1,720,969 research outputs found
Quanta variazione è possibile nella concordanza negativa? I dati del greco classico
No full textLa concordanza negativa è una strategia per esprimere la negazione di frase che si riscontra piuttosto frequentemente nelle lingue. Le dimensioni di variazione individuate dagli studi tipologici pongono interessanti interrogativi dal punto di vista della teoria sintattica, in particolare per quanto riguarda la distinzione tra concordanza negativa simmetrica e asimmetrica. Il presente contributo rappresenta una riflessione su questi temi attraverso l’esame dei dati del greco classico, che è caratterizzato da un sistema asimmetrico con interessanti peculiarità rispetto a quelli maggiormente studiati. Sulla base di questi dati, si propone un’interpretazione originale dei fattori che determinano l’esistenza della concordanza negativa asimmetrica
Making reference to categories through heterogeneity: the use of iroiro and samazama ‘various’ in Japanese
No full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate the use of Japanese adjectives iroiro and samazama whenever they are added to category labels, with the aim of making reference to conceptual categories. In real-life interactions, when speakers want to designate specific contextually relevant categories, they can use a wide range of linguistic strategies, from constructions that rely on the mention of category members (i.e. exemplification), to the creation of complex ad hoc labels. On the contrary, the designation of broader superordinate categories seems less straightforward and is made even more complex by inferential processes like lexical narrowing that favor more contextually dependent interpretation. In this regard, we will argue that the use of adjectives like iroiro and samazama (‘various’) that explicitly stress numerosity and heterogeneity is frequently exploited by speakers to stop contextual inferences, guiding the hearer to construe broader superordinate categories. In particular, we identify heterogeneity as the semantic component that triggers broadening inferences, discussing its role in categorization processes. Finally, we will also argue that the use of adjectives stressing numerosity can be used by speakers to further emphasize the non-exhaustivity of a given linguistic construction, facilitating the construal of reference to conceptual categories
Making reference to categories through heterogeneity: the use of iroiro and samazama ‘various’ in Japanese
No full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate the use of Japanese adjectives iroiro and samazama whenever they are added to category labels, with the aim of making reference to conceptual categories. In real-life interactions, when speakers want to designate specific contextually relevant categories, they can use a wide range of linguistic strategies, from constructions that rely on the mention of category members (i.e. exemplification), to the creation of complex ad hoc labels. On the contrary, the designation of broader superordinate categories seems less straightforward and is made even more complex by inferential processes like lexical narrowing that favor more contextually dependent interpretation. In this regard, we will argue that the use of adjectives like iroiro and samazama (‘various’) that explicitly stress numerosity and heterogeneity is frequently exploited by speakers to stop contextual inferences, guiding the hearer to construe broader superordinate categories. In particular, we identify heterogeneity as the semantic component that triggers broadening inferences, discussing its role in categorization processes. Finally, we will also argue that the use of adjectives stressing numerosity can be used by speakers to further emphasize the non-exhaustivity of a given linguistic construction, facilitating the construal of reference to conceptual categories
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Verso una tipologia delle costruzioni plurazionali nelle lingue del mondo
No full textIl presente contributo mira a fornire una panoramica del fenomeno conosciuto come plurazionalità nelle lingue del mondo. Dopo una breve introduzione, mostrerò le principali funzioni che le marche plurazionali codificano a livello interlinguistico e cercherò di spiegare la loro multifunzionalità tramite il metodo delle mappe semantiche. Passerò poi ad analizzare le principali strategie di marcatura e a discutere uno dei problemi teorici ad esse correlati, nello specifico, se si possa realmente parlare di suppletivismo per quanto riguarda la strategia dell’alternanza della base. Quindi presenterò quali sono le sorgenti diacroniche che è possibile identificare a livello interlinguistico. Infine, mi soffermerò a riflettere sulle difficoltà di chi ha tentato di classificare le costruzioni plurazionali in categorie grammaticali prestabilite e considerate come universalmente valide. Alla luce dei dati analizzati, mostrerò come in realtà la comparazione tipologica non possa basarsi sulle categorie linguistiche, ma su concetti creati ad hoc (comparative concept) dai linguisti per poter rendere conto della diversità linguistica
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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