1,720,974 research outputs found
LA QUALITÀ DELLA RETE SOCIALE DEL GIOCATORE D’AZZARDO PATOLOGICO
No full textIntroduzione: Il gioco d’azzardo patologico rappresenta un fattore di rischio per il benessere relazionale del giocatore. Scopo del presente lavoro è quello di approfondire gli aspetti qualitativi che connotano la rete sociale del giocatore d’azzardo e, in particolare le relazioni con: 1) il partner sentimentale; 2) il miglior amico ; 3) fratello.
Metodo: Ha partecipato al presente studio un campione di 130 individui e suddivisi in: 40 giocatori patologici, 45 giocatori a rischio e 45 giocatori sociali di età compresa tra i 18 e i 28 anni (M = 21.45; DS= 2.09). Al fine di avere gruppi omogenei rispetto alla numerosità, tali soggetti sono stati casualmente selezionati da un campione iniziale di 1018 soggetti. A tutti i partecipanti è stata somministrata la versione italiana del South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS: Lesieur & Blume, 1987; Capitanucci & Carlevaro, 2004) che ha permesso di individuare la tipologia (sociale, a rischio e patologico) dei giocatori e dell’Network of Relationships Inventory (NRI: Furman & Buhrmester, 1985; Guarnieri & Tani, 2010) nella versione per partner, amico e fratello che permette di ottenere un punteggio di supporto sociale e di interazioni negative. I dati sono stati analizzati con una serie di analisi della varianza multivariata.
Risultati. I risultati hanno mostrato come i giocatori patologici percepiscono una peggiore qualità nella relazione con il partner, l’amico e il fratello rispetto a quanto riportato dagli altri partecipanti.
Conclusioni. In linea con la letteratura, i nostri dati hanno evidenziato che la qualità della rete sociale tende ad essere progressivamente peggiore all’aumentare del coinvolgimento dei soggetti nel gioco d’azzardo
Anxiety and depression in cardiac amyloidosis: a systematic review
No full textObjectives: Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a rare and underdiagnosed disease associated with a high mortality rate. Although, in the last decade, there has been increasing attention in the literature to the relationship between CA and psychological distress in patients, the evidence on this association has not yet been systematised. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap. Design: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic review was conducted. Data sources: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science were searched, with the last update conducted on 23 September 2024, and no time restrictions were applied. Eligibility criteria: Studies had to meet the following inclusion criteria to be included: (1) original quantitative research; (2) published in peer-reviewed journals written in English; (3) explore and report the relationship between CA and psychological distress or compare a clinical group with a control group and (4) investigate psychological distress through reliable and validated measures. Data extraction and synthesis: One author extracted the data, which was then double-checked by another, and data were reported both in tabular and textual form. The included studies were critically evaluated using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies. Results: Through the research process, a total of 14 articles were selected. The quality assessment scores ranged from 12 to 18 (M=16.21±1.42). Overall, the results underline a significant presence of psychological distress in patients with CA. Moreover, while disease severity was not found to be associated with psychological distress in CA patients in all studies considered, more heterogeneous results emerged regarding the association between the severity of cardiac symptoms and psychological distress. Conclusions: Results suggest that psychological distress is an important aspect to be considered when dealing with CA patients. Integrating psychological assessment and support may improve patient outcomes by reducing disease burden and enhancing treatment adherence. Prospero registration number: CRD42023446913
The Role of Maternal Perceived Social Support on the Relation Between Prenatal Depressive Symptoms and Labor Experience
No full textBackground: Depression during pregnancy is a severe risk factor for negative outcomes in women and children. In particular, prenatal symptoms of depression are linked to a more complicated labor experience, characterized by more painful labor and more frequent recourse to epidural analgesia and/or oxytocin. Although this link is evident, less is known about possible mediators of this relationship. Aims: This study investigated the mediating role of perceived maternal social support on the relationship between prenatal maternal depression and labor experience. Methods: Participants were 152 Italian nulliparous women (Mage = 31.68 years, SD = 4.94). Data were collected at two different times: T1 (at week 30–33 of gestation) women completed the Beck Depression Inventory and the Maternal Social Support Scale; T2 (at childbirth) clinical data regarding labor was registered from hospital records (duration of labor in hours and administration of oxytocin and epidural analgesia in hours). Results: The Structural Equation Modeling showed that prenatal symptoms of depression are linked to a more complicated labor experience (β = .31, p < .001). However, the quality of the maternal social support can mediate this relationship (indirect effect: β = .17, p < .000). Limitations: The complexity of the proposed model, the characteristics of the sample, the variables investigated, and the questionnaires used are discussed. Conclusion: The perception of having a good social network is an important predictor of women’s health in the transition to motherhood, decreasing the negative effect of maternal prenatal depressive symptoms on the quality of women’s labor experience
A gambling primary prevention program for students through teacher training: an evidence-based study
No full textiven the high prevalence of gambling among adolescents, the main purpose of the present study was to develop a gambling primary intervention program for students through the training of teachers about gambling-related knowledge and problems, and verify the effectiveness of the program in reducing gambling behaviors, cognitive distortions, and perception of gambling economic profitability in students. A total of 33 teachers (31.3% men) and 393 students aged 13 to 19 years (84% boys) were recruited for this study, randomly assigned to training (15 teachers; 219 students) and non-training groups (18 teachers; 174 students). An evidence-based longitudinal study designed with a pretest, and a follow-up after about 7 months, was conducted. Results showed that trained teachers improved their knowledge on gambling types and characteristics and related risks. The most relevant result was the impact the trained teachers had on their students, who reduced their gambling behavior, some cognitive distortions, and misconceptions related to the economic profitability of gambling. However, despite the relevance of these results, this study represents preliminary evidence, and further controlled studies are needed to confirm the possibility of using trained teachers as a less expensive method to efficiently prevent gambling among adolescents
GLI ATTEGGIAMENTI STIGMATIZZANTI VERSO LE DIPENDENZE DA TECNOLOGIA: UNO STUDIO ATTRAVERSO VIGNETTE SPERIMENTALI
No full textLa creazione di vignette per esplorare la relazione fra nuove dipendenze e stigm
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
