307,070 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Grid-enabled Workflows for Industrial Product Design
No full textThis paper presents a generic approach for developing and using Grid-based workflow technology for enabling cross-organizational engineering applications. Using industrial product design examples from the automotive and aerospace industries we highlight the main requirements and challenges addressed by our approach and describe how it can be used for enabling interoperability between heterogeneous workflow engines
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Electrocatalytic activity and simultaneous determination of catechol and hydroquinone at mesoporous platinum electrode
No full textThe electrochemical oxidation of catechol and hydroquinone was investigated using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries at nanostructured mesoporous platinum film electrochemically deposited from the hexagonal liquid crystalline template of C16EO8 surfactant. The mesoporous platinum electrode has shown an excellent electrocatalytic activity and reversibility towards the oxidation of catechol and hydroquinone redox isomers in 1.0 M HClO4. The oxidation and reduction peak separation (?E) has been decreased from 485 to 55 mV for hydroquinone and from 430 to 75 mV vs. SCE for catechol at polished polycrystalline and mesoporous platinum electrodes, respectively. The differential pulse voltammograms in a mixture solution of catechol and hydroquinone have shown that the oxidation peaks became well resolved and are separated by about 100 mV, although the bare electrode gave a single broad oxidation peak. Moreover, the oxidation current of hydroquinone and catechol has been enhanced by a factor of two and four times, respectively, at mesoporous platinum electrode. Using differential pulse voltammetry, a highly selective and simultaneous determination of hydroquinone and catechol has been explored at mesoporous platinum electrode
The oxidation of ascorbate at copolymeric sulfonated poly(aniline) coated on glassy carbon electrodes
No full textSelf-doped poly(aniline)s as electrode coatings to catalyze ascorbate oxidation are revisited in this article. Sulfonated poly(aniline) (SPAN) was deposited on glassy carbon electrodes as a copolymer of aniline and its sulfonated derivative, 2-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (2-ABSA). The resulting deposits are reproducible and show good stability and electroactivity at pH > 7, enabling studies at typical physiological pH values. Calibration curves were obtained using a rotating disc electrode at a sampling potential of 0.2 V, displaying linear dependence in the region 0–20 mM ascorbate. A kinetic model based on the Michaelis–Menten reaction mechanism, previously validated for poly(aniline) composites, was used to analyse the form of the calibration curve leading to values of the effective reaction constants KME and k?ME. New calibration curves constructed for different sampling potentials were used to elucidate the rate limiting step at saturated kinetics. Rotating disc voltammetry performed at increasing pH (from pH 2 to 9) showed a dramatic decrease in the limiting current, without any evidence for a change in the reaction mechanism.<br/
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No full textThe aim of the research is to enhance the mechanical properties of 9%Ni steel LNG tank welded joints and significantly impact toughness. The experiment started by using 10- and 14-mm plates of 9%Ni steel .welding was done using E NiCrFe4 with a diameter of 3.2 mm for two groups of specimens ( 3 specimens of 10 mmm and 3 specimen of 14mm). In the same way, using E NiCrMo3 . the welding is done by using two WPS one for each electrode. all welding is done in a vertical uphill position. measuring the ampere and volt using a clamp ampere. Travel speed is measured by a stopwatch for time and distance by a ruler. All specimens were inspected using LPT and gamma-ray. the mechanical tests were micro Vickers hardness and impact toughness. Plus the macrograph and microstructure by using an optical microscope
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanostractured porous materials using Liquid Crystal and Colloidal Templates and their Magnetic and Optical properties
No full textThe objective of this thesis is to synthesise new classes of nanostructured porous materials that have ordered pore structures on multiple and vastly different length scales for improved catalytic, magnetic and optical properties. This is achieved by electrochemical deposition using two different templating approaches, lyotropic liquid crystalline and colloidal templates. In the first approach, nanostructured metals such as cobalt, copper and lead with high degrees of mesoscopic ordering and different phase structures, were prepared by the electrochemical reduction of the metal ions dissolved on the aqueous domain of the hexagonal (H), cubic (I) or lamella (Lα) liquid crystalline phases of Brij 56 and Brij 78 surfactants. The perodicities and pore diameters of the resulting mesoporous meals are varied in a controlled way over the range from 5 to 11 nm. This was achieved by changing the alkyl chain length of the surfactant or by the addition of an hydrophobic agent. The resulting nanostructured mesoporous cobalt film was shown to behave as a hard magnet in comparison to bulk polycrystalline cobalt.In the second templating approach, materials such as gold, platinum, cobalt, palladium, lead, nickel, nickel iron alloy, lead oxides and conducting polymer films with highly ordered macroporous structures were prepared by the electrochemical deposition within the interstitial spaces between polystyrene latex spheres assembled on conducting substrates. After removing the sphere templates, the resulting films show well-formed, regular, two- and three-dimensional macroporous networks consisting of spherical pores arranged in a highly ordered face centred cubic (fcc) structure. The spherical voids are interconnected by a series of smaller windows that form an open porous structure embedded in the material framework.</p
Coercivity of 3D nanoscale magnetic arrays from self-assembly template methods
No full textWe present results of electrochemical deposition of magnetic metals and alloys in the pores of templates prepared by self-assembly from colloidal suspensions of polystyrene latex spheres. This technique has enabled us to create highly ordered magnetic nano-structures with 3D architectures on length scales ranging from 50–1000 nm. Varying the parameters in the preparation (sphere diameter, film thickness and composition) allows us to produce materials with predetermined magnetic parameters
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