1,720,959 research outputs found

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Etude expérimentale et modélisation 0D de l'impact d'un rouet centrifuge sur le comportement d'un inducteur de l'étage basse pression d'une pompe à carburant d'avion, en présence d'un ratio gaz sur liquide V/L

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    This study aims at experimentally investigating the hydrodynamic behaviour of a centrifugal pump, both with and without cavitation. The pump consists of an axial inducer, a centrifugal impeller, and a volute. Three assembly configurations are examined: the inducer alone, the impeller alone, and the combined inducer and impeller. Particular attention is given to cavitating conditions -- low suction pressure -- at four partial flow rates (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), where Φref is defined as the flow coefficient at which the full-stage pump achieves optimal performance. The hydromechanical performance is analysed and compared across these configurations, with cavitation formation captured using high-speed digital imaging. A spectral analysis of pressure signals is also conducted in operational regimes where instabilities were observed. The results indicate that the inducer mitigates the impact of cavitation on hydromechanical performance as the flow rate approaches the design point Φref. However, at partial flow rates, the inducer negatively impacts pump performance by increasing the critical cavitation number threshold beyond which a head drop occurs. Cavitation-induced instabilities were observed in partial flow regimes and under low suction pressure conditions in configurations involving the inducer. These instabilities, characterized by a very low-frequency signature, result in significant pressure and flow fluctuations, leading to vibrations within the system. Furthermore, these instabilities exhibit a clear dependency on flow rate and rotational speed.Cette étude expérimentale vise à mettre en évidence les interactions entre un rouet centrifuge et un inducteur axial, deux composants essentiels des pompes centrifuges employées dans le domaine aéronautique. Une attention particulière est portée aux régimes de débit partiel par rapport au débit nominal de dimensionnement de la pompe (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), avec Φref défini comme le débit auquel la pompe démontre les meilleures performances. L’étude est également menée dans des conditions de basse pression dans lesquelles les phénomènes de cavitation sont pleinement développés. Par ailleurs, l'injection de CO2 et sa dissolution dans l'eau de ville permettent d’examiner l’impact des gaz dissous dans le fluide sur les performances hydrauliques de la pompe. Plusieurs configurations sont considérées : le rouet centrifuge seul, l'inducteur seul, et l'association inducteur-rouet, afin de distinguer d'une part la contribution de chaque composant et, d'autre part, leur potentielle interaction. Pour chacune de ces configurations, les performances globales de la pompe sont évaluées en régime non cavitant et cavitant. La dynamique de la cavitation est caractérisée à l’aide d’une caméra rapide, permettant d’obtenir des visualisations instantanées de la morphologie de l’écoulement ainsi que des enregistrements vidéo destinés à l’analyse des instabilités dynamiques. Enfin, une analyse fréquentielle des signaux de pression est conduite afin d’approfondir la compréhension des mécanismes d’instabilités associés aux phénomènes de cavitation

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    Etude expérimentale et modélisation 0D de l'impact d'un rouet centrifuge sur le comportement d'un inducteur de l'étage basse pression d'une pompe à carburant d'avion, en présence d'un ratio gaz sur liquide V/L

    No full text
    This study aims at experimentally investigating the hydrodynamic behaviour of a centrifugal pump, both with and without cavitation. The pump consists of an axial inducer, a centrifugal impeller, and a volute. Three assembly configurations are examined: the inducer alone, the impeller alone, and the combined inducer and impeller. Particular attention is given to cavitating conditions -- low suction pressure -- at four partial flow rates (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), where Φref is defined as the flow coefficient at which the full-stage pump achieves optimal performance. The hydromechanical performance is analysed and compared across these configurations, with cavitation formation captured using high-speed digital imaging. A spectral analysis of pressure signals is also conducted in operational regimes where instabilities were observed. The results indicate that the inducer mitigates the impact of cavitation on hydromechanical performance as the flow rate approaches the design point Φref. However, at partial flow rates, the inducer negatively impacts pump performance by increasing the critical cavitation number threshold beyond which a head drop occurs. Cavitation-induced instabilities were observed in partial flow regimes and under low suction pressure conditions in configurations involving the inducer. These instabilities, characterized by a very low-frequency signature, result in significant pressure and flow fluctuations, leading to vibrations within the system. Furthermore, these instabilities exhibit a clear dependency on flow rate and rotational speed.Cette étude expérimentale vise à mettre en évidence les interactions entre un rouet centrifuge et un inducteur axial, deux composants essentiels des pompes centrifuges employées dans le domaine aéronautique. Une attention particulière est portée aux régimes de débit partiel par rapport au débit nominal de dimensionnement de la pompe (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), avec Φref défini comme le débit auquel la pompe démontre les meilleures performances. L’étude est également menée dans des conditions de basse pression dans lesquelles les phénomènes de cavitation sont pleinement développés. Par ailleurs, l'injection de CO2 et sa dissolution dans l'eau de ville permettent d’examiner l’impact des gaz dissous dans le fluide sur les performances hydrauliques de la pompe. Plusieurs configurations sont considérées : le rouet centrifuge seul, l'inducteur seul, et l'association inducteur-rouet, afin de distinguer d'une part la contribution de chaque composant et, d'autre part, leur potentielle interaction. Pour chacune de ces configurations, les performances globales de la pompe sont évaluées en régime non cavitant et cavitant. La dynamique de la cavitation est caractérisée à l’aide d’une caméra rapide, permettant d’obtenir des visualisations instantanées de la morphologie de l’écoulement ainsi que des enregistrements vidéo destinés à l’analyse des instabilités dynamiques. Enfin, une analyse fréquentielle des signaux de pression est conduite afin d’approfondir la compréhension des mécanismes d’instabilités associés aux phénomènes de cavitation

    Etude expérimentale et modélisation 0D de l'impact d'un rouet centrifuge sur le comportement d'un inducteur de l'étage basse pression d'une pompe à carburant d'avion, en présence d'un ratio gaz sur liquide V/L

    No full text
    This study aims at experimentally investigating the hydrodynamic behaviour of a centrifugal pump, both with and without cavitation. The pump consists of an axial inducer, a centrifugal impeller, and a volute. Three assembly configurations are examined: the inducer alone, the impeller alone, and the combined inducer and impeller. Particular attention is given to cavitating conditions -- low suction pressure -- at four partial flow rates (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), where Φref is defined as the flow coefficient at which the full-stage pump achieves optimal performance. The hydromechanical performance is analysed and compared across these configurations, with cavitation formation captured using high-speed digital imaging. A spectral analysis of pressure signals is also conducted in operational regimes where instabilities were observed. The results indicate that the inducer mitigates the impact of cavitation on hydromechanical performance as the flow rate approaches the design point Φref. However, at partial flow rates, the inducer negatively impacts pump performance by increasing the critical cavitation number threshold beyond which a head drop occurs. Cavitation-induced instabilities were observed in partial flow regimes and under low suction pressure conditions in configurations involving the inducer. These instabilities, characterized by a very low-frequency signature, result in significant pressure and flow fluctuations, leading to vibrations within the system. Furthermore, these instabilities exhibit a clear dependency on flow rate and rotational speed.Cette étude expérimentale vise à mettre en évidence les interactions entre un rouet centrifuge et un inducteur axial, deux composants essentiels des pompes centrifuges employées dans le domaine aéronautique. Une attention particulière est portée aux régimes de débit partiel par rapport au débit nominal de dimensionnement de la pompe (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), avec Φref défini comme le débit auquel la pompe démontre les meilleures performances. L’étude est également menée dans des conditions de basse pression dans lesquelles les phénomènes de cavitation sont pleinement développés. Par ailleurs, l'injection de CO2 et sa dissolution dans l'eau de ville permettent d’examiner l’impact des gaz dissous dans le fluide sur les performances hydrauliques de la pompe. Plusieurs configurations sont considérées : le rouet centrifuge seul, l'inducteur seul, et l'association inducteur-rouet, afin de distinguer d'une part la contribution de chaque composant et, d'autre part, leur potentielle interaction. Pour chacune de ces configurations, les performances globales de la pompe sont évaluées en régime non cavitant et cavitant. La dynamique de la cavitation est caractérisée à l’aide d’une caméra rapide, permettant d’obtenir des visualisations instantanées de la morphologie de l’écoulement ainsi que des enregistrements vidéo destinés à l’analyse des instabilités dynamiques. Enfin, une analyse fréquentielle des signaux de pression est conduite afin d’approfondir la compréhension des mécanismes d’instabilités associés aux phénomènes de cavitation

    Etude expérimentale et modélisation 0D de l'impact d'un rouet centrifuge sur le comportement d'un inducteur de l'étage basse pression d'une pompe à carburant d'avion, en présence d'un ratio gaz sur liquide V/L

    No full text
    This study aims at experimentally investigating the hydrodynamic behaviour of a centrifugal pump, both with and without cavitation. The pump consists of an axial inducer, a centrifugal impeller, and a volute. Three assembly configurations are examined: the inducer alone, the impeller alone, and the combined inducer and impeller. Particular attention is given to cavitating conditions -- low suction pressure -- at four partial flow rates (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), where Φref is defined as the flow coefficient at which the full-stage pump achieves optimal performance. The hydromechanical performance is analysed and compared across these configurations, with cavitation formation captured using high-speed digital imaging. A spectral analysis of pressure signals is also conducted in operational regimes where instabilities were observed. The results indicate that the inducer mitigates the impact of cavitation on hydromechanical performance as the flow rate approaches the design point Φref. However, at partial flow rates, the inducer negatively impacts pump performance by increasing the critical cavitation number threshold beyond which a head drop occurs. Cavitation-induced instabilities were observed in partial flow regimes and under low suction pressure conditions in configurations involving the inducer. These instabilities, characterized by a very low-frequency signature, result in significant pressure and flow fluctuations, leading to vibrations within the system. Furthermore, these instabilities exhibit a clear dependency on flow rate and rotational speed.Cette étude expérimentale vise à mettre en évidence les interactions entre un rouet centrifuge et un inducteur axial, deux composants essentiels des pompes centrifuges employées dans le domaine aéronautique. Une attention particulière est portée aux régimes de débit partiel par rapport au débit nominal de dimensionnement de la pompe (4% Φref, 16% Φref, 39% Φref, 78% Φref), avec Φref défini comme le débit auquel la pompe démontre les meilleures performances. L’étude est également menée dans des conditions de basse pression dans lesquelles les phénomènes de cavitation sont pleinement développés. Par ailleurs, l'injection de CO2 et sa dissolution dans l'eau de ville permettent d’examiner l’impact des gaz dissous dans le fluide sur les performances hydrauliques de la pompe. Plusieurs configurations sont considérées : le rouet centrifuge seul, l'inducteur seul, et l'association inducteur-rouet, afin de distinguer d'une part la contribution de chaque composant et, d'autre part, leur potentielle interaction. Pour chacune de ces configurations, les performances globales de la pompe sont évaluées en régime non cavitant et cavitant. La dynamique de la cavitation est caractérisée à l’aide d’une caméra rapide, permettant d’obtenir des visualisations instantanées de la morphologie de l’écoulement ainsi que des enregistrements vidéo destinés à l’analyse des instabilités dynamiques. Enfin, une analyse fréquentielle des signaux de pression est conduite afin d’approfondir la compréhension des mécanismes d’instabilités associés aux phénomènes de cavitation
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