105 research outputs found
Indigenous Peoples: Local Impacts of International Rights. Valedictory Lecture Leiden University
Get PDFValedictory lecture given by Prof.dr. Gerard A. Persoon Professor of Environment and Development and in particular Indigenous Peoples in Southeast Asia at Leiden University on Monday, October 23 2017Museum Volkenkunde / Ethnographic MuseumGlobal Challenges (FSW
Indigenous Peoples: Local Impacts of International Rights. Valedictory Lecture Leiden University
No full textValedictory lecture given by Prof.dr. Gerard A. Persoon Professor of Environment and Development and in particular Indigenous Peoples in Southeast Asia at Leiden University on Monday, October 23 2017Museum Volkenkunde / Ethnographic Museu
Agarwood: the life of a wounded tree
Get PDFAgarwood is the infected wood of the Aquilaria tree. Called 'the wood of the Gods', its uses range from incense for religious ceremonies, perfume for the Arabic world, medicinal wine in Korea and ornamental functions in China. As a healthy tree the Aquilaria is worth next to nothing, but wounded its defence mechanisms produce agarwood and the tree becomes a valuable commodity. Gerard Persoon goes in search of the natural and social life of a wounded tree
The architecture of Gerard Moerdyk [translated from Afrikaans]
No full textIn die wordings van 'n eie nasionale kultuur langs die eienaardige verrassende paaie in sommige opsigte selfs vreemder as wat nou waargeneem en ook betreur word, is dit begryplik dat daar 'n herlewing ook in die boukuns kom, en dit is aangenaam om te weet dat die praktiese, deskundige voorloper met wetenskaplike kennis, reeds aangewys word in die persoon van ons geniale Afrikaner, Gerard Moerdyk.In our national culture, which has taken different directions over time, one would find a revival in our architecture, the expert involved in this revival is the Afrikaans architect, Gerard Moerdyk
Joachim G. Persoon, Spirituality, Power and Revolution
Get PDFIn a special way, the Volos Theological Academy from Greece published in 2014 a book written by two authors about the relationships between the Orthodox Church and Communism. The first part of it (p. 11- 259), signed by the English researcher Joachim G. Persoon, specialised in the history of the Ethiopian Church (he gained his PhD at the School of Oriental and African Studies from the University of London), is in fact the PhD thesis of the first author
Pierre Le Roux, Alexander Adelaar, and Bernard Moizo, Bornéo à Coeur; Hommage à Bernard Sellato, Argonaute de la forêt tropicale. Borneo at heart; A tribute to Bernard Sellato, Argonaut of the tropical rainforest
No full textLe bois d’aloès, « le Bois des Dieux »
Get PDFLe bois d’aloès, appelé aussi « bois d’aigle », est un produit forestier non-ligneux très important des forêts d’Asie du Sud-Est. Le bois malade de l’Aquilaria sp. est largement utilisé, aussi bien dans la production d’encens pour les cérémonies religieuses ou le parfum que dans la fabrication de cosmétiques ou de vin médicinal.En raison de sa grande valeur commerciale, les coupes de bois d’aloès dans les forêts naturelles ont mené l’espèce au bord de l’extinction dans de nombreuses régions du Vietnam, d’Indonésie, du Laos et de Malaisie. Le contrôle de son exploitation et de son commerce est une des raisons qui ont motivé l’inscription de la plante sur la liste II de la CITES. Parallèlement à cette inscription, des mesures d’incitation à la domestication de la plante et à la production de bois infecté ont été lancées. Devant le succès des premières entreprises, d’autres régions se montrent vivement intéressées par la culture des Aquilaria. Le bois d’aloès est l’un des produits forestiers non ligneux les plus fascinants au monde. C’est un bois infecté par une bactérie de l’arbre Aquilaria, appelé « Le Bois des Dieux » parce qu’il est utilisé comme encens dans des cérémonies religieuses. Le bois d’aloès est un produit très recherché dans de nombreux pays et cultures. Il a une fonction religieuse presque universelle en tant qu’encens, utilisé pour symboliser la purification et accompagner les sacrifices et les prières s’élevant de la terre vers le ciel. L’encens tient une place essentielle dans l’histoire religieuse et le bois d’aloès en est le matériau de base le plus coûteux. On l’utilise depuis les temps anciens. On sait que les Égyptiens et les Grecs s’en servaient dans leurs rites funéraires.Agarwood, also called eaglewood, is a very important non-timber forest product from the rainforests of Southeast Asia. The infected wood of the Aquilaria sp. is widely used to produce incense for religious ceremonies or for pleasure but it can also be used for making perfumes or medicinal wine.Due to its high price, the harvesting of agarwood from the wild has brought the plant to the point of extinction in many areas in Vietnam, Indonesia, Laos and Malaysia. That is one of the reasons why this plant has been put on the CITES Appendix II list to monitor its exploitation and trade. At the same time efforts are undertaken to domesticate the plant and stimulate the production of the infected wood. As initial efforts seem to be successful, interested parties from other areas are eager to start growing Aquilaria trees at well
Forty years of Leiden environmental science: the history of the Leiden Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML) 1978-2018
Get PDFForty years of Leiden environmental sciences relates the story of CML, today one of the Faculty of Science’s eight institutes but with its roots in a more or less in dependent group of ex-activists within the university. Back in the day, many of those at the top of the university would probably have had trouble accepting that ‘those upstarts’ would still be around forty years on – not locked away in some cubbyhole with their stencil duplicator, but as a professor, assistant professor or even a dean. Today they are professors emeritus or have retired: Helias Udo de Haes, Wouter de Groot, Gerard Barendse, Gjalt Huppes, Gerard Persoon, Hans de Iongh and Jan Boersema – which doesn’t stop most of them just carrying on working. And a new generation of environmental scientists is now leading CML’s research and teaching: Geert de Snoo, Arnold Tukker, Martina Vijver, Peter van Bodegom, Jeroen Guinée, Ester van der Voet and René Kleijn.Industrial EcologyConservation Biolog
The genera Aecidium, Uredo and Puccinia of Persoon
No full textAccording to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, Art. 23, the nomenclature of the Uredinales, Ustilaginales and Gasteromycetes begins with Persoon’s “Synopsis Methodica Fungorum”, published in 1801. His descriptions, however, are partly not very explicit and as, according to the Code, Art. 69, rust names are valid solely in so far as they refer to “spores giving rise to basidia”, i.e. the teleuto-stage, the present author found it desirable to examine Persoon’s collection of rusts preserved in the Rijksherbarium, Leiden. Through the courtesy of Dr. R. A. Maas Geesteranus, Mycologist of the Rijksherbarium, all specimens of the genera Aecidium, Uredo and Puccinia were lent to the Botanical Museum of the University of Oslo, where the author got the opportunity of examining them. The collection contained 792 numbers, comprising 221 species of rusts, 19 species of smuts, and 14 species of other fungus groups. A complete list of determinations is filed in the Rijksherbarium. The main aim was to find suitable lectotypes for Persoon’s taxa of 1801, among specimens containing teleuto. And owing to the type method now being established (Code, Art. 18) it seems natural to consider a Uredo name valid if the type contains teleuto, even if this stage has not been mentioned in the author’s description of the species in question (cp. D. P. Rogers, Mycologia, 45 pp. 250—251, 1948, and D. B. O. Savile, Canadian Journ. Bot., 3 p. 490, 1955). This view makes Persoon’s names Uredo betae and U. viciae-fabae valid.
However, most of the specimens had clearly been collected after 1801 and were consequently unsuitable as material for lectotypes. This younger material contains many species that are not mentioned in Syn. Meth. Fung. and consequently not treated in the present publication. For the taxa established by Persoon in 1801 have particularly been taken into consideration those specimens that in Persoon’s handwriting are solely furnished with the same name (or sometimes with a somewhat differing one) as in Syn. Meth. Fung. and without author name, or sometimes with Persoon’s own. Most of the other specimens of the same taxa are also labeled solely or partially by Persoon, but have not been taken into consideration as material for lectotypes because the names do not correspond with those in Syn. Meth. Fung., or are obviously younger than 1801 (e. g. if published by De Candolle, Link, or other contemporary authors). Many of these specimens Persoon had received from other botanists, particularly Chaillet, Balbis, and Mougeot. Only one specimen presumably older than 1801 is mentioned as having been received from another person, viz. Smith (presumably J. E. Smith in England); it is labeled Uredo linearis β. Polypodii and contains Hyalopsora polypodii (Diet.) Magn
“Pest Forests”, “Utility Forests” and “Cow Bends”
Get PDFSmall and scattered patches of forests contrast sharply within the context of the flat and monotonous dark green pastures in the Dutch polder landscapes. These patches, with various types of trees, are like little islands, surrounded by ditches. They are not remnants of the original old peat swamp forests but farmers created the patches in the past for particular purposes. Their names offer clear indications: in addition to the general name of ‘small polder forests’ (polderbosjes) they are called ‘pest forests’ (pestbosjes or krengenbosjes, places where contaminated or dead animals were dumped), ‘farmers’ utility or coppice forests’ (boerengeriefhoutbosjes or hakhoutbosjes, from which farmers collected all types of useful wood), or ‘cow bends or milk forests’ (koebochten or melkbosjes, places where the cows were milked and where the manure could be collected). With the modernization of agriculture and alternative sources of energy, many of these forest islands have been cleared for the sake of expanding the pastures. However, increasingly these forest patches are also viewed from a different perspective. Nowadays they are valued as an important element in the country’s (agri)cultural heritage, but also for the role they play in terms of the polders’ biodiversity (flora as well as fauna), which has rapidly declined with the modernization of agriculture in recent decades. In this article an overview will be given of the origin of these ‘forest islands’ and how they have functioned in the Dutch polder landscape in the past century as an often ignored aspect of farmers’ knowledge and practices. Attention will also be paid to the present efforts to maintain these forest islands.Les paysages de polders néerlandais se caractérisent par un contraste frappant entre de petites parcelles de bois éparses et de pâturages plats et monotones de couleur vert foncé. Ces parcelles, composées d’arbres d’essences variées, sont comme des îlots, entourées de fossés. Il ne s'agit pas de vestiges d'anciennes forêts de tourbières, mais de parcelles créées par les agriculteurs à des fins particulières. Leurs noms offrent des indications claires : outre la dénomination générale de "bosquets de polder" (polderbosjes), elles sont appelées "buissons de charogne" (pestbosjes ou krengenbosjes, lieux où l'on jetait des animaux contaminés ou morts), bosquet pour bois à usage agricole ou taillis (boerengeriefhoutbosjes ou hakhoutbosjes, dans lesquelles les agriculteurs récoltaient toutes sortes de bois utiles), ou buissons à vaches ou buissons laitiers (koebochten ou melkbosjes, endroits où les vaches étaient traites et où le fumier pouvait être collecté). Avec la modernisation de l'agriculture et les sources d'énergie alternatives, un grand nombre de ces îlots forestiers ont été défrichés afin d'étendre la surface de pâturage. Cependant, ces parcelles de bois sont désormais considérées sous un angle différent. Aujourd'hui, elles sont reconnues comme un élément important du patrimoine (agri)culturel du pays, mais aussi pour leur rôle dans la biodiversité (flore et faune) des polders qui a diminué de manière rapide avec la modernisation de l'agriculture au cours des dernières décennies. Le présent article donne un aperçu de l'origine de ces "îlots forestiers" et de leur fonctionnement au cours du siècle dernier dans le paysage des polders néerlandais en tant qu'aspect souvent ignoré des connaissances et pratiques des agriculteurs. Une attention est également accordée aux efforts actuels pour la préservation de ces îlots forestiers
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