1,720,979 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Classifying Schizophrenia Based on Response to Antipsychotic Medications
Full text linkClozapine is the main treatment for patients with significant psychotic symptoms despite adequate trials of non-clozapine antipsychotics. However, 40-70% of patients show suboptimal response to clozapine. We aimed to: (1) examine the relationship between delay in initiating clozapine and treatment outcomes through a literature review; (2) examine clozapine response/non-response trajectories and predictors of long-term non-response through a retrospective chart review; and (3) determine the relationships between glutamatergic neurometabolites and cortical thickness through a cross-sectional imaging study. Delay in initiating clozapine and number of hospitalizations were associated with poor clozapine response. Further, response trajectories ranged from sustained response or non-response to developed response or non-response. Finally, glutamatergic neurometabolite levels in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex were associated with cortical thinning in the right prefrontal cortex in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, independent of age, sex, treatment, and illness severity. This work advances our understanding of treatment-resistant schizophrenia from clinical and neuropathological perspectives.M.Sc.2020-11-26 00:00:0
Efficacy of Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Left Temporoparietal Area to Improve Insight Into Illness in Schizophrenia
Full text linkImpaired insight into illness is a common characteristic of schizophrenia that may lead to a reluctance to seek or adhere to treatment. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been investigated as a potential treatment to improve insight, with cathodal tDCS over the left temporoparietal area (TPA) showing potential benefits. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of cathodal tDCS over the left TPA in improving insight in individuals with schizophrenia, including 13 studies with 580 patients. No significant difference was found between studies that placed the cathode over the left TPA versus other regions. The results suggest that cathodal tDCS over the left TPA is as efficacious as other montages in improving insight, with age influencing treatment outcomes. We discuss brain networks involved in impaired insight, a possible mechanism of tDCS in improving insight, highlight gaps in the literature, and provide recommendations for future research directions.M.Sc
Neuroimaging Biomarkers and Mechanism of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Improve Insight Impairment in Schizophrenia
No full textImpaired insight into illness is a common feature of schizophrenia occurring in up to 98% of patients depending on the stage of illness. It is a major contributor to antipsychotic medication nonadherence and poor outcomes, including relapse and rehospitalization. Despite its clinical importance, no effective treatment has been established. Common psychological interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy and psychoeducation have shown limited effects, calling the need for alternative approaches. Here we investigated the effects of biparietal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on insight impairment in schizophrenia and share the work leading up to this study. First, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that impaired insight is related with cortical thinning in left frontotemporoparietal (FTP) regions in patients with schizophrenia, particularly within the treatment-resistant subgroup. Second, using arterial spin labeling (ASL), a functional MRI technique, we showed that impaired insight in schizophrenia was related to higher cerebral blood flow (CBF) in bilateral FTP brain regions. Third, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis examing the effect of the single-session tDCS on CBF and found that cathodal tDCS significantly decreased CBF and that higher anodal current intensities increased regional CBF beneath the electrodes. Last, we demonstrated that multisession active tDCS, compared to sham stimulation, improved insight in schizophrenia in a randomized sham-controlled trial. Taken together, the results of this thesis work suggest that tDCS can be a feasible adjunctive treatment to improve insight in schizophrenia. We also highlight the potential clinical value of tDCS as a safe, easy-to-use approach to maintain or enhance medication adherence by targeting brain regions associated with insight impairment in schizophrenia, which could ultimately contribute to better clinical outcomes, reduced rates of re-hospitalization, and improved well-being of individuals with schizophrenia and their families.Ph.D
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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