1,721,047 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Parent experiences during graded exposure treatment for children with chronic pain: a qualitative analysis
Full text linkChronic pain affects a significant number of youth, impacting the lives of those young people, as well as the parents and individuals who care for them. Graded exposure treatment, often involving parents as well as the child, is emerging as a promising new intervention for youth with chronic pain. Yet, little is currently known about how parents perceive this treatment and its effectiveness on improving their child’s condition. This study aimed to qualitatively characterize caregivers’ experiences during their child’s graded exposure treatment for chronic pain. In order to evaluate these mindsets, parent narratives from 15 pediatric patients undergoing a graded exposure treatment were coded and assessed from repeated sessions between the parent and treating psychologist. Narratives were coded for affect and content related to attitude (e.g. optimism/ pessimism), perceptions of growth (e.g. benefit-finding/ post-traumatic growth), and perceived treatment benefit (e.g. treatment outlook) using an established coding scheme adapted from a previous publication. When compared across treatment time points, multiple trends were found amongst the coded topics, such as an increase in frequency of positive affect and an increase in parents’ perceived treatment benefit (e.g. “She is definitely more active, she’s definitely more open”). Using a grounded theory approach, five common themes emerged from the coded data, which could be used to provide valuable insight into the impact that pediatric chronic pain has on parent experiences. When examined over the course of their child’s treatment, changes in attitudes and perceptions can be identified and utilized to inform potential progress in treatment, as well as, future treatment targets.2020-07-03T00:00:00
Variability of bone cell gene expression as a criterion to determine osteogenic capability of human mesenchymal stem cells
Full text linkOsteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by decreased BMD and the increased prospect of fracture. These fractures can have a detrimental impact on an individual’s standard of living and are sometimes fatal. Increased bone resorption by osteoclasts relative to the bone formation by osteoblasts triggers osteoporosis. Osteoporosis predominantly affects post-menopausal white and Asian women. BMD is used to diagnose this disease and determine fracture risks; however, osteoporosis often goes unreported and untreated. The purpose of this study was to correlate biochemical assays of bone growth with each subject's cells' gene expression grown in culture. Bone samples were taken from each subject undergoing hip replacement surgery. Each subject’s bone cells were grown in culture then assayed for ALP and hydroxyproline. ALP and hydroxyproline were used as proxies of the osteogenic potential of the cultured cells. The assayed ALP for each subject was compared to COL1A1 RNA gene expression. Further, the hydroxyproline assay results were compared to DMP1 RNA gene expression. The results of this study did not signal a measurable association between any of these metrics. The genetic mechanisms of osteoporosis remain unclear, and advanced research to elucidate how cells’ behavior in culture is related to the underlying nature of the person’s BMD could result in better data to treat and prevent this disease
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Family and psychosocial factors in children with perinatal stroke
Full text linkPerinatal stroke is a cerebrovascular injury that occur in gestation or up until a child’s first month of life. Impacting cognitive, social, and psychological development in children long after the stroke, perinatal stroke is yet to be fully understood. While the exact timing of injury can often not be determined, diagnosis relies on recognition of abnormalities in motor and behavioral development in these affected children, in order to be treated. Although there are long term morbidities specific to perinatal stroke, there are also a multitude of other factors that contribute to child development, and have the potential to alter outcome. These factors include family adjustment, family history, family functioning, and family socioeconomic status, among others. As is relatively well-established, parental mental health and socioeconomic status have an effect on child development in general; this literature review focuses specifically on perinatal stroke and the effect of the above factors on both patients and family’s cognitive and social outcome. In doing so, steps can be outlined that can alleviate the negative impact of these factors may have on the affected children’s psychosocial development.
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