1,721,033 research outputs found
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The No Child Left Behind Act: Negative Implications for Low-Socioeconomic Schools
Get PDFThis thesis examines the effects of The No Child Left Behind Act and it’s impact on low-socioeconomic schools and students. Accountability measured by adequate yearly progress (AYP) and high-stakes testing is closely investigated, along with negative results of curriculum narrowing and school restructuring sanctions. The current system of waivers is also closely reviewed. Data from government reports, literature reviews, case studies, and newspapers are used to argue that No Child Left Behind has hindered the nation’s schools, especially those in low-income areas, and has done little to improve the achievement gap. With No Child Left Behind currently up for reauthorization, it is important to look closely at how the law has adversely impacted our nation’s schools so that new legislation can be passed to better serve all schools, and guarantee that ‘no child is really left behind.’Polymathic Scholar
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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The Relations of Self-Regulation to Children’s Internalizing and Externalizing Behavioral Problems
Get PDFThe present study examined the relations of self-regulation to children’s internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems. The study participants consisted of approximately 18,000 children, aged 52 to 99 months (M = 73 months, SD = 4.47). Children’s self-regulation was measured by four core regulatory processes: inhibitory control, attentional focus, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Direct child assessments were used to evaluate children’s working memory and cognitive flexibility. Teachers reported children’s inhibitory control and attentional focus, as well as their internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems. Correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted using data collected in spring 2011 by the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010–11 (ECLS-K:2011). In general, the four core regulatory processes explained more variance in children’s externalizing behavioral problems (R2 = 0.52) than internalizing behavioral problems (R2 = 0.09). Children’s externalizing behavioral problems were strongly associated with inhibitory control (r = -0.71; p < 0.001) and moderately related to attentional focus (r = -0.55; p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression models revealed that inhibitory control was a strong predictor of children’s externalizing behavioral problems (β = -0.73; p < 0.001) while attentional focus was a moderate predictor of children’s internalizing behavioral problems (β = -0.18; p < 0.001). Findings suggest that self-regulation is a multifaceted construct of which its components are related to children’s behavioral problems in differential and predictable ways.Human Development and Family Science
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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The interrelations among ethnic self-labels & ethnic identity
Get PDFtextThis study examined the relationship between ethnic identity and ethnic self-labels, and their associations with adolescents’ psychosocial outcomes (perceived self-concept, self-reported grades, conduct disorder symptoms), in a diverse sample of 759 adolescents (52% females; 46% Latino, 35% Black, 13% White, and 6% of another race) aged 12 to 20 years in New York City). To further elucidate these relationships, the role of parental ethnic/racial socialization and age were also examined. Regression analyses revealed that ethnic identity, parental socialization, and age all had significant associations with each other and with psychosocial outcomes. There were no significant associations between ethnic self-labels and ethnic identity, behavioral symptoms or social competence. However, adolescents who used hyphenated ethnic self-labels reported higher academic achievement. Though the hypothesis that ethnic self-labels would predict adolescent outcomes was not supported, they suggest the need for greater accuracy in determining ethnic self-labels and delineation of ethnic identity.Human Development and Family Science
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Relationship commitment and monitoring alternatives using Facebook in unmarried romantic relationships
Get PDFtextRecent technological innovations affecting romantic relationships include the rise in prominence of social networking sites (SNSs), including Facebook. SNSs have become an increasingly fundamental part of developing and maintaining relationships. A majority of research focuses on the ways in which individuals access SNSs. Less studied is how individuals' use of SNSs affects their romantic relationships. An important aspect of the stability of romantic relationships is the construct of commitment. Relationship commitment is conceptualized as the intent to continue a relationship into the future and is composed of many constructs that can either keep individuals in or pull them away from the relationship. One aspect that may pull individuals away from their relationship is the quality and availability of potential alternatives, or relationship forms other than the current one. There is evidence that using tools like Facebook may prompt individuals to pay attention to alternative relationship options. This study examined how SNSs use may affect current relationships with a sample of 645 unmarried individuals in dating relationships and with current Facebook accounts. All participants completed measures of their Facebook use, relationship commitment, and attention to relationship alternatives. A sub-sample of 432 participants were randomly assigned to one of two study conditions. One condition prompted participants to view the Facebook profiles of friends that they might consider as possible relationship partners and the other condition prompted participants to view organizations they follow on Facebook. Analyses indicated that Facebook monitoring condition did not predict differences in individuals' reported commitment. However, hierarchical regression analyses using the full sample revealed that high levels of online monitoring of alternatives were associated with low levels of commitment for both males and females, but more so for males. Analyses also revealed that low levels of satisfaction predicted high levels of monitoring of alternatives and high levels of Facebook use predicted high levels of online monitoring of alternatives. These results suggest that tools such as Facebook can be used to monitor alternatives, yet doing so may negatively affect current romantic relationships. Future studies should explore these relationships by using a repeated measures design to assess change over time.Human Development and Family Science
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Preschooler's self-regulation following outdoor play and unstructured physical activity
Get PDFEducators and policymakers increasingly seek to support the development of young children’s self-regulation. One approach that has shown promise in school-aged children but has been rarely tested in the preschool years is providing children opportunities to engage in physical activity. This study examined whether preschoolers’ task-based and classroom-based self-regulation depended on the timing of their outdoor play and the amount of physical activity in which children engaged during outdoor play. This study found within-child differences in children’s observed classroom-based self-regulation following outdoor play, with more pronounced differences for younger children. The amount of physical activity in which children engaged during outdoor play predicted their subsequent task-based self-regulation.Human Development and Family Science
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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