1,720,954 research outputs found
Gendered perceptions on spatiotemporal rainfall and temperature variability among pastoral and agropastoral communities of west Guji and Borana zones, southern Ethiopia
No full textThe link between gender perceptions of climate variability and meteorological evidence was highly unnoticed in Ethiopia. This study analyzed gendered perceptions of spatiotemporal rainfall and temperature variability and trends in the west Guji and Borana zones of southern Ethiopia. Data were collected from 364 men- and women-headed households through survey, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs). Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze household survey data, which were compared with 35 years (1984–2018) of gridded rainfall and temperature data (4 × 4-km resolution) from the Ethiopian Meteorology Institute. Spatial-temporal climate variability was assessed using different indices, and trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. The results revealed that both men- and women-headed differently perceived temperature, rainfall, and other climate variability indicators. Gender-specific perceptions were influenced by access to community affairs, cultural norms, extension services, farmland size, livestock holdings (TLU), education, and local climate knowledge. Annual rainfall variability was high Coefficient of Variation (CV) > 30%, with severe to extreme droughts confirmed by the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI) exceeded 20% in lowland and midland areas, indicating strong irregular rainfall distribution. The highest change in annual rainfall was observed, 0.70, 0.27, and 0.19 mm/year in lowland, midland and highland, respectively at a significance level of 5%. Temperature trends showed a significant increase in minimum temperature, contributing to nighttime warming and frequent droughts. The findings concluded that the perceptions of climate change in the study area varied by gender, causing heavily burden on women. Intersecting gender-specific perceptions in climate policy design is a pathway for sustainable climate responses, including culturally appropriate climate change communication, given the repeated Borana and Guji climate crisis due to variability and change
The Qaalluu institution: An indigenous peacebuilding practice among the Gujii Oromoo in southern Ethiopia
No full textWe examine how the Qaalluu institution contributes to peacemaking and the administration of justice among the Gujii community. The Qaalluu institution is one of the many Gujii Oromoo indigenous institutions of conflict resolution, used exclusively to settle various types of charged disputes. By examining the histories of the community and neighboring ethnic groups, our study revealed that Abba Qaallu is a vital leader who governs all aspects of social, environmental, and political life. The Qaalluu institution, led by Abba Qaallu, is an organized structure composed of counselors that governs Gujii Oromoo and other neighboring ethnic groups, following supernatural (Waaqa’s) law and order
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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