens and pictures of nature and wildlife online. By investigating this emerging “field,” the epistemic value of studying images of nature and environments in the context of “digital citizen science” practices can be highlighted
Socio Economic Implication for Individual Responses to Air Pollution policies in EU +27 - Policy Brief n. 3
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