70 research outputs found
An adaptive sensorimotor representation for reaching in the inferior parietal lobule of behaving monkeys
No full textPrimates use visual guidance in order to interact with their environment. For several decades, the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) has been known to contain neurons that respond to visual stimulation and motor behavior. While the neural activity during the reaching behavior has been shown in area 7a of IPL, reach related neural responses have never been tested in the dorsal prelunate area (DP) of IPL, which is adjacent to area 7a. Furthermore, neural response prior to the reaching movement has not been assessed in DP and area 7a. The first aim was to investigate the tuning properties of single neurons in DP and area 7a. The second aim was to assess the influence of eye position signal on reaching behavior. Third, the temporal evolution of sensorimotor transformation in area 7a and DP neurons was investigated by comparing neural signals throughout the reaching task. Lastly, cortical plasticity was tested using Fresnel prisms, which displaced the visual field by 12º in one of four directions: contralateral, ipsilateral, upwards, or downwards. Foveal and peripheral reaching tasks and reaching under perceptually distorted conditions were used. Neurons in area 7a and DP were observed to have differential tuning properties during the planning phase and the initiation of the reach, in addition to being selective for eye position and retinal visual stimulation. The response properties of the neurons in areas 7a and DP changed as the trial progressed in time. Differential preparatory and reach responses were observed during foveal and peripheral reaching. This implies that both eye position and retinal signals modulated the reach related responses. Alterations in spatial tuning of the neurons during all phases of the task were observed upon insertion of the Fresnel prisms imply that neural plasticity occurs as the cortex swiftly adapts to the mismatch between sensory input and motor output. The spatial tuning of the neurons did not merely compensate for the eye position shift implying that signals other than eye position affect the neural response during reaching. These combined results strongly support the claim that crucial aspects of sensorimotor transformation occur in areas 7a and DP.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Anushree Karni
The embroidered word : using traditional songs to educate women in India
No full textThis thesis considers the potential of using women's traditional folk songs as a primary resource in the context of women's educational programs in India. Listening to the voices of protest in women's ancient songs will not only keep women in touch with the long history of their struggle, but will also return worth and importance to the devalued oral narratives that have been the repositories of women's knowledge and experience for centuries. Education programs that grow out of the rich and varied material of folk songs will, by definition, deal with the issues that are repeatedly raised, like embroidered patterns, in the songs themselves. Family, love, child-rearing and the myriad problems of fulfilling personal desire within the confinements of patriarchy will all, under scrutiny, yield crucial subject matter for education programs. At the same time, spinning new folksongs out of old ones will challenge women to think critically, and with the creativity essential to reworking our cultures so that both women and men are able to realize themselves more wholly
Improved vertex finding in the MINERvA passive target region with convolutional neural networks and Deep Adversarial Neural Network
No full textNano-Bio Interactions: Implications and Applications
No full textRapid expansion of technology development at the nanoscale has underpinned a promising industry. Towards this, there remain significant information gaps which are critical with regard to decision making processes and ultimate industrial sustainability. From an implication point of view, understanding how common biological macromolecules, including glycolipids and/or biopolymers produced by bacteria and fungi, which are ubiquitous in the environment, is fundamental to predicting the behavior of released/produced nanoparticles. Conversely, other bio-based tailored macromolecules, including mussel foot protein (MFP), have significant potential as functional material coatings for advanced applications.This PhD thesis is focused on interfacial processes related to superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coatings. I have evaluated specific interactions between (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with varied surface functional groups and rhamnolipids through fundamental particle-particle and particle-surface interactions, as they relate to fundamental fate and transport in the environment. Specifically, I quantitatively described the role of rhamnolipid with regard to nanoparticle aggregation and deposition processes as a function of pH, ionic strength, and particle surface chemistry. Additionally, release of nanoparticles and toxicity of the particles are also described. The second aspect of the thesis is centered around application of the nano-bio interactions to address water quality issues. For this, I have developed nanobiohybrid composites for optimized sorption processes for Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Pb(II) via surface functionalization with proteins, including mussel foot proteins (MPF). Sorption behavior is further described as function of pH and ionic strength. Further, IONP-enzyme systems were developed and demonstrated with MFP (among other bind agents) towards (composite) material optimization. Resulting enzyme (here using laccase as a model) activity/recovery is described via relative thermodynamic, kinetic, operational stabilities. Model dye degradation is also described
Supplementary data
No full text<p>Supplementary data for research article submission at Polymers</p>
Selected topics in interventional radiology: a compendium of student honors papers on the Interventional radiology elective
No full textThis book is a collaborative effort with medical students from the Rutgers/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, previously Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. The students contributed chapters written as honors papers,while on their Interventional Radiology elective. This publication is not meant to completely cover the ever expanding realm of interventional radiology but includes topics of interest to the students while on their elective. It has been rewarding to work with these amazing students, many of whom have elected to practice diagnostic and interventional radiology. This work was supported by a small grant from the Rutgers Library to create affordable books. As it is self published please overlook minor flaws.
The newest area of interventional radiology, interventional oncology, will be covered in subsequent chapters as they are written. As with other dynamic fields of medicine some material becomes outdated soon after it is written. As this is an electronic publication we will strive to update chapters as required.Central venous access in interventional radiology / Daniel Haddad, Mary-Katherine Lynch
Image -guided percutaneous needle biopsy / Ross Cadman
Image -guided percutaneous
abscess drainage of abdominal and pelvic abscess / Zaeem Billah, Dhaval Mehta
Interventional radiology approaches for the treatment of refractory ascites / Travis R. Quinoa
Radial artery access in interventional radiology / Lauren A. Huntress
Segmental arterial mediolysis / Julian Sison
Hemodialysis vascular access, complications, and interventional treatment / Pierre Saad
Non-operative management of splenic injury / Ulyana Trytko
Management of splenic artery aneurysm with coil embolization / Henal Patel
The use of arterial embolization in pelvic trauma / Henal Patel, Rima Patel
Management of massive hemoptysis with bronchial artery embolization / Shreya Amin
Minimally invasive approach
to treating renal angiomyolipoma / Adam Zybulewski
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations / Ripal Patel, Michael Chevinsky
Radiologic and endoscopic percutaneous gastrostomy: a review of the literature / Fernando D. Arias
Treatment of benign bile duct strictures by balloon dilitation and stent placement / Jason Feinman
Transjugular liver biopsy / Oluwatoyin Dada
Point shear/wave liver elastography / Eric Wei
Renal artery stenosis: medical management vs. percutaneous revascularization / Adjoa Boateng, Gregg Khodorov
Minimally invasive treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma / Jaclyn N. Portelli Tremont
Vena cava filters
and the treatment of pulmonary embolism / Anushree Doshi
Interventional treatment of pulmonary embolism / Matthew Deek
Percutaneous access for nephrostomy and nephro-lithotomy / Prasann Vachhani
Portal vein embolization and hepatic hypertrophy / Kristin Maletsky
THe role of interventional radiology in upper GI and colonic hemorrhage
contemporary management and outcomes / Slavamir Sokalaw
Small intestinal bleeding / Oren Johnson
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage aorto-enteric fistula / Hansol Kim
Management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis / Vikram Rajpurohit
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt / Na Eun Kim
Review and analysis of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO ) vs. transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) procedures as a treatment for gastric varices / Iqra Farooqi , Kiersten Frenchu
The value of multi-detector helical CT (MDCT) scans in evaluating acute gastro-intestinal bleeding"September 2020
Prospects of indirect searches for dark matter annihilations in the earth with ICAL@INO
No full textAbstract We study the prospects of detecting muon events at the upcoming Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector to be built at the proposed India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) facility due to neutrinos arising out of annihilation of Weakly Interactive Massive Particles (WIMP) in the centre of the earth. The atmospheric neutrinos coming from the direction of earth core presents an irreducible background. We consider 50kt × 10 years of ICAL running and WIMP masses between 10-100 GeV and present 90% C.L. exclusion sensitivity limits on σ SI which is the WIMP-nucleon Spin Independent (SI) interaction cross-section. The expected sensitivity limits calculated for ICAL for the WIMP annihilation in the earth are more stringent than the limits obtained by any other neutrino detector. For a WIMP mass of 52.14 GeV, where the signal fluxes are enhanced due to resonance capture of WIMP in earth due to Fe nuclei, the sensitivity limits, assuming 100% branching ratio for each channel, are: σ SI = 3.43 × 10−45 cm2 for ν μ ν ¯ μ channel, σ SI = 1.02 × 10−44 cm2 for τ + τ − channel and σ SI = 5.36 × 10−44 cm2 for b b ¯ channel
Prospects of indirect searches for dark matter at INO
No full textThe annihilation of Weakly Interactive Massive Particles (WIMP) in the centre of the sun could give rise to neutrino fluxes. We study the prospects of searching for these neutrinos at the upcoming Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector to be housed at the India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). We perform ICAL simulations to obtain the detector efficiencies and resolutions in order to simulate muon events in ICAL due to neutrinos coming from annihilation of WIMP in the mass range m(chi) = (3 - 100) GeV. The atmospheric neutrinos pose a major background for these indirect detection studies and can be reduced using the fact that the signal comes only from the direction of the sun. For a given WIMP mass, we find the opening angle theta(90) such that 90 % of the signal events are contained within this angle and use this cone-cut criteria to reduce the atmospheric neutrino background. The reduced background is then weighted by the solar exposure function at INO to obtain the final background spectrum for a given WIMP mass. We perform a chi(2) analysis and present expected exclusion regions in the sigma(SD) - m(chi) and sigma(SI) - m(chi), where sigma(SD) and sigma(SI) are the WIMP-nucleon Spin-Dependent (SD) and Spin-Independent (SI) scattering cross-section, respectively. For a 10 years exposure and m(chi) = 25 GeV, the expected 90 % C. L. exclusion limit is found to be sigma(SD) < 6.87 x 10(-41) cm(2) and sigma(SI) < 7.75 x 10(-43) cm(2) for the tau(+) tau(-) annihilation channel and sigma(SD) < 1.14 x 10(-39) cm(2) and sigma(SI) < 1.30 x 10(-41) cm(2) for the b (b) over bar channel, assuming 100 % branching ratio for each of the WIMP annihilation channel.</p
Indirect detection of dark matter at INO
No full textNeutrino fluxes arising from WIMP annihilation in the center of the sun(), earth() and galaxy can leave detectable signatures at the proposed 50-kt Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector at the upcoming India-Based Neutrino Observatory (INO). Although the atmospheric neutrinos will pose a serious background to such signal neutrinos, exploiting the excellent angular resolution of the ICAL detector we can suppress it considerably. The expected 90 % C.L. exclusion sensitivity limits for 500 kt-years exposure for channel (100 % branching ratio) for WIMP-nucleon Spin Dependent () and Spin Independent () cross-section are found to be cm and cm for the WIMP mass () = 25 GeV, and for =52.14 GeV
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