1,720,964 research outputs found
Total femoral and tibial osteochondral allograft for remobilizing a knee after arthrodesis
No full textPurpose: Knee arthrodesis is a scarcely tolerated procedure with a strong negative impact on the quality of life of the patient. The use of a fresh osteochondral allograft represents a fascinating option for a biological joint reconstruction. Aim of this report is to describe a case of total femoral and tibial osteochondral allograft used for reversing a non-tolerated knee fusion in a young patient and to report the clinical and radiographic results obtained at a 4-year follow-up. Methods: A 22-year-old man with right knee arthrodesis received a reversion of the arthrodesis with a total femoral and tibial osteochondral allograft. Clinical and radiographical evaluations were carried out periodically up to 48 months. Results: At 48 months of follow-up, the patient had full integration of the allograft with a range of motion from 0° to 80°. Clinical scores improved from preoperative to final follow-up (IKDC from 25 to 65, KOOS from 32 to 65 and WOMAC from 30 to 74). Radiographic arthritis occurrence of the transplanted surfaces was evident at follow-up. Conclusions: Despite the good clinical results achieved in the case described, a wider applicability of total femoral and tibial osteochondral allograft requires further studies on long-term larger allograft survival. Arthritis recurrence of the transplanted surfaces is cause of concern. Causes and possible solutions need to be more deeply investigated. Level of evidence: Case report, Level
Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus in athletes: what is the evidence?
Full text linkPurpose: ankle injuries make up 15% of all sports injuries and osteochondral lesions of the talus (oLts) are an increasingly frequent problem in active patients. There exist no widely shared guidelines on oLt treatment in the athletic population. The aim of this paper is to review all the existing literature evidence on the surgical treatment of oLts in athletes, in order to determine the current state of the art in this specific population, underlining both the limits and the potential of the strategies used. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed focusing on the different types of surgical treatment used for oLts in athletes. The screening process and analysis were performed separately by two independent researchers. The inclusion criteria for relevant articles were: clinical reports of any level of evidence, written in English, with no time limitation, or clinical reports describing the treatment of oLts in the athletic population. Results: with the consensus of the two observers, relevant data were then extracted and collected in a single database to be analyzed for the purposes of the present manuscript. At the end of the process, 16 papers met the selection criteria. these papers report a total of 642 athletic patients with oCts. Conclusions: the ideal treatment for cartilage lesions in athletes is a controversial topic, due to the need for an early return to sports, especially in elite players; this need leads to extensive use of microfractures in this population, despite the poor quality of repair associated with this technique. none of the surgical strategies described in this paper seems to be superior to the others. Level of evidence: Systematic review of level IV studies, level IV
Ankle and Foot: Osteochondritis Dissecans of the TalusPediatric and Adolescent Sports Traumatology
No full textJuvenile osteochondritis dissecans (OD) of the talus is a rare disease, affecting subchondral bone and, secondarily, articular cartilage in a skeletal immature population, usually sited in the medial part of the talus. An aseptic bone necrosis is the most accredited pathogenesis whose natural healing is probably blocked by micro-traumas, causing an osteochondral injury. Clinically, asymptomatic cases are possible, but a mild chronic pain is usually present, often accompanied by swelling, stiffness, or locking. A specific classification is not available following the radiographic Berndt and Hardy’s. The most suitable treatment is conservative in the first stages of the disease and it is generally the first step to attempt especially in younger patients. A loose body is instead an indication to surgical fixation, while drilling or regenerative procedures are based on the subchondral bone sclerosis and surgeons experience and preferences. Microfractures are to be considered only for small-sized injuries. Mosaicplasty and osteochondral autograft may cause donor-site morbidity and are scarcely reported in OD. Regenerative techniques and fresh allografts are granting good results in osteochondral lesions and few reports of OD among larger case series are available, but further studies are required
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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