1,604 research outputs found
Robert S. Hunt
No full textAuthoring a tribute to Bob Hunt should have been a snap, so admiring is this author and so deserving this subject. But our friendship has been long and deep—both professional and social—and it has not been easy to treat in short compass. To complicate matters, Bob Hunt is unusually diverse. A lawyer\u27s lawyer and a professional\u27s professional, he also has deep interests in literature, theater, music, dance, history, and sports. He does not easily summarize
Mechanics of inhomogeneous turbulence and interfacial layers
No full textThe mechanics of inhomogeneous turbulence in and adjacent to interfacial layers bounding turbulent and non-turbulent regions are analysed. Different mechanisms are identified according to the straining by the turbulent eddies in relation to the strength of the mean shear adjacent to, or across, the interfacial layer. How the turbulence is initiated and the topology of the region of turbulence are also significant factors. Specifically the cases of a layer of turbulence bounded on one, or two, sides by a uniform and/or shearing flow, and a circular region of a rotating turbulent vortex are considered and discussed.
The entrainment processes at fluctuating interfaces occur both at the outer edges of turbulent shear layers, with and without free-stream turbulence (e.g. jets, wakes and boundary layers), at internal boundaries such as those at the outside of the non-turbulent core of swirling flows (e.g. the ‘eye-wall’ of a hurricane) or at the top of the viscous sublayer and roughness elements in turbulent boundary layers. Conditionally sampled data enables these concepts to be tested. These concepts lead to physically based estimates for critical modelling parameters such as eddy viscosity near interfaces, entrainment rates, maximum velocity and displacement heights
Evil and Superstition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Religious Infanticide and Filicide
No full textA distinct category of women has been identified in different parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, those who commit extreme forms of violence and murder against their children in order to fulfil their religious obligations or to protect themselves from perceived magico-spiritual harms from their children. The whole of Africa is currently witnessing a heightened level of witch-hunting. Historically, some African witch-hunting incidents are triggered by witch-doctors who are keen to protect their clients from any perceived diabolical effects of witches while others are triggered by mere gossips or rumours from neighbours. However, dramatized preaching on witchcraft by revivalist Christian prophets and prophetesses whose major occupations are the ‘sale’ of exorcisms to the bewitched has become the latest trend in the region. These prophets and prophetesses are keen to teach their followers the importance of the ‘Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live’ biblical passage in their lives as well as how ‘the Kingdom of God suffereth violence’. By means of case study analysis, this paper presents a new pattern of evil that is perpetrated in the form of abandonment, torture, mutilation and murders of children by their mothers, those women who should protect their children from such evils. It also presents the cases of another group of women (prophetesses) who preach and deliver prophecies purportedly from God about particular children who are the alleged witches. This latter category also decides the nature of evil to be committed against such children – all in the name of fulfilling their religious obligations
Structure of unsteady stably stratified turbulence with mean shear.
No full textThe statistics of unsteady turbulence with uniform stratification N (Brunt–Väisälä frequency) and shear α(=dU1/dx3) are analysed over the entire time range (00 and \it Ri>0.25 respectively, oscillatory momentum and positive and negative density fluxes develop. Above a critical value of \it Ri\scriptsize\it crit(∼0.3), their average values are persistently countergradient. This structural change in the turbulence is the primary mechanism whereby stable stratification reduces the fluxes and the production of variances. It is quite universal and differs from the energy and stability mechanisms of Richardson (1926) and Taylor (1931). The long-time asymptotics of the energy ratio ER(=\it PE/VKE) of the potential energy to the vertical kinetic energy generally decreases with \it Ri(≥0.25), reaching the smallest value of 3/2 when there is no shear (\it Ri→∞). For strong mean shear (\it Ri<0.25), RDT significantly overestimates ER since (as in unstratified shear flow) it underestimates the vertical kinetic energy VKE. The RDT results show that the asymptotic values of the energy ratio ER and the normalized vertical density flux are independent of the initial value of ER, in agreement with DNS. This independence of the initial condition occurs because the ratios of the contributions from the initial values PE0 and KE0 are the same for PE and VKE and can be explained by the linear processes. Stable stratification generates buoyancy oscillations in the direction of the energy propagation of the internal gravity wave and suppresses the generation of turbulence by mean shear. Because the shear distorts the wavenumber fluctuations, the low-wavenumber spectrum of the vertical kinetic energy has the general form E33(k)∝(αtk)−1, where (LXαt)−1≪k≪L−1X (LX: integral scale). The viscous decay is controlled by the shear, so that the components of larger streamwise wavenumber k1 decay faster. Then, combined with the spectrum distortion by the shear, the energy and the flux are increasingly dominated by the small-k1 components as time elapses. They oscillate at the buoyancy period π/N because even in a shear flow the components as k1→0 are weakly affected by the shear. The effects of stratification N and shear α at small scales are to reduce both VKE and PE. Even for the same \it Ri, larger N and α reduce the high-wavenumber components of VKE and PE. This supports the applicability of the linear assumption for large N and α. At large scales, the stratification and shear effects oppose each other, i.e. both VKE and PE decrease due to the stratification but they increase due to the shear. We conclude that certain of these unsteady results can be applied directly to estimate the properties of sheared turbulence in a statistically steady state, but others can only be applied qualitatively
Economics and the design of patent systems
No full textThe author uses intuition derived from several of his research papers to make three points. First, in the absence of a common law balancing test, application of uniform patentability criteria favors some industries over others. Policymakers must decide the optimal tradeoff across industries. Second, if patent rights are not closely related to the underlying inventions, more patenting may reduce R&D in industries that are both R&D and patent intensive. Third, for reasons largely unrelated to intellectual property, the U.S. private innovation system has become far more decentralized than it was a generation ago. It is reasonable to inquire whether a patent system that worked well in an era of more centralized innovation functions as well for the more decentralized environment of today.
New Caledonian Crows Learn the Functional Properties of Novel Tool Types
No full textPubMed ID: 22194779This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
HIGH RESOLUTION SPECTRA OF THE BAND OF
No full textP. A. Jansson, R. H. Hunt, and R. K. Plyler, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 60,595 (1970). K. T. Hecht, J. Mol. Spectroscopy 5,355 (1960).""Author Institution: Department of Physics., The Florida State UniversityThe band of has been reinvestigated with a four-pass grating spectrometer having a spectral resolution of . By use of the deconvolution procedure of Jansson et al., nearly all of the fine structure components in the P. Q. and R branches have been resolved out to J - 13. Comparison of the data with the theory of gives an average deviation between calculated and measured fine structure splittings of for J 10
Efficient preservation of young terrestrial organic carbon in sandy turbidity-current deposits
No full text© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Hage, S., Galy, V. V., Cartigny, M. J. B., Acikalin, S., Clare, M. A., Grocke, D. R., Hilton, R. G., Hunt, J. E., Lintern, D. G., McGhee, C. A., Parsons, D. R., Stacey, C. D., Sumner, E. J., & Talling, P. J. Efficient preservation of young terrestrial organic carbon in sandy turbidity-current deposits. Geology, 48(9), (2020): 882-887, doi:10.1130/G47320.1.Burial of terrestrial biospheric particulate organic carbon in marine sediments removes CO2 from the atmosphere, regulating climate over geologic time scales. Rivers deliver terrestrial organic carbon to the sea, while turbidity currents transport river sediment further offshore. Previous studies have suggested that most organic carbon resides in muddy marine sediment. However, turbidity currents can carry a significant component of coarser sediment, which is commonly assumed to be organic carbon poor. Here, using data from a Canadian fjord, we show that young woody debris can be rapidly buried in sandy layers of turbidity current deposits (turbidites). These layers have organic carbon contents 10× higher than the overlying mud layer, and overall, woody debris makes up >70% of the organic carbon preserved in the deposits. Burial of woody debris in sands overlain by mud caps reduces their exposure to oxygen, increasing organic carbon burial efficiency. Sandy turbidity current channels are common in fjords and the deep sea; hence we suggest that previous global organic carbon burial budgets may have been underestimated.We thank C. Johnson, M. Lardie, A. Gagnon, A. McNichol, and the NOSAMS (National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) team (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution [WHOI], Massachusetts, USA) for their help with ramped oxidation system and isotopes. We thank the captain and crew of CCGS Vector. Support was provided by UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grants NE/M007138/1 (to Cartigny) and NE/L013142/1 (to Talling), NE/P005780/1 and NE/P009190/1 (to Clare); a Royal Society Research Fellowship (to Cartigny); an International Association of Sedimentologists Postgraduate Grant and National Oceanography Centre Southampton–WHOI exchange program funds (to Hage); an independent study award from WHOI (to Galy); the Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science (CLASS) program (NERC grant NE/R015953/1); and the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant 725955, to Parsons). We thank François Baudin, Xingqian Cui, editor James Schmitt, and three anonymous reviewers
From parallel-nominal to patrinominal: changing Cuicatec personal names.. Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. Num. 48 Tomo XIX (1966) Sexta Época (1939-1966)
No full textBarlow, R. 1949. The Extent of the Empire of the Culhua-Mexica. Ibero-Americana, vol. 28. Berkeley and Los Angeles, Uníversity of California Press.Bateson, G. 1936. Naven. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Bohannan, L. 1952. A Genealogical Charter. Africa, vol. 22, pp. 301-15Brand, D. D. 1951. Quiroga, A Mexican Municipio. Institute of Social Anthropology, Pub. No. 11. Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D. C.Carrasco, P. 1950. Los Otomíes. México, INAH.Dahlgren de Jordán, B. 1954. La Mixteca - Su Cultura e Historia Prehispánicas. Imprenta Universitaria. México.D'Souza, V. S. 1959. Social Organization and Marriage Customs of the Moplahs on the Southwest Coast of India. Anthropos, vol. 54, pp. 487-516.Expediente del Pleito de Tierras de la cacica Doña Catarina Salomé contra Domingo Hernández. Manuscript of the records of a land fight. Microfilm collection of the Departamento de Investigaciones Históricas, INAH, México. Legajo No. 55, rollo No. 146. Serie Oaxaca. Paleographed by Arturo Gómez Jiménez. México. 1962Espinosa, M. and H. F. Cline. 1961. Apuntes Históricos de las Tribus Chinantecas, Mazatecas y Popolucas (1910). Papeles de la Chinantla, III, INAH, México.Firth, Raymond (ed.). 1956. Two Studies of Kinship in London. London School of Economies, Monographs on Social Anthropology, No. 15. University of London. AthIone Press.Fisher, J. L. 1958. The Classification of Residence on Censuses. American Anthropologist, vol. 60, pp. 508-17.García Granados, R. 1953. Diccionario Biográfico de Historia Antigua de México. 3 vols. Instituto de Historia, México.Guemple, D. L. 1965. Saunik Name Sharing as a Factor Governing Eskimo Kinship Terms. Ethnology, vol. 4, pp. 323-35.Holland, W. R. 1959. Dialectic Variations of the Mixtec and Cuicatec Areas of Oaxaca. Anthropological Linguistics. vol. 1, No. 8, pp. 25-31.Hunt, R. 1965 a. The Development Cycle of the Family Business in Rural Mexico, in J. Helm. ed., Essays on Economic Anthropology, Proceedings of the 1965 Annual Spring Meeting of the American Ethnological Society, pp. 54-79. Seattle, University of Washington Press.Hunt, R. 1965 b. Mestizo Brokers: Stability and Change in Oaxaca. Paper presented at the 1965 Annual Meetings, American Anthropological Association.Itkonen, T. L. 1951. The Lapps of Finland. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, vol. 7, pp. 32-68.La Farge, O. 1947. Santa Eulalia. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.La Farge, O, and D. Byers. 1931. The Year-Bearer's People. Middle American Research Series, Pub. No. 3.Letelier, V. 1906, Ensayo de Onomatología o Estudio de los Nombres Propios y Hereditarios. Lib. de Victoriano Suárez. Madrid.Marshall, L. 1957. The Kin Terminology of the K'ung Bushmen. Africa, vol. 27, pp. 1-25.Middleton, J. F. M. 1961. The Social Significance of Lugbara Personal Names. The Uganda Journal. vol. 25. pp. 34-42.Montagu, R., n.d. Three Finca Villages in the Municipio of Ocosingo, Chiapas. Unpublished Mss., Chiapas Report 1960-1962, Departament of Anthropology, University of Chicago.Montagu. R. and Eva Hunt. 1962. Nombre, Autoridad y el Sistema de Creencias en los Altos de Chiapas. Estudios de Cultura Maya, vol. 2, pp. 141-47. México.Monzón, A. 1949. El Calpulli en la Organización Social de los Tenochca. México.Murdock, G. P. 1960. Cognatic Forms of Social Organization. In Murdock, G. P. (ed.), Social Structure in Southeast Asia, Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, No. 29, pp. 1-14.Parra, M. G. 1950. Densidad de la Población de Habla Indígena en la República Mexicana. Memorias del Instituto Nacional Indigenista, vol. 1, No. 1, México.Paso y Troncoso, F. (ed). 1905. Papeles de la Nueva España. Segunda Serie. Relaciones de Pápalo, Tepeucila, Atlatlahuca y Cuicatlán, vol. IV. Madrid.Pozas, R. 1960. Etnografía de los Mazatecos. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos, vol. 16, pp. 211-26.Roys, R L. 1940. Personal Names of the Maya of Yucatan. Contributions to American Anthropology and History, vol. VI, No. 31, pp. 31-48. Pub. No. 523. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington.Spencer, R. F. 1961. The Social Context of Modern Turkish Names. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, vol. 17, pp. 205-18.Stavenhagen, R. 1960. Descendencia y Nombres entre los Mazatecos. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos, vol. 16, pp. 231-32.Villa Rojas, A. 1955. Los Mazatecos y el Problema Indígena de la Cuenca del Papaloapan. Memorias del Instituto Nacional Indigenista. vol. VII. México.Weitlaner, R. 1961. Datos Diagnósticos para la Etnohistoria del Norte de Oaxaca, México. Dirección de Investigaciones Antropológicas. No. 6. INAH, México.Weitlaner, R. y C. A. Castro G. 1954. Mayultianguis y Tlacoatzintepec. Papeles de la Chinantla, I. INAH, México
Law of Large Numbers for Branching Symmetric Hunt Processes with Measure-Valued Branching Rates
No full textWe establish weak and strong laws of large numbers for a class of branching symmetric Hunt processes with the branching rate being a smooth measure with respect to the underlying Hunt process, and the branching mechanism being general and state dependent. Our work is motivated by recent work on the strong law of large numbers for branching symmetric Markov processes by Chen and Shiozawa (J Funct Anal 250:374-399, 2007) and for branching diffusions by Englander et al. (Ann Inst Henri Poincar, Probab Stat 46:279-298, 2010). Our results can be applied to some interesting examples that are covered by neither of these papers.NSF [DMS-1206276, NNSFC 11128101]; NNSFC [11271030, 11128101]; NNSF of China [11501029]; Beijing Institute of TechnologySCI(E)ARTICLE3898-9313
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