1,721,000 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Non-invasive skin sampling detects systemically administered drugs in humans
Get PDFClinical testing typically relies on invasive blood draws and biopsies. Alternative methods of sample collection are continually being developed to improve patient experience; swabbing the skin is one of the least invasive sampling methods possible. To show that skin swabs in combination with untargeted mass spectrometry (metabolomics) can be used for non-invasive monitoring of an oral drug, we report the kinetics and metabolism of diphenhydramine in healthy volunteers (n = 10) over the course of 24 hours in blood and three regions of the skin. Diphenhydramine and its metabolites were observed on the skin after peak plasma levels, varying by compound and skin location, and is an illustrative example of how systemically administered molecules can be detected on the skin surface. The observation of diphenhydramine directly from the skin supports the hypothesis that both parent drug and metabolites can be qualitatively measured from a simple non-invasive swab of the skin surface. The mechanism of the drug and metabolites pathway to the skin’s surface remains unknown
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Modification of arctic clouds by long-range aerosol transport
No full textLes interactions des aérosols avec les nuages en Arctique peuvent avoir de fortes conséquences sur le forçage radiatif. Néanmoins cette interaction reste encore mal comprise. Dans cette étude nous utilisons les instruments satellitaires POLDER-3 & MODIS pour obtenir des informations sur les propriétés microphysiques des nuages que nous co-localisons temporellement et spatialement avec la concentration en monoxyde de carbone, traceur passif du contenu en aérosols, issue des modèles numériques GEOS-Chem et FLEXPART. Nous co-localisons également les données avec les réanalyses de ERA-Interim pour pouvoir contrôler les paramètres météorologiques tel que l’humidité spécifique et la stabilité de la basse troposphère. Afin d’étudier l'impact des panaches de pollution sur la microphysique des nuages, nous définissons le paramètre ACInet qui décrit l'interaction aérosol nuage. Nos résultats suggèrent que les parcelles d'air venant de feux de biomasses ont un effet limité sur la microphysique des nuages. Au contraire, l'effet des aérosols venant de sources anthropiques ont un effet proche d'un maximum théorique. Nous étudions alors l'impact de différents paramètres météorologiques sur l'ACInet. Nous avons également analysé l'impact des aérosols d'origine anthropiques sur la transition de phase liquide-glace des nuages. Nos résultats indiquent que le contenu en aérosols a un effet net de diminution de la température de transition de phase, ce qui est susceptible d'avoir de fortes conséquences sur la durée de vie des nuages.The Arctic region is warming particularly rapidly. The aerosol-cloud interaction (ACI) plays an important role on cloud radiative properties and climate change but aerosol impact on cloud microphysical parameters is still poorly understood.In this study we combine measurements from the satellite instruments POLDER-3 and MODIS to temporally and spatially co-localize cloud microphysical properties with carbon monoxide concentrations, passive tracer of aerosol content, from GEOS-Chem and FLEXPART. We also add ERA-I reanalysis of meteorological parameters to stratify meteorological parameters, such as specific humidity and lower tropospheric stability. Thus, observed differences in cloud-microphysical-parameters can be attributed to differences in aerosol content and not in meteorological parameters. We define a net ACI (ACInet) which can be interpreted as a measure of the sensitivity of a cloud at any given location to pollution plumes from distant sources. We study the impact of aerosols from anthropogenic and biomass-burning sources on liquid-cloud microphysical properties in Arctic, between 2005 and 2010, above ocean, and for different meteorological regimes. Our results suggest that the effect of biomass pollution plumes is smaller than the effect of anthropogenic pollution plumes. Meteorological parameters can significantly influence the ACI. We analyze the impact of anthropogenic aerosol on thermodynamic phase transition. The smaller the effective radius, the greater the supercooled temperature, whereas the greater the aerosol concentration, the smaller the supercooled temperature
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