1,721,139 research outputs found
Advanced materials & green processes for a sustainable society (INSTM Sestriere 2022)
No full textThis virtual special issue gathers a selection of articles following contributions presented at the XIII INSTM Conference on Materials Science and Technology, the yearly event that gathers the national community, which was held at the Olympic Village TH Hotel in Sestriere (Torino, Italy), built for the 2006 Winter Games, with panoramic views toward one of the most famous Europe's skiing resorts on the mountains of the north-west side of Italy
Preface for special issue: Energy storage and Enerstock 2021 “Towards Smarter Solutions”
Full text linkPreface for special issue: Energy storage and Enerstock 2021 “Towards Smarter Solutions”, which gathers a selection of articles following contributions presented at the 15th International Conference on Energy Storage ENERSTOCK 2021, which was held “virtually” in June 9–11, 2021 in Ljubljana, Slovenia
On the impact of electrolyte temperature on contact glow discharge electrolysis
Full text linkThis study aims at disclosing the effect of small temperature drops (10-15 degrees C) of the electrolyte on Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis (CGDE). In our experiments, we measure the temperature change of electrolyte and electrode as well as the change in current following on from the addition of, first, frozen and, second, boiling KOH aqueous solution (0.1 M). Quite surprisingly, only the addition of frozen KOH aqueous solution has a significant impact on current (+130%), caused by the decrease in electrolyte temperature (-11 degrees C). In contrast, the addition of boiling KOH aqueous solution has a negligible effect on current. A very similar behavior is recorded when frozen or boiling type III deionized water is used: the addition of ice has an even stronger impact on current (+145 %) and on electrolyte temperature (-14 degrees C), while adding boiling water has no measurable effect. Thus, we here demonstrated that electrolyte temperature is critical for managing the responsiveness of the CGDE system. Our results pave the way toward temperature controlled CGDE, a powerful tool for a greener and a more efficient environmental chemistry
Managing transport properties in composite electrodes/electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium-based batteries
No full textIn the global competition for ultimate electrochemical energy storage systems, the increasing tendency of original equipment manufacturers (OEM) worldwide is to consider solid-state technology as a solution to replace the current Li-ion batteries operating with liquid electrolytes. The reason for this is the need of enhanced energy density batteries which are also durable and inherently safe. Proper understanding of the electrode/electrolyte interface is of paramount importance for this purpose. Indeed, all-solid-state lithium-based secondary batteries require efficient ion conductive pathways through the whole thickness of the electrode to properly access all the active material particles, thus providing full electrode capacity. In this respect, here, we propose an overview of the strategies adopted to achieve this goal, including polymeric and inorganic ion conductors and composites thereof as well as their preparation procedures and characterisation techniques, which currently represent highly important topics in the academic/industrial community to provide solutions for the shortcomings of poor safety, low ion mobility and short cycle life
Enabling safe and stable Li metal batteries with protic ionic liquid electrolytes and high voltage cathodes
Full text linkHere, we present first examples of lithium metal cells stable and safely operating with PYRH4+(TFSI−/FSI−)-based protic ionic liquid (PIL) electrolytes, which is accomplished by encompassing vinylene carbonate (VC) in the PIL-salt solution. VC not only enhances the stability window of PIL electrolytes; it also undergoes electrochemical decomposition during initial cycling, thus creating a protective barrier at the electrolyte/electrode interface. The protective film prevents degradation at the Li metal anode due to hydrogen release, as well as at the cathode side at anodic potential. Materials and related devices are investigated in terms of their main physico-chemical characteristics, ionic conductivity, compatibility with the Li metal electrode, and electrochemical behavior by impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling. Newly designed electrolyte formulations enable direct cycling of Li-metal cells with PILs to achieve excellent stability with both standard LFP and 4-V class NMC-based cathodes, almost full capacity (≥160 mAh g−1) and highly reversible operation at ambient temperature and different current rates up to 1C. The PIL-VC based cell outperforms the corresponding bare PIL electrolyte as well as the aprotic PYR14TFSI based cells, thus enlightening a feasible strategy to suppress the high reactivity of PILs towards alkali metals; along with the use of appropriate materials, this may turn high energy density, low-cost PIL-based Li-metal batteries into industrial reality in the coming years
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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