1,720,975 research outputs found
Ecophysiology of algae–a tribute to Mario Giordano (1964–2019)
Full text linkScientific research looks for answers to broaden our knowledge, and the specific questions addressed in each study are those that distinguish the type of scientific investigation pursued. In the field of ecophysiology biological functions are addressed, cell strategies of adaptation and acclimation to environmental changes are explored, the roles of biotic and abiotic factors on evolutionary trajectories of organisms are investigated. In line with the ecophysiological approach, the papers included in this issue explore the taxonomic and functional diversity of algae, reflecting and following the deep interest of professor Mario Giordano in aquatic autotrophic organisms
Applicazione del kriging disgiuntivo e del cokriging: un esempio nell'alta pianura veneta
No full textProgrammed Cell Death And Adaptation: Two Different Types Of Abiotic Stress Response In A Unicellular Chlorophyte
No full textEukaryotic microalgae are highly suitable biological indicators
of environmental changes because they are exposed
to extreme seasonal fl uctuations. The biochemical and
molecular targets and regulators of key proteins involved in
the stress response in microalgae have yet to be elucidated.
This study presents morphological and biochemical evidence
of programmed cell death (PCD) in a low temperature
strain of Chlorella saccharophila induced by exposure to
NaCl stress. Morphological characteristics of PCD, including
cell shrinkage, detachment of the plasma membrane from
the cell wall, nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation,
were observed. Additionally, a signifi cant production of H 2 O 2
and increase in caspase 3-like activity were detected. We
demonstrated that singly applied environmental stresses
such as warming or salt stress trigger a pathway of PCD.
Intriguingly, the prior application of salt stress seems to
reduce heat shock-induced cell death signifi cantly, suggesting
a combined effect which activates a defense mechanism in
algal cells. These results suggest that C. saccharophila can
undergo PCD under stress conditions, and that this PCD
shares several features with metazoan PCD. Moreover, the
simultaneous exposure of this unicellular chlorophyte to
different abiotic stresses results in a tolerance mechanism
MARINE MICROALGAE OF DIFFERENT PHYLOGENY DISPLAY A DIVERSIFIED ABILITY TO FACE SULFUR LIMITATION
No full textToward Enhanced Fixation of CO2 in Aquatic Biomass: Focus on Microalgae
Full text linkThe need to reduce the CO2 footprint of human activities calls for the utilization of new means of production and new sources of products. Microalgae are a very promising source of a large variety of products, from fuels to chemicals for multiple industrial applications (e.g., dyes, pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, food and feed, new materials for high tech manufacture), and for processes such as wastewater treatment. Algae, as photosynthetic organisms, use light to energize the synthesis of organic matter and differently from most terrestrial plants, can be cultured on land that is not used for crop production. We describe the main factors contributing to microalgae productivity in artificial cultivation systems and discuss the research areas that still need investigation in order to pave the way to the generation of photosynthetic cell factories. We shall comment on the main caveats of the possible mode of improving photosynthetic efficiency and to optimize the partitioning of fixed C to products of commercial relevance. We address the problem of the selection of the appropriate strain and of the consequences of their diverse physiology and culture conditions for a successful commercial application. Finally, we shall provide state of the art information on cell factories chassis by means of synthetic biology approaches to produce chemicals of interest
Evolution of photoprotection mechanisms upon land colonization: evidence of PSBS-dependent NPQ in late Streptophyte algae.
No full textRole of heat dissipation mechanisms in Physcomitrella patens acclimation to different light conditions
No full textRole of PSBS and LHCSR in Physcomitrella patens acclimation to high light and low temperature
No full textPhotosynthetic organisms respond to strong illumination by activating several photoprotection mechanisms. One of them, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), consists in the thermal dissipation of energy absorbed in excess. In vascular plants NPQ relies on the activity of PSBS, whereas in the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii it requires a different protein, LHCSR. The moss Physcomitrella patens is the only known organism in which both proteins are present and active in triggering NPQ, making this organism particularly interesting for the characterization of this protection mechanism. We analysed the acclimation of Physcomitrella to high light and low temperature, finding that these conditions induce an increase in NPQ correlated to overexpression of both PSBS and LHCSR. Mutants depleted of PSBS and/or LHCSR showed that modulation of their accumulation indeed determines NPQ amplitude. All mutants with impaired NPQ also showed enhanced photosensitivity when exposed to high light or low temperature, indicating that in this moss the fast-responding NPQ mechanism is also involved in long-term acclimatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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