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Psychosocial integrated assessment in stroke patients: a case report
Get PDFIntroduction: the biopsychosocial reintegration of stroke patients
requires a multidisciplinary and integrated assessment including the
evaluation of psychosocial factors. This is illustrated through a
clinical case report concerning a hospitalized patient. Case
description: the patient was a middle-aged married woman who had
a left haemorrhagic stroke; the lesion is sub-cortical and medial in
the basal ganglia lenticular region. She did not have a severe motor
impairment but the cognitive profile showed some executive and
working memory deficits that negatively affected the rehabilitation
process. She presented severe hypertension which was caused by a
renal artery stenosis diagnosed during her hospital stay. In order to
assess the psychosocial factors, both observer-rated (Structured
Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and Diagnostic Criteria for
Psychosomatic Research-DCPR) and self-rated (Symptom
Questionnaire-SQ, Psychosocial Index-PSI, Affective Neuroscience
Personality Scales-ANPS and Family Assessment Device-FAD)
instruments were used. DSM-IV Minor Depression and
Alexithymia, according to DCPR were found. The patient showed
high scores in SQ-Anxiety, Depression and Somatic Symptoms total
scales and in ANPS-Fear subscale, while low scores in ANPSSeeking,
Play and Spirituality subscales were found. Family
functioning was characterized by emotional over-involvement, as
evidenced by high scores in FAD-Affective Involvement scale.
When PSI scales were considered, work-related stressful life
situations and high psychosocial distress emerged. Comment: this
case report enlightens the complex interconnection among
biological, neurological, neuropsychological, and psychosocial
aspects. An integrated and comprehensive assessment is essential to
ensure an intervention properly targeted to the characteristics of
stroke patient and to provide the best possible treatment outcome
SEEKING and depression in stroke patients: an exploratory study.
No full textThe concept of SEEKING describes a predisposition to search enthusiastically for rewards in the environment. While SEEKING and its underlying functional anatomy have been extensively investigated in animals, such processes in humans, especially brain-damaged individuals, remain understudied. We therefore conducted an exploratory behavioral study in stroke patients to investigate the effects of brain lesions that anatomically could be interpreted to impact the SEEKING system and predicted relationships to depression. Patients with lesions in anterior, medial, and/or subcortical lesions showed significantly lower SEEKING scores and higher depression scores than nonlesioned subjects in the control group. Based on our data and related work on animals, we propose central involvement of the anterior subcortical-cortical midline system as core of the limbic system in SEEKING in humans
Do brain lesions in stroke affect basic emotions and attachment?
No full textThe aim of the current study was to investigate basic emotions and attachment in a sample of 86 stroke patients. We included a control group of 115 orthopedic patients (matched for age and cognitive status) without brain lesions to control for unspecific general illness effects of a traumatic recent event on basic emotions and attachment. In order to measure basic emotions and attachment style we applied the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale (ANPS) and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). The stroke patients showed significantly different scores in the SEEKING, SADNESS, and ANGER subscales of the ANPS as well as in the Relationship as Secondary Attachment dimension of the ASQ when compared to the control group. These differences show a pattern influenced by lesion location mainly as concerns basic emotions. Anterior, medial, left, and subcortical patients provide scores significantly lower in ANPS-SEEKING than the control group; ANPS-SADNESS scores in anterior, right, medial, and subcortical patients were significantly higher than those of the control group. ANPS-ANGER scores in posterior, right, and lateral patients were significantly higher than those in the control group; finally, the ANPS-FEAR showed slightly lower scores in posterior patients than in the control group. Minor effects on brain lesions were also individuated in the attachment style. Anterior lesion patients showed a significantly higher average score in the ASQ-Need for Approval subscale than the control group. ASQ-Confidence subscale scores differed significantly in stroke patients with lesions in medial brain regions when compared to control subjects. Scores at ANPS and ASQ subscales appear significantly more correlated in stroke patients than in the control group. Such finding of abnormalities, especially concerning basic emotions in stroke brain-lesioned patients, indicates that the effect of brain lesions may enhance the interrelation between basic emotions and attachment with respect to the control group
Basic emotions, attachment style and psichological distress.
No full textRecent studies have shed light on the biological foundations of Basic Emotional Systems that can be found both in animals and in human beings. The aim of our study is to reveal the associations that exist between the Basic Emotions making up part of the personality structure, the relationship-based emotional regulatory system, i.e. Attachment Style, and the influence of these on the manifestation and expression of psychological distress. Our sample consisted of 110 subjects (M = 34, F = 76) , of whom 50 suffered from a stroke and 60 suffered from bone fractures; the average age was 72.67 (SD = 11.24). Participants were administered the following questionnaires: Feeney et al.’s Attachment Style Questionnaire (Fossati et al., 2003, Jour. Soc. Pers. Rel. 20(1), 55-79) in order to assess adult attachment styles; Zigmond and Snaith’s Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Costantini et al., 1999, Support Care Cancer. 7:121–127) in order to assess the intensity of anxiety and depression; the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (Davis et al., 2003, Neuro-Psychoanalysis, 5(1), 57-69) in order to evaluate the Basic Emotional Systems.
Notwithstanding the advanced age of the subjects, the analysis indicated the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the Attachment Style (ASQ) and the Basic Emotional Systems of the personality structure (ANPS). In particular, we found a positive correlation between Secure Attachment Style and positive emotions, while the Avoidant Attachment Style seemed to modulate only partly adaptive emotions and psychological distress (HADS)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Attaccamento e disagio psichico nei pazienti con esiti di ictus e nel familiare di riferimento
No full textLo studio dell’attaccamento, offre un interessante spunto di approfondimento per l’analisi dei vissuti psicologici dei pazienti in riabilitazione a causa di deficit cognitivi e motori e dei loro familiari, poiché in condizioni emotive come quelle descritte, gli individui tendono a riattivare e ad accentuare l’insieme dei comportamenti tipici del legame di attaccamento (ricerca di vicinanza, bisogno di sicurezza e di protezione, protesta per la separazione). Pertanto l’attaccamento, che si manifesta negli stili rappresentazionali connessi al mantenimento dei sentimenti di sicurezza e protezione, contribuisce a comprendere l’adattamento globale del soggetto a tale condizione di bisogno e di pericolo
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Paziente in riabilitazione intensiva e familiare di riferimento: aspetti clinici e attaccamento.
No full textIl lavoro si pone l’obiettivo di: 1) analizzare le caratteristiche e i cambiamenti nelle condizioni cliniche, in particolare ansia e depressione, di pazienti in riabilitazione e relativi familiari di riferimento, e se queste sono correlate con il recupero funzionale dei pazienti stessi; 2) stabilire la presenza o meno di una sofferenza psicologica maggiore nel gruppo di pazienti con esiti di ictus e dei loro familiari rispetto ai pazienti ortopedici e relativi congiunti; 3) approfondire la distribuzione dei diversi stili di attaccamento nei soggetti del campione, e la loro influenza sull’entità del disagio psichico di pazienti e familiari
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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