80 research outputs found
Gait & Posture / Analysis of sloped gait : How many steps are needed to reach steady-state walking speed after gait initiation?
No full textBackground: Gait initiation in level walking is suggested to take three steps before reaching steady-state walking speed. In sloped gait, it is not clear if the general recommendation of level gait can be used. Research question: The aim of this study was to investigate (1) if steady-state walking speed is reached within four steps in sloped gait, and (2) to what extent the number of initial steps cause differences in step length, cadence and ground reaction force (GRF). Methods: Fourteen healthy participants walked on an instrumented ramp at inclinations of 0°, ±6°, ±12°, and ±18°, covering slight (clinical application) to steep (hiking and mountaineering) slopes. The starting position on the ramp was adjusted to collect each of the first to fourth step using a 12 infrared-camera motion capture system and two force plates. For each slope condition steady-state walking speed was determined using the ratio of the braking and propulsion impulse (ratio pap; ) and the resultant Centre of Mass (CoM) speed (velCoM). Statistical differences between steps were calculated by using a Friedman ANOVA and pairwise post-hoc Wilcoxon tests. Results: In all inclinations, ≥90 % (uphill) and ≥95 % (downhill) of steady-state speed regarding ratio pap and maximum velCoM was reached with the 3rd step. In the level and uphill condition the 4th step showed a slight decrease in velCoM. In uphill and downhill condition, the acceleration was mainly generated due to the increase in cadence with significant increases between the 1st and 2nd step as well as between the 2nd and 3rd step. A significant increase in step length was only observed in the uphill conditions. Significance: Steady-state walking speed was reached with the 3rd step and thus, walkways which allow for two initial steps seem to be appropriate for uphill and downhill gait analysis for inclinations up to ±18°.Gerda Strutzenberger, Lisa Claußen, Hermann Schwamede
ISBS 2018 AUCKLAND CONFERENCE ACADEMIC CLOSING PROGRAMME
No full textISBS 2018 Auckland Conference Chair Professor Patria Hume will welcome the Vice Chancellor, ISBS 2018 conference volunteers, and ISBS awardees to the stage.
AUT Vice Chancellor Derek McCormack will thank the contributors to the conference (organising, logistics, assistants) and provide words of reflection on the conference.
The ISBS research, internship and mobility grant awards will be provided by ISBS Board member Tim Exell.
ISBS President Young-Hoo Kwon will award the certificates to the ISBS Fellows, Life Member and announce the Geoffrey Dyson. Dr Neil Bezodis will read the citation for the Life Member.
Professor Mike McGuigan will award the “Samsung best ISBS digital poster use of video or other interactive technology” that the judges rated for: Visual appeal, Innovation, Use of biomechanics technology, Applied biomechanics. The prize is the Samsung Note9 and the Samsung Multi-media DeX dock. Thanks to Diamond Industry Partner Samsung and AUT for these amazing prizes.
The finalists in the oral podium and the oral posters will be awarded medals by ISBS President Young-Hoo Kwon, certificates by ISBS Board member Dr Neil Bezodis and cash awards by VC Derek McCormack.
Dr Gerda Strutzenberger will introduce Dr Mark Walsh who will present the up-coming highlights of the ISBS 2019 conference at the University of Miami Ohio, USA.
The conference will be officially closed by President Young-Hoo Kwon with the furling of the ISBS banner and presentation to ISBS 2019 Conference Chair Dr Mark Walsh.
To finish there will be a performance of haka and song by delegates, led by Dr Valance Smith
Kinematic and kinetic analyses of human movement with respect to health, injury prevention and rehabilitation aspects
No full textDie Arbeit gibt Einblicke in des Spektrum der Möglichkeiten der Sportbiomechanik zum einem anhand eines Methodenvergleichs, in dem die Problematik von der Vergleichbarkeit verschiedener Modellierungsmethoden behandelt wird, und zum anderen anhand eines anwendungsorientierten Teils. Realisiert wird dieser Teil durch 3 Studien zu Gelenkbelastung bei Kniebeugevariationen sowie zu Gelenkbelastung von adipösen Kindern und zu Effekte von verschiedenen Orthesen-konstruktionen auf die Kniestabilitä
THE INTERFACE BETWEEN CLINICAL AND PERFORMANCE RELATED BIOMECHANICS – AN EMERGING RESEARCHER’S JOURNEY
No full textThe presentation will describe the journey my career has taken so far, using three main themes, which have been selected to reflect my experience to date. The examples demonstrate how sports biomechanics can contribute towards developing new knowledge in a multidisciplinary setting with specific reference to the interface between clinical practice and performance related biomechanics. The three main themes will include: Clinical Biomechanics (ACL injury), Adapted Performance (Amputee Sprinting), and Environmental Interaction (Artificial Turf). The initial theme Clinical Biomechanics, emerges from my work at the University of Salzburg, exploring ACL-injury and a conservative treatment (RegentK), where acute effects of ACL-injury on gait and lower limb impacts will be discussed. The second theme will examine the contemporary aspect of Adapted Performance, specifically the use of blades in amputee sprinting during the sprint start; this example draws on a successful collaboration with the German Sports University Cologne, Germany and the Cardiff School of Sport, Cardiff Met, UK. The final theme, Environmental Interaction, investigates the use of artificial turf in soccer and rugby. I will discuss my work as a Research Officer on the FIFA, IRB, and Cardiff School of Sport project. This research employed an interdisciplinary approach to address the question of perception (psychology) and performance (biomechanics) on the introduction of artificial turf. Finally, I will draw some global conclusions regarding my research experience to date and will present perspectives for the future
Technique selection in young female gymnasts:elbow and wrist joint loading during the cartwheel and round-off
No full textTHE USE OF THE GRADUAL YIELDING MECHANISM DURING DOWNHILL WALKING IN TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTEE GAIT – A CASE STUDY
No full textTo facilitate downhill walking in transfemoral amputees, some prostheses contain knee joints that have a yielding mechanism. The aim of this case study was to investigate 1) at which gradient unilateral transfemoral (UTF) amputees first utilised the yielding mechanism, 2) whether this mechanism is linked to altered spatio-temporal parameters and 3) if the switch occurs at a different gradient when the prosthetic ankle component is altered. Two UTF amputees walked at different slopes (0° to -15°) with an articulating and a rigid prosthetic ankle component. Results showed that the gradient at which the UTFs first used the yielding mechanism is highly individual (UTF1: -6°; UTF2: -12°). UTF2 showed with the switch a decreased speed, step & stride length. The use of an articulating compared to a rigid ankle component did not influence the yielding pattern
COMPARISON OF TEMPORO-SPATIAL AND KINETIC PARAMETERS DURING DOWNHILL WALKING ON A TREADMILL AND A RAMP CONSTRUCTION
No full textInclined treadmills or static ramp constructions can be used to investigate downhill gait in a standardised laboratory condition. However, it is not clear how the different systems affect the gait pattern during downhill walking. Therefore temporo-spatial (Qualisys) and kinetic data (loadsol®) of 13 healthy participants walking with a given speed (1.1 m/s) downhill with a -6° decline on a treadmill and a ramp system were analysed. On the treadmill participants walked with 8% shorter steps and shorter contact times, while they increased step frequency by 6%. Peak resultant forces remained similar compared to walking on a ramp construction. These alterations might be due to mechanical and psychological effects and have to be considered when conducting and analysing research that focuses on downhill gait
EFFECT OF WALKING SPEED AND POLE LENGTH ON KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS IN NORDIC WALKING
No full textNordic walking has become a wide established leisure sport in middle and northern Europe. Although cardiopulmonary benefits are well documented, reported load reductions on the lower extremities seem to be overestimated. The influence of Nordic walking speed on the gait parameters has not been researched sufficiently. The recommendations of the optimal length for Nordic walking poles vary and merely the effect of different lengths on the biomechanics of the technique has been studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of Nordic walking speed and pole length on kinematic and dynamic parameters in 16 Nordic walking skilled subjects. An increase of walking speed causes a more dynamic walking pattern and leads to an increase of the
ground reaction forces in the first part of the stance phase and a decrease in the middle
part of the stance phase. Only fine and non-systematic changes in kinematics and
ground reaction forces were observed when using poles with different pole lengths
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