1,720,961 research outputs found
Hybrid Choice Model to analyze electric car sharing demand in a university community
No full textSharing Mobility is characterized by a high digital component able to supply customers with a considerable level of flexibility in urban trips. The study was conducted focusing on the E-go car sharing project, promoted by University of Roma Tre and Enel Energia S.p.A. E-go is an university electric car sharing system. The paper provides a double contribution to the research activity on sharing mobility: i) the exploration of the electric car sharing potential demand among students; ii) the implementation of an Hybrid Choice Model to analyze the role of the pro-environmental attitude on the users' willingness to use car sharing. The analysis has been based on the data collected in a survey among the potential users of the e-go car sharing service. One of the first findings of the study is that the pro-environmental attitude doesn't significantly influence the choice of the users. The authors suggest to the car sharing operators and to the policy makers to take in consideration the results of the study in order to plan promotional strategies and to develop policies aiming at supporting the spread of this service
An optimization model and genetic-based matheuristic for parking slot rent optimization to carsharing
No full textCarsharing represents a major example of smart mobility service that allows a customer to rent a vehicle for a limited amount of time paying a per-minute fee. It may relieve people of the costly and non-sustainable burden of owning a car, especially when residing in a city. Though the spread of carsharing may bring significative benefits to (smart) cities, its penetration can be obstructed by non-up-to-date regulations, which can be still tied to a non-smart vision of mobility. In this study, we provide an overview of remarkable city regulations for carsharing, particularly highlighting the importance that parking policies can have in favouring the diffusion and use of carsharing services. Given such importance, we characterize the optimization problem of a local government that wants to analytically choose the best subset of parking slots to rent to carsharing companies, in order to improve urban mobility. To model and solve the problem we propose a new Binary Linear Programming problem and genetic-based matheuristic. Finally, we present results from computational tests referring to realistic data of the Italian city of Rome, showing that our optimization approach can return a fair territorial distribution of the parking slots, satisfying various families of constraints limiting the distribution
Real time ridesharing: Understanding user behavior and policies impact: Carpooling service case study in Lazio Region, Italy
No full textSeek & Beautify: Integrating UAVs in the optimal beautification of e-scooter sharing fleets
No full textElectric scooter (e-scooter) sharing has recently known a wide success in many cities all around the world. Nevertheless, it has also generated issues due to risky and improper behaviour of its users. Wild parking, namely parking without caring about the rules of the road, has in particular become a major issue and has induced an increasing number of cities to impose bans and fines to e-scooter sharing. To tackle wild parking, we introduced the figure of the beautificator, an agent hired by a sharing company with the specific task to reposition e-scooters for guaranteeing urban decorum. In this paper, we propose to increase the effectiveness of the beautificators by integrating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in their activities: remotely controlled UAVs equipped with cameras are deployed to fly across the sharing service area for identifying e-scooters that require beautification with priority. Thanks to the UAVs, the beautificators do not have to operate blindly, touring locations of parked e-scooters without knowing their parking condition, but can readily learn which e-scooters require their immediate attention. We formulate the problem of optimally scheduling the joint actions of beautificators and UAVs, taking into account beautification constraints, battery limits of UAVs and the possibility of swapping exhausted UAV batteries. For tackling this problem, we propose a mixed integer programming model and a heuristic for accelerating the convergence to the optimum of a state-of-the-art optimization solver, reporting results of computational tests over realistic instances
A Beautiful Fleet: Optimal Repositioning in E-scooter Sharing Systems for Urban Decorum
No full textIn recent years, many electric scooters (e-scooters) sharing companies have appeared around the world. However, a major issue that has soon become apparent is that a consistent part of the users is prone to park the e-scooters without caring about the rules of the road, abandoning them in locations and positions that greatly reduce urban decorum and may interfere with pedestrians and other vehicles. To cope with the issue of bad parking and to not compromise acceptance of e-scooters by city residents, some sharing companies have started to include correcting the position of wrongly parked scooters as an important part of their operations. In this work, we address the problem of optimally managing the actions of a set of agents who are hired by a sharing company expressly for repositioning e-scooters in order to guarantee urban decorum. We call these agents beautificators, since their fundamental task is to reposition scooters over short distances (even just a few meters), so to fix inappropriate and disordered parking made by users. We stress that such repositioning must not be confounded with traditional relocation made in vehicle-sharing systems to rebalance fleets in the service area: rebalancing is made over medium and long city distances and is primarily aimed at guaranteeing a balanced distribution of vehicles in the service area, better satisfying the demand and increasing the overall profit. To the best of our knowledge, such optimization problem has not yet been considered in literature and we propose to model it by Integer Linear Programming and solve it by means of a matheuristic, which offers a good performance on realistic data instances defined in collaboration with e-scooter sharing professionals
Hybrid choice model to analyze electric car sharing demand in a university community
No full textSharing Mobility is characterized by a high digital component able to supply customers with a considerable level of flexibility in urban trips. The study was conducted focusing on the E-go car sharing project, promoted by University of Roma Tre and Enel Energia S.p.A. E-go is an university electric car sharing system. The paper provides a double contribution to the research activity on sharing mobility: i) the exploration of the electric car sharing potential demand among students; ii) the implementation of an Hybrid Choice Model to analyze the role of the pro-environmental attitude on the users' willingness to use car sharing. The analysis has been based on the data collected in a survey among the potential users of the e-go car sharing service. One of the first findings of the study is that the pro-environmental attitude doesn't significantly influence the choice of the users. The authors suggest to the car sharing operators and to the policy makers to take in consideration the results of the study in order to plan promotional strategies and to develop policies aiming at supporting the spread of this service
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Analysis and management of E-scooter sharing service in Italy
No full textElectric micromobility is increasing in popularity as an urban transportation option. It might help reducing traffic externalities as well as providing last mile solutions and complementary modes to access public transport. This work focuses on electric scooter (e-scooter) sharing service with the aim of investigating strengths and weaknesses according to different viewpoints: the operator viewpoint, the policy maker viewpoint, and the user viewpoint. Then, the study moves to an in depth focus of the e-scooter sharing service in Italy with a focus on the city of Rome, where data of the operator Dott are available. Results underline a pre-competitive stage of the e-scooter sharing market in Italy with respect to US and Europe, with several differences between cities
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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