1,721,000 research outputs found
Non deterministic approaches in current structural codes for assessing the safety and reliability of bridges
No full textThe main goal of bridge agencies is to ensure the safety of the traveling public and the health of the economic cycle by maintaining a safe bridge network system and extending its useful life at minimal life cycle cost. To achieve this goal, bridge agencies select an appropriate bridge management approach that may include bridge instrumentation for health monitoring purposes. The implementation of such monitoring systems requires the availability of damage assessment models to evaluate the degree of structural degradation that would trigger a warning mechanism when a bridge reaches a critical state. Health monitoring systems include instrumentations for the non destructive evaluation of materials, load testing, corrosion detection, and analytical models for using the collected information for load rating. To this end, appropriate criteria are needed to identify threshold values that separate the damage state into critical and noncritical stages. Different approaches exist for assessing the performance of bridges. The most commonly used method of bridge evaluation is the so called condition rating method. But recently, reliability assessment methods based on non deterministic concepts have also been widely recommended in the literature and in bridge codes. The condition rating and the reliability-based performance assessment techniques serve the same purpose but have different theoretical bases and completely different formulations. The object of this paper is to present an overview of current code-specified criteria for assessing the safety and reliability of bridges
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Treatment of the Patient with End-Stage Diabetic Nephropathy
No full textManagement of the patient with end-stage diabetic nephropathy (ESDN) presents a host of clinical challenges that relate to the diabetic state, the failure of the kidney, and the major comorbidities, which include hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, anemia, and bone and mineral metabolism disorders. Many advances in the pharmacologic and dietary management of these conditions have improved patient outcomes but substantial cardiovascular morbidity and mortality remain devastatingly high worldwide. A multifaceted management approach for the multiple comorbidities will need to be offered to the patient with ESDN including renal replacement options with either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis as well as contemplating kidney transplantation. © 2013 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
