1,720,996 research outputs found
Morbidity associated with closure of ileostomy after a three-stage ileal pouch-anal anastomosis
No full textThe aim of the study was to compare the perioperative outcomes of patients undergoing ileostomy closure after a three-stage ileal pouch-anal anastomosis to a control group of patients who had elective colorectal resections and stoma, and to analyse the differences based on the technique of closure. The cases were retrospectively compared for demographic characteristics and postoperative outcomes. Chi-square, Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used as appropriate. Between 2011 and 2016, 338 patients having their stoma reversed after three-stage IPAA were compared to 158 patients in the control group. A younger age (43.2 vs 60.6 years, p < 0.0001), a lower body mass index (22 vs 24.4 kg/m2, p < 0.0001), a higher rate of hand-sewn anastomosis (84.3 vs 15.7%, p < 0.0001), a lower rate of intraoperative complications (0 vs 1.2%, p = 0.038), a shorter operative time (91.5 vs 99.4 min, p = 0.0046) and length of hospital stay (6.6 vs 7.6 days, p = 0.045) were seen in the IPAA group. The 30-day rate of wound infection, anastomotic leak (0.6 vs 0.6%), small bowel obstruction (SBO, 8 vs 11.4%) and reoperation (1.8 vs 1.3%) was similar. Among IPAA patients, the hand-sewn anastomosis was correlated with a higher chance of developing SBO (9.1 vs 1.9%, p = 0.03). Closure of ileostomy after three-stage IPAA is associated with low rate of serious complications, despite the higher number of previous abdominal surgeries. This supports the construction of routine ileostomy during IPAA to reduce the risk of pelvic sepsis
Predictors of early recurrence after strictureplasty for Crohn's disease of the small bowel during the years of biologics
No full textBackground: The identification of patients prone to early recurrence of Crohn's disease at the site of a strictureplasty is fundamental in the clinical practice. Aims: Aim of the study is to detect the risk factors for early reoperation for recurrence after primary strictureplasty. Methods: From 2000, patients undergoing a primary strictureplasty and a subsequent reoperation for recurrence of Crohn's disease at the site of a strictureplasty were included. Univariate and multivariable linear regression models were performed to analyse the relationship between the time to recurrence and independent variables. Results: Fifty-nine patients were included. Median time to recurrence was 4.5 years (0.7–12.6). At the multivariate linear regression, early relapse was significantly associated with use of biologics before primary surgery (−2.69, p < 0.0001) and location of disease in the ileum (−1.61, p 0.017). The use of biologics after surgery was similar between groups (40.7 vs 37.5%, p 0.79). Conclusions: The location of Crohn's disease in the ileum and the use of biologics before surgery are strong predictors of early site-specific recurrence after strictureplasty. In this group of patients, a tailored follow-up and aggressive postoperative treatment should be considered
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Possible Gender-Related Modulation by the ROCK1 Gene in Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility
No full textAIM:
In view of accumulating evidence supporting a pivotal role of the Rho/ROCK pathway in cancer, we investigated Rho-kinase polymorphisms as potential susceptibility factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) in a representative sample of the Italian population.
METHODS:
DNA obtained from the peripheral blood samples of 137 CRC patients and 141 healthy controls was genotyped for four ROCK1 (rs35996865; rs73963110; rs2127958; rs288980) and five ROCK2 (rs12692437; rs7563468; rs35768389; rs17463896; rs16857265) selected single nucleotide polymorphisms.
RESULTS:
None of the allelic variants of the nine selected markers was associated with the occurrence of CRC or with the development of regional lymph node metastasis. By contrast, the ROCK1 rs35996865 G variant allele was significantly more frequent in male patients (p = 0.028) than in the control group.
CONCLUSION:
This finding is, at present, the first that points to a possible gender-related modulation by the ROCK1 gene in CRC susceptibility
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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