1,721,082 research outputs found
Physical activity & exercise in vascular disease: Moving against cognitive decline and vascular events?
No full textWeinstein, H. [Promotor]Kappelle, L.J. [Promotor]Berg - Vos, R.M. van den [Copromotor]Geerlings, M.I. [Copromotor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Vascular risk factors, brain changes and cognitive functioning in mid and late life
No full textPeople with dementia have problems with cognitive functions, including their memory. The risk of dementia is greater in people with vascular risk factors such as hypertension or diabetes mellitus. Underlying brain damage can often be visualized with a brain scan.
In this thesis, we researched in people without dementia if vascular risk factors are associated with brain changes and if these changes are associated with cognitive functions that may precede dementia. Furthermore, we researched if these risk factors were associated with progression of cognitive decline in patients with dementia.
We describe that vascular risk factors are associated with subfields of the hippocampus, an important brain structure for memory, but we did not find that specific subfields were vulnerable. We also researched the presence of small cavities in the hippocampus and found that these were not associated with vascular risk factors or cognitive functioning. Their presence is most likely due to normal anatomical variation of the hippocampus.
In this thesis we also describe that if people with a history of vascular disease experience cognitive problems, this may be associated with small infarctions of the brain, but not with other brain changes such as shrinkage of brain tissue. These people performed less on cognitive tests at first, but after an average of eight years we did not find this difference in performance anymore.
We also describe that vascular risk factors have no or limited influence on progression of cognitive decline in patients with dementia
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cerebellovascular Disease: MR imaging
No full textCerebellovascular disease refers to a group of cerebellar conditions related to its blood supply. In part I, we assessed cerebellar infarcts in relation to vascular territories. First, we critically appraised the existing classification system of small cerebellar infarcts, and propose to classify small cerebellar infarcts according to anatomical location instead of presumed border zones in between perfusion territories. This is expected to improve clinicoradiological correlation and may allow for a more reliable and reproducible classification. Still, the holy grail in stroke medicine remains to link infarcts with the responsible diseased artery by direct imaging of involved perfusion territories. This brings us to our next objective, which was to develop an innovative imaging technique to visualise cerebellar arterial perfusion territories in vivo. In order to visualise the cerebellar PICA-perfusion territories, we studied 14 healthy subjects with super-selective ASL MRI. By labelling both vertebral arteries, we were able to distinguish the territories supplied by one vertebral artery (PICA) from those supplied by both vertebral arteries (AICA and SCA) and from the contralateral vertebral artery (contralateral PICA). We demonstrated the high variability in the extent of the PICA, but also showed that the medial posterior inferior cerebellar surfaces were invariably perfused by the PICA. Our next goal was to investigate the occurrence and topographical patterns of incidental cerebellar infarcts in a cohort of 636 patients with arterial disease from the SMART-Medea study. Unlike cerebellar infarcts studied in the symptomatic stage, small cerebellar infarcts proved to outnumber large cerebellar infarcts by a factor of almost 20. We also found that the overwhelming majority of cerebellar infarcts comprised small infarct cavities within the cerebellar cortex. These cavities will be the subject of part II of this thesis, which begins with a radiological-pathological validation study. In 40 whole cerebella scanned with 7T ex vivo MRI, we found that 20 out of 22 cerebellar cavities were located in the cortex, and these were therefore named cerebellar cortical infarct cavities. All cavities retrieved on histopathological examination were compatible with an ischaemic origin. Additionally, we translated our findings towards lower field-strengths (1.5T) in vivo. This allowed us to study the epidaemiology of cerebellar cortical infarct cavities in the 636 patients from the SMART-Medea study, and found a significant relationship with markers of atherosclerosis, imaging markers of atherothromboembolic cerebrovascular disease, and worse physical but not mental functioning. In our final study, we observed cerebellar cortical infarct cavities ≤ 1.5 cm in 16 of 46 patients with a recent vertebrobasilar TIA or stroke and a symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis ≥50% from the Vertebral Artery Stenting Trial. Since only one of these 16 patients was known with a prior history of vertebrobasilar TIA or stroke, cerebellar cortical infarct cavities should be added to the spectrum of common incidental brain infarcts detectible on routine MRI. Identification of cerebellar cortical infarct cavities on MRI not only increases the visible burden of brain infarcts, but also adds insights to the temporal and spatial distribution of brain infarcts
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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