1,720,974 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Respiratory infection in the hospital setting : modeling transmission patterns and intervention strategies using multitype contact networks
No full textRespiratory infections in the hospital setting are a burden to patients, healthcare workers and the surrounding community. The patterns of disease spread in hospital settings are difficult to capture, due to the heterogeneous rates of contact among healthcare workers (HCWs). Patterns of healthcare worker contact were analyzed for a large Canadian hospital. A novel tool was developed to capture the heterogeneous patterns in contact in hospital settings, and data from the Canadian hospital was used to inform a realistic contact network. The spread of respiratory infections with reproductive numbers approximating SARS, influenza, and measles were simulated on the network, and control strategies including vaccination, transmission reduction, and social distancing were tested. The efficacies of measures were compared between subsets of the population, which were divided by occupation and contact rate. The results of this study found that nurses are in the most contact with other healthcare workers, but the least mobile. Additionally, “other” healthcare workers such as respiratory therapists are at a high likelihood for superspreading events in the hospital setting. This study also identified locations that would reach a large subset of the hospital, which could be used for hand-washing stations or other interventions. Simulations suggest targeting the most highly connected HCW occupations for vaccination, transmission reduction measures, and social distancing may lead to more effective disease containment in outbreak scenarios, and a reduction in resources needed. The results of this study can be used to inform policy decisions, and direct future research towards targeted control strategies in hospital settings.Medicine, Faculty ofPopulation and Public Health (SPPH), School ofGraduat
5. Applying Data Mining Methods to Blast‐Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
No full textMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, is one of the most common forms of injury sustained throughout Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. Diagnosis is difficult for many of the symptoms are very common and may not manifest themselves immediately after the injury. Many studies on blast‐related mTBI have been published from research regarding the current war in Iraq and Afghanistan. Continuous work is underway to more accurately determine its causes and symptoms, as mTBI is considered difficult to diagnose. Using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed data mining software PIRANHA, an integrative literature analysis was conducted to assist and facilitate possible research on the processes of mTBI. Data were collected from academic databases as well as PIRANHA’s internet search function. The PIRANHA categories feature was employed to visualize the areas of overlapping research regarding manifestations of mTBI relating to the biological processes and behavioral changes. PIRANHA was also used to review current research on mTBI, including animal testing on mice and swine. The integrated results from these data mining analyses revealed areas that could be studied further, as well as a clearer indication of the specific processes of mTBI. These results can contribute to ORNL’s current LDRD, an mTBI‐specific project.  
4. Analyzing Endoleaks and Predicting Outcomes after Aneurysm Repair
No full textAbdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) occur when a large blood vessel, the aorta, which supplies blood to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs, becomes exceedingly large. This can become dangerous as the aneurysm may rupture, and cause internal bleeding. Treatments for AAAs have become increasingly effective, and with proper detection, grafts may be used to surgically fix the aneurysm. Surgeons at The University of Tennessee Medical Center have seen a large variability in the survival and effectiveness of such grafts, and are working with Oak Ridge National Laboratory to help predict the success or failure of an AAA repair. The goal of this research was to analyze and integrate the results of a follow-up study on patients who have had repairs on abdominal aortic aneurysms. The analysis utilized text mining and statistical software. Radiological reports were analyzed initially using a text mining software. Documents clustered based on common words and phrases, and those relating to the occurrence of an endovascular leak (endoleak) were identified. These trends in the text were then tested for statistical significance. A contingency analysis showed a significant difference in endoleak occurrence in the populations with sigmoid diverticulosis and gallstones. Time points for the occurrence for endoleak were also plotted, and trends were identified. The results of this study provide a useful analysis of the patient dataset, and identify significant trends among patients with endoleaks after AAA repair. This study will contribute to the development of multi-modal mathematical models to predict the outcome of an abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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