132,137 research outputs found
Honesty admits discourse : lying in the fiction of Elizabeth Gaskell
No full textVariously deemed a motif, an image or a puzzling preoccupation, lying links all of Elizabeth Gaskell's works, and its political implications are far more important than critics have recognized. Lying, this dissertation argues, is the key that opens up Gaskell's values, purposes, and methods, including her own linguistic shifts and suppressions. Moreover, twentieth-century theorists of discourse and power such as Foucault and Bakhtin have helped locate lying as one of the linguistic tools for expressing and dealing with cultural change. For Gaskell, lying does not represent a turning away from truth but an expansion of the grounds for truth. Examination of the lies in her six major novels and many of her shorter works confirms that Gaskell was interrogating current assumptions of truth by encouraging inspection of motives and reinterpretation of values
Blessings left behind : self and social obligation in the novels of Elizabeth Gaskell
No full textFar from supporting the domestic ideology of the Nineteenth Century as many writers contend, Elizabeth Gaskell\u27s five major novels–Mary Barton, Ruth, North and South, Sylvia\u27s Lovers and Wives and Daughters--reflect her overriding idea that the individual could effect social change only through the achievement of moral integrity. Gaskell believes that the primary responsibility of an adult participant of community life is moral awareness, and in these five novels Gaskell creates a sort of moral mythology, or stories by which women could guide their lives. Gaskell\u27s heroines influence their specific communities by learning the supposed feminine virtues of love, mercy and generosity, the best of the human spirit. At the same time that Gaskell\u27s novels stress these powerful and transformative female values, they also create her new mythology and generate social change, through these particular virtues embodied in and taught by her heroines. There is a progression of moral reasoning in her novels where the heroine\u27s moral integrity involves a coherent conception of who she is and what her commitments are. Gaskell\u27s mythology thus creates a rejuvenated, better community through these virtues, through the achievement of moral integrity and social obligation
Verification of a date in the Gaskell letters: Mrs Glover's original patient case notes
No full text‘Poor Mrs Glover’, wrote Elizabeth Gaskell, ‘[…] the operation is to be today’.1 There are nine letters featuring Mrs Glover and her diagnosis and treatment of a uterine tumour across the edited collections of Gaskell’s correspondence, and an additional undated letter on the subject of Mrs Glover addressed to Gaskell from health and social reformer Florence Nightingale was published by Ross D. Waller in 1935. [...]</p
A hypermedia maintenance information system
No full textThe article discusses the use of Microcosm, an open hypermedia system developed by the University of Southampton's Multimedia Research Group for Pirelli Cables building wire factory at Aberdare, South Wales. An open hypermedia system allows a single multimedia resource base to be used for a range of applications, and permits the users to have access to the stored information in a structured manner. The use of this technology is now widely accepted in education, yet it has not been fully exploited within manufacturing industry for applications such as maintenance, fault diagnostics and operator training. The development of the application is discussed, together with guidelines for the authoring of future systems. With the integration of Microcosm with knowledge based systems for fault finding and network technology communication to remote databases, the concept of industrial strength hypermedia can be realise
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
THE SHORT FICTION OF ELIZABETH GASKELL (NINETEENTH-CENTURY PROSE, TALES)
No full textMrs. Gaskell\u27s short fiction, a substantial but largely neglected body of more than thirty works, belongs to a genre distinct from the single-focused, economically constructed modern short story. The canon is properly viewed in relation to the expansive nineteenth-century novel, which accommodated a variety of visions, and to the eighteenth-century moralizing essay. In the moralizing tradition, Mrs. Gaskell points the way to familial harmony with Hand and Heart and Bessy\u27s Troubles at Home, and dramatizes the Biblical injunction to forgive one\u27s enemies with The Sexton\u27s Hero and The Heart of John Middleton. Distinguished among the moralizing tales is Half a Life-Time Ago, where the use of dialect yields genuine pathos. The canon encompasses a sensational strain. Tales like The Old Nurse\u27s Story combine suspenseful action with Gothic plot embellishments; others, like Morton Hall, feature the historical adventure and sweeping scope suggestive of Scott. Also represented are crime melodramas such as A Dark Night\u27s Work, which examines at length the diffuse effects of a single violent act. In addition, the short fiction gives expression to the Victorian nostalgia for an earlier gracious culture uprooted by the Industrial Revolution and the rise of the merchant class. The conflict of disparate values provides a source of humor as well as pathos in My Lady Ludlow, which poignantly depicts the effects of social upheaval on the fading nobility while delighting us with delicately satiric portraits of Old World gentlewomen. In the pastoral mode, Cousin Phillis implicitly contrasts the abiding serenity of a lifestyle bound to nature with the grasping restlessness of an urbanized Age of Progress. Transcending its historical context, this flawless tale of innocence confronting worldliness realizes the capacity of nineteenth-century short fiction for timeless expression. Underscoring the versatility of nineteenth-century short fiction in general and Mrs. Gaskell\u27s art in particular are Lois the Witch and Curious If True. The former is a historical tale that documents the fateful convergence of forces resulting in the Salem witch hunts; the latter, a fairy tale fantasy that weaves a network of cultural allusions and sensory images reflecting Mrs. Gaskell\u27s unifying vision of time and humanity
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
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