25 research outputs found
Garunja, E. 2019. “Protection of economic rights of the child after a divorce process. Implementation of international standards from Albania as a guarantee for the protection of higher interest of the child”. Open Journal of Humanities 3: 151-182
No full textAfter the political changes in the 1990s, Albania willing to build a new system, one of the human values and the protection of citizens’ rights, became an important supporter country. Albania has adhered to all international conventions by adopting and improving its internal legal framework to anticipate this inclusiveness. As one of them, the Convention on the Rights of the Child found its implementation in every legal paragraph where the subject was the children. Their highest interest constituted the main purpose of any decision taken on the child’s life by both state and private institutions. Political and social-economic changes were associated with new phenomena (such as divorce, domestic violence, crime among young people, etc.) which required state intervention because they directly affect children. This article will be focused on the presentation of the situation after divorce in those families where one of the parent’s lives and works outside the Albanian territory (in emigration) and at the same time has the obligation to financially support the responsible parent in the wellbeing and education of their child. The fact is that today, the non-execution of family court decisions is one of the serious injuries of the Albanian justice system, contributing to the non-respect of children’s rights and to a lack of justice. Presenting the current situation, the legal framework in force and the respect of international law, an obligation imposed by the legislator and the Albanian executive with self-esteem, we seek to highlight some of the difficulties affecting the violation of children’s economic rights and people under custody by presenting cases and examples of other countries that have passed through such experiences. In this way, I think it is best served not only to the affected individual but also to the improvement of the system’s, effectiveness and institutional efficiency, as well as to the laws drafted by ourselves
Protection of Privacy and Personal Data in Albania
Get PDFThe Protection of Personal Data became an important issue for the Albanian citizens. The new era of the protection of personal data through administrative claims started after 2008. This brought up sensitive issues like unauthorised legal processing of data on media and online portals, e-mail lack of personal data security, online data processing and online security etc. The sensibility of people increased when personal data were used for political or commercial benefits. During the COVID-19 pandemic period our lives were dominated by technology as the only means of connecting with others or continuing our normal
life in abnormal conditions. On one side, human rights were suffering the most powerful restrictions and on the other,technology was gaining position faster. This paper raises questions on the relation between the protection of dignity, honour and privacy of the persons as a democratic value and technological evolution. This paper aims to introduce the Albanian legislation on the protection of privacy and personal data, legal reforms and their adaptation to international law through case law and jurisprudence. Findings, suggest the need for an international global binding act, which would facilitate the process of exchanging information, reduce administrative barriers, and increase the connection and collaboration
Education System in Albania among changes and reforms
Get PDFEducation in Albania, as an important sector of the national development, aims to equip the future Albanian citizens with the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities in order to educate and commit them to achieve the country’s economic and socio-cultural development. After the 90’s the Albanian economic and social situation have significantly influenced the education and reforms. Despite the political changes, education imposed profound changes in curricula or other components. Emerging from highly politicized curricula, the reform has set new principles and modern requirements. Other issues that constitute the reforms, includes the development of pre- school education, reduction of illiteracy, avoiding the phenomenon of school abandonment, improving schools infrastructure, increasing the teachers professionalism, providing free textbooks, modernisation of teaching methods, establishing evaluation standards. This paper will highlight the main problems based on the substantial education methods on international and national levels and the impact of reforms implementation in education system
GENDERIZING OF THE PARTICIPATION RIGHT IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS: THE ELECTORAL QUOTA AND FEMALE LEADERSHIP IN ALBANIA
Get PDFThis paper is focused on the Albanian electoral system, its total inclusion approach, protection and promotion of gender characteristics, historical and legal developments on the gender quotas necessity, the comparison in time and space, the barriers and opportunities to promote gender politics in public and social area in Albania. The methodology will consist of a comparative analysis of legislation, the international legal framework, recommendations of international institutions, policy papers on identifying the causes why higher gender representation in politics produces estimated results in the public area, social and economic development. Analysis of the circumstances, historical periods, social and economic impact in legal amendments would be another methodology component. Gender quotas provide a critical minority of women, from 20% to a gender balance of 50%, either as an education of the community to face with real gender balance in common life
Education System in Albania among changes and reforms
No full textEducation in Albania, as an important sector of the national development, aims to equip the future Albanian citizens with the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities in order to educate and committhem to achieve the country’s economic and socio-cultural development. After the 90’s theAlbanian economic and social situation have significantly influenced the education and reforms. Despite the political changes, education imposed profound changes in curricula or other components. Emerging from highly politicized curricula, the reform has set new principles and modern requirements. Other issues that constitute the reforms, includes the development of pre- school education, reduction of illiteracy, avoiding the phenomenon of school abandonment, improving schools infrastructure, increasing the teachers professionalism, providing free textbooks, modernization of teaching methods, establishing evaluation standards. This paper will highlight the main problems based on the substantial education methods on international and national levels and the impact of reforms implementation in education system
Education System in Albania among changes and reforms
No full textEducation in Albania, as an important sector of the national development, aims to equip the future Albanian citizens with the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities in order to educate and committhem to achieve the country’s economic and socio-cultural development. After the 90’s theAlbanian economic and social situation have significantly influenced the education and reforms. Despite the political changes, education imposed profound changes in curricula or other components. Emerging from highly politicized curricula, the reform has set new principles and modern requirements. Other issues that constitute the reforms, includes the development of pre- school education, reduction of illiteracy, avoiding the phenomenon of school abandonment, improving schools infrastructure, increasing the teachers professionalism, providing free textbooks, modernization of teaching methods, establishing evaluation standards. This paper will highlight the main problems based on the substantial education methods on international and national levels and the impact of reforms implementation in education system
THE EFFECTS OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES ON THE JUDICIARY SYSTEM IN ALBANIA: THE PROCESS OF VETTING
Get PDFObjective: in order to increase confidence in the institutions of justice, Albanian politics have undertaken a series of constitutional changes that aimed at a radical reform of the judicial system in Albania, unique in its kind, as the guarantor of the independence of the constitutional institutions, strengthening the healthy part and fulfilling one of the obligations for the European accession of Albania. The main focus of the last few years has been focused on control / Vetting, that is, the exclusion from the judicial system of individuals who do not meet one of the three constitutional criteria (wealth, moral integrity and professionalism), omitting other important aspects of the reform, new entrants to the system, the career system, the improvement of quality in judicial decisions, transparency and independence and professionalism. Vetting, control per se, is not a reform of justice, but only one of its constitutive phases. How is the Vetting process affecting judicial standards, how are the new Albanian justice institutions reacting, what is the public opinion on this progress or the benefits of society from this process?Methodology: the deductive method is used, with a bibliographical and documental approach, by reviewing books, journals and the legislation.Results: The transition period from vetting – so, from the creation of new organs to their full functioning - is used by the justice system to continue to take advantage of situations where denial of justice is still possible or to carry out acts which could integrate the extremes of the crime of corruption. These subjects should resign with the approaches of the control procedures. The lack of a clear link between the decision to dismiss the KPK / KPA and the consequence of bringing those who have broken the law to the justice has given space and immunity to people who, although they have no more the minimum requirements to do it (beginning from moral integrity), still holding the power, compromising in this way the public support for justice reformContributions: the research gives as contribution a study of the Albania Democratiazaton, as wells of its Constitution enacted in 198.Keywords: Albania; Constitution; Vetting; Transtion period. RESUMOObjetivo: a fim de aumentar a confiança nas instituições de justiça, a política albanesa empreendeu uma série de mudanças constitucionais que visavam uma reforma radical do sistema judicial na Albânia, único em seu tipo, como o garante da independência das instituições constitucionais, fortalecendo a parte saudável e cumprindo uma das obrigações para a adesão europeia da Albânia. O foco principal dos últimos anos tem sido o controle / Vetting, ou seja, a exclusão do sistema judicial de pessoas que não atendam a um dos três critérios constitucionais (riqueza, integridade moral e profissionalismo), omitindo outros importantes aspectos da reforma, novos ingressos no sistema, o sistema de carreiras, a melhoria da qualidade nas decisões judiciais, transparência e independência e profissionalismo. A fiscalização, o controle per se, não é uma reforma da justiça, mas apenas uma de suas fases constitutivas. Como está o processo de Vetting afetando os padrões judiciais, como as novas instituições de justiça albanesas estão reagindo, qual é a opinião pública sobre este progresso ou os benefícios da sociedade neste processo?Metodologia: é utilizado o método dedutivo, com abordagem bibliográfica e documental, através da revisão de livros, periódicos e da legislação.Resultados: O período de transição do vetting - ou seja, da criação dos novos órgãos ao seu pleno funcionamento - é utilizado pelo sistema de justiça para continuar a tirar proveito das situações em que a negação da justiça ainda é possível ou para a prática de atos que integrem o extremos do crime de corrupção. Esses sujeitos devem conformar-se com as abordagens dos procedimentos de controle. A falta de uma ligação clara entre a decisão de demitir o KPK / KPA e a consequência de levar aqueles que infringiram a lei à justiça deu espaço e imunidade às pessoas que, embora não tenham mais os requisitos mínimos para fazê-lo ( partindo da integridade moral), ainda detendo o poder, comprometendo desta forma o apoio público à reforma da justiçaContribuições: a pesquisa traz como contribuição um estudo da democratização da Albânia, bem como de sua Constituição promulgada em 1988. Palavras-chave: Albânia; Constituição. Vetting. Período de transição
A Corporate Venturing Unit at EVIS: A MSc-thesis Research in External Corporate Venturing Objectives and crucial Factors for a Corporate Venturing Unit engaged in external Corporate Venturing
No full textCorporate Venturing, is a recurrently researched mechanism for corporates to stay innovative. However, the difficulty of establishing a Corporate Venturing Unit, becomes apparent in the literature. ENGIE Ventures and Integrated Solutions (EVIS) also resorts to external CV activities, in order to cope with the pace of technological innovations in the predominantly classical energy industry making it an interesting case to conduct the research. The first part of the research consisted of research endeavors into external CV objectives, in order to develop a version of the intended external CV objectives for a CVU at EVIS. This has been done by conducting a thorough literature review. Consequently, these insights were used as a foundation to conduct internal interviews at EVIS in order to develop a set of intended CV objectives for a CVU at EVIS. The second part, researching the factors, started with a literature study, resulting in the development of a conceptual framework of factors. This conceptual framework has been used as a foundation for a total of nine external interviews. Ultimately, the insights of both the internal interviews and external interviews are processed into implications for EVIS. For the CV objectives intended for a CVU at EVIS, strategic objectives should outweigh the financial objective, where the following strategic objectives are specifically mentioned in order of importance: Strategic corporate renewal and a window on new technology, business models and capabilities – Promoting ENGIE’s innovative and entrepreneurial image – Developing an innovative and entrepreneurial culture within the corporate – Leveraging internal capabilities, competencies and ideas to create new business – Accelerating innovation though ventures – Creating deal flow for corporate M&A. For the financial objective, the interviewees at EVIS indicated the room for potential loss-making investments and ambiguity towards whether every investment should be financially viable. However, external interviews provided a different insight: every investment should show good financial returns, purely looking at the investment financials. Furthermore, the factors that should be considered in order for a CVU to engage in external CV activities, based on literature and external interviews, have been approached by categorizing them into five categories: Factors internal to the CVU, factors in the relation between the CVU and the corporate parent, between the CVU and external ventures, between the CVU and spin-offs and between the CVU and external investment partners. The following factors have been found to be most crucial to consider for a CVU engaging in external CV activities: balancing strategic and financial objectives, the CVU’s team composition and compensation, the autonomy of a CVU and the degree of autonomy it provides to ventures, collaborative investments together with financial and strategic co-investors, and specific activities of a CVU with spin-offs (e.g. motivation to spin-off, involvement of external investors, etc.). However, most importantly, there is no one size fits all for the factors identified. Hence, each CVU should make its own decisions with regard to the identified factors, in order to create the most suited circumstances for their CVU.Management of Technology (MoT
RadioGraphics Update: 2023 FIGO Staging System for Endometrial Cancer
No full textEditor's Note.—RadioGraphics Update articles supplement or update information found in full-length articles previously published in RadioGraphics. These updates, written by at least one author of the previous article, provide a brief synopsis that emphasizes important new information such as technological advances, revised imaging protocols, new clinical guidelines involving imaging, or updated classification schemes. The 2023 update to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) endometrial cancer staging system represents a significant shift toward a more precise approach to staging endometrial cancer by integrating anatomic findings with pathologic and molecular variables, with implications for MRI protocols and evaluation
(Review Article*) Non Profit Organizations on the Protection and Promotion of Women’s Rights: Albanian Case
No full textCivil society organizations, since 1990 and beyond the Kosovo crisis in 1998, found a favorable environment in Albania to create an important pillar on promoting, recognizing, guaranteeing, preserving and improving the citizen's rights. As the first organizations centered on women’s and their rights, they became the protagonists of many awareness-raising campaigns, advocacy, and lobbying actions, in improving the situation and creating legal instruments to help them. They found and filled the gaps created by the lack or inability of State, national and local authorities, to provide a wide range of social services by giving them an important elite role. This article tries to provide a picture of how civil society has evolved in Albania and more on, its role in social and economic changes. Actions are undertaken by women's NGOs over the years and their contribution to improving the situation of gender equality and domestic violence in Albania. New forms of public-private partnership and some of the survival challenges faced by women's organizations nowadays, will be another reflection in this paper
