1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The development of advanced smart polymer formulations for potential biomedical applications.
Full text linkIn the past twenty years, a theme in the pharmaceutical industry is to move towards more efficient use of active pharmaceutical ingredients and the need for improved delivery systems. Smart polymers throughout the literature have been suggested for several different biomedical applications such as in-situ forming gels. Fundamentally, this work focuses on the application of temperature responsive polymers as a platforms for improved drug delivery systems. Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) is a biocompatible smart polymer that offers superior characteristics for various medical device applications. PNVCL phase transitions can be tailored in order to suit the requirements of current and next-generation devices.. Physically cross-linked Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam)-Vinyl acetate (PNVCL-VAc) copolymers were initially prepared by photopolymerisation. The structure of the polymers was established by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography. A determination of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the polymers in aqueous solution was achieved by employing four techniques: cloud point analysis, UV- spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and rheometry. The sol-gel transition was established by the tube inversion method and by rheological analysis. The characteristics of PNVCL with the addition of VAc were determined and the effects on the phase transition were established. The PNVCL based polymers exhibited a decrease in the LCST as the composition of VAc increased. The sol-gel transition was found to be affected by the composition and concentration of the material. Sterilisation of PNVCL was investigated using an industrial scale electron beam sterilisation process. Physically cross-linked Poly (N-vinylcaprolactam)-Vinyl acetate (PNVCL-VAc) copolymers were prepared by photopolymerisation and were subsequently exposed to ionising radiation via electron beam technology. The mechanical characteristics and phase transitions of the physically cross-linked PNVCL samples were tailored by controlling the electron beam irradiation dose. Importantly PNVCL and PNVCL-VAc samples (5 wt% in solution) underwent a phase transition between 33-27 °C, following electron beam irradiation. Furthermore, all samples displayed a Young's Modulus between 1024-1517 MPa depending on the addition of copolymer and electron beam irradiation dose. The electron beam sterilisation process proved successful in enhancing/modifying many fundamental polymer properties, and this ability to formulate and sterilise in one step could prove a very attractive approach for many biomedical applications. Combining a smart polymer system with hot-melt extrusion (HME) could allow for a targeted hybrid drug delivery system. Initial melt processing trials were conducted to determine suitable parameters such as temperature, screw speed, drying time and particle size. PNVCL based smart polymers were successfully extruded; this was achieved through the use of the incorporation of PEG as a plasticiser. PNVCL based samples were subsequently melt processed on a pharmaceutical-grade extruder leading to modified mechanical and phase transition properties. It was observed via FTIR and GPC analysis that the chain length of the polymer increased and that chemical changes were occurring. Therefore, a washing step was developed to remove any unreacted monomers in the smart polymer matrix. This reactive processing approach was found to be extraordinarily efficient and easily adjustable to alter PNVCL properties. Melt processing of PNVCL opens new avenues and potential applications for modifications, such as polymerisation and the blending of different materials within the smart polymer matrix. PNVCL was subsequently used as a smart polymer carrier for Acetaminophen (APAP); Physically cross-linked PNVCL based polymers were prepared by photopolymerisation. Hot-melt extrusion was used as a fabrication technique to incorporate APAP into PNVCL matrix, in an attempt to develop smart drug delivery carriers. FTIR established the structure of the
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extrudates. Determination of the drug release profile was achieved by employing HPLC. The findings suggest that interactions between PNVCL and APAP varied, according to the drug-polymer ratios. This study is the first of its kind to report the use of temperature-responsive polymers via a melt processing approach
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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