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    Pharyngocutaneous fistula as a complication of total laryngectomy: review of the literature and analysis of case records.

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    Pharyngocutaneous fistula is the most common complication of total laryngectomy. The management of this problem increases hospitalization time and delays initiation of postoperative radiotherapy, where indicated. To identify factors predisposing to the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula, we reviewed the postoperative courses of 293 patients who underwent total laryngectomy at our clinic. General factors taken into account were concurrent diseases such as diabetes, liver diseases, or chronic anemia; local factors included radiotherapy before and after surgery, preoperative tracheostomy, type of cervical lymph node removal, and method of pharyngeal closure. We then compared our data with those reported in the literature by other authors. Last, we applied the Fisher exact test to a correlation we found between the higher incidence of fistula in patients with diabetes, liver diseases, or anemia. The local factor that turned out to be statistically most significant for the development of fistula was preoperative radiotherapy

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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